全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23640篇 |
免费 | 2522篇 |
国内免费 | 730篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 157篇 |
综合类 | 1250篇 |
化学工业 | 6920篇 |
金属工艺 | 582篇 |
机械仪表 | 229篇 |
建筑科学 | 749篇 |
矿业工程 | 231篇 |
能源动力 | 459篇 |
轻工业 | 10950篇 |
水利工程 | 173篇 |
石油天然气 | 811篇 |
武器工业 | 30篇 |
无线电 | 504篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1303篇 |
冶金工业 | 823篇 |
原子能技术 | 260篇 |
自动化技术 | 1461篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 90篇 |
2023年 | 524篇 |
2022年 | 789篇 |
2021年 | 1247篇 |
2020年 | 991篇 |
2019年 | 923篇 |
2018年 | 873篇 |
2017年 | 973篇 |
2016年 | 1060篇 |
2015年 | 978篇 |
2014年 | 1365篇 |
2013年 | 1738篇 |
2012年 | 1869篇 |
2011年 | 1988篇 |
2010年 | 1380篇 |
2009年 | 1315篇 |
2008年 | 1143篇 |
2007年 | 1391篇 |
2006年 | 1157篇 |
2005年 | 813篇 |
2004年 | 701篇 |
2003年 | 629篇 |
2002年 | 489篇 |
2001年 | 396篇 |
2000年 | 319篇 |
1999年 | 246篇 |
1998年 | 189篇 |
1997年 | 175篇 |
1996年 | 148篇 |
1995年 | 145篇 |
1994年 | 141篇 |
1993年 | 112篇 |
1992年 | 113篇 |
1991年 | 74篇 |
1990年 | 76篇 |
1989年 | 50篇 |
1988年 | 47篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 42篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
1964年 | 5篇 |
1961年 | 5篇 |
1959年 | 7篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为了探讨远志多糖的体内、外活性,采用力竭运动动物模型,给予受试动物低、中、高剂量(0.10、0.20、0.40 mg/g·d)远志多糖后,分别测定各组动物负重游泳时间、肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸、尿素氮含量及乳酸脱氢酶的活力和体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,与空白对照组相较,低、中、高剂量的远志多糖分别延长小鼠的负重游泳时间96.6 s (P<0.05)、254.4 s (P<0.01)和421.8 s (P<0.01),肝糖原含量分别提高13.1%(P<0.05)、37.4%(P<0.01)和56.4%(P<0.01),肌糖原含量分别提高10.8%(P<0.05)、31.2%(P<0.01)和42.0%(P<0.01),运动后乳酸含量分别下降4.6%(P<0.05)、8.6%(P<0.01)和14.5%(P<0.01),尿素氮含量分别降低1.5%(P<0.05)、3.9%(P<0.01)和7.5%(P<0.01),乳酸脱氢酶活力分别提高10.4%(P<0.01)、14.0%(P<0.01)和19.9%(P<0.01)。当远志多糖浓度为4 mg/mL时,对羟基自由基清除率和DPPH自由基的清除率分别为61.3%和79.5%,表明远志多糖有助于缓解机体疲劳,且体外抗氧化性较好。 相似文献
2.
Ahmad Reza Abbasian Alireza Mahvary Shahram Alirezaei 《Ceramics International》2021,47(17):23794-23802
The effects of three types of salt including NaF, KCl, and NaCl on the properties of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles using salt-assisted solution combustion synthesis (SSCS) have been investigated. The synthesized powders were evaluated by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and VSM analysis. Also, the specific surface area (SSA), as well as size distribution and volume of the porosities of NiFe2O4 powders were determined by the BET apparatus. The visual observations showed that the intensity and time of combustion synthesis of nanoparticles have been severely influenced by the type of salt. The highest crystallinity was observed in the synthesized powder using NaCl. The SSA has also been correlated completely to the type of salt. The quantities of SSA was achieved about 91.62, 64.88, and 47.22 m2g-1 for the powders synthesized by KCl, NaCl, and NaF respectively. Although the magnetic hysteresis loops showed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in all conditions, KCl salt could produce the particles with the least coercivity and remanent magnetization. Based on the present study, the salt type is a key parameter in the SSCS process for the preparation of spinel ferrites. Thermodynamic evaluation also showed that the melting point and heat capacity are important parameters for the proper selection of the salt. 相似文献
3.
Matej Vizovisek Dragana Ristanovic Stefano Menghini Michael G. Christiansen Simone Schuerle 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
In recent decades, dysregulation of proteases and atypical proteolysis have become increasingly recognized as important hallmarks of cancer, driving community-wide efforts to explore the proteolytic landscape of oncologic disease. With more than 100 proteases currently associated with different aspects of cancer development and progression, there is a clear impetus to harness their potential in the context of oncology. Advances in the protease field have yielded technologies enabling sensitive protease detection in various settings, paving the way towards diagnostic profiling of disease-related protease activity patterns. Methods including activity-based probes and substrates, antibodies, and various nanosystems that generate reporter signals, i.e., for PET or MRI, after interaction with the target protease have shown potential for clinical translation. Nevertheless, these technologies are costly, not easily multiplexed, and require advanced imaging technologies. While the current clinical applications of protease-responsive technologies in oncologic settings are still limited, emerging technologies and protease sensors are poised to enable comprehensive exploration of the tumor proteolytic landscape as a diagnostic and therapeutic frontier. This review aims to give an overview of the most relevant classes of proteases as indicators for tumor diagnosis, current approaches to detect and monitor their activity in vivo, and associated therapeutic applications. 相似文献
4.
Elangeni Ana Gilbert Javier Fernando Guastavino Carolina Guadalupe Gutierrez María Verónica Lancelle Karen Russell-White Marcelo César Murguía 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2021,24(3):411-419
A novel series of cleavable alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants with different hydrocarbon chain lengths (C8–16) were synthesized. A carbonate break site inserted between the polar head and the hydrocarbon chain makes these compounds hydrolyzable. The reagents used are renewable, (bio)degradable, or reusable. The hydrolysis of these cleavable surfactants will lead to the generation of fatty alcohols and choline, which is an essential biological nutrient. The surface activities in aqueous solution of the synthesized carbonates fulfill the requirement of being good surfactants. In addition, the cleavable compounds containing n-decyl and n-dodecyl chains showed similar or higher antimicrobial activities when compared to a non-cleavable analog. 相似文献
5.
Zhuolong Tu Mi Chen Min Wang Zhenxuan Shao Xiaoqi Jiang Kangyan Wang Zhe Yao Shiwei Yang Xingxing Zhang Weiyang Gao Cai Lin Bo Lei Cong Mao 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(30):2100924
Diabetic wound healing still faces great challenges due to the excessive inflammation, easy infection, and impaired angiogenesis in wound beds. The immunoregulation of macrophages polarization toward M2 phenotype that facilitates the transition from inflammation to proliferation phase has been proved to be an effective way to improve diabetic wound healing. Herein, an M2 phenotype-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial conductive hydrogel scaffolds (GDFE) for producing rapid angiogenesis and diabetic wound repair are reported. The GDFE scaffolds are fabricated facilely through the dynamic crosslinking between polypeptide and polydopamine and graphene oxide. The GDFE scaffolds possess thermosensitivity, self-healing behavior, injectability, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, and electronic conductivity. GDFE effectively activates the polarization of macrophages toward M2 phenotype and significantly promotes the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts, the migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of endothelial cells through paracrine mechanisms. The in vivo results from a full-thickness diabetic wound model demonstrate that GDFE can rapidly promote the diabetic wound repair and skin regeneration, through fast anti-inflammation and angiogenesis and M2 macrophage polarization. This study provides highly efficient strategy for treating diabetic wound repair through designing the M2 polarization-enabled anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial bioactive materials. 相似文献
6.
Akira Minami Yuuki Kurebayashi Tadanobu Takahashi Tadamune Otsubo Kiyoshi Ikeda Takashi Suzuki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Sialidase cleaves sialic acid residues from glycans such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. In the brain, desorption of the sialic acid by sialidase is essential for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory and synaptic transmission. BTP3-Neu5Ac has been developed for sensitive imaging of sialidase enzyme activity in mammalian tissues. Sialidase activity in the rat hippocampus detected with BTP3-Neu5Ac increases rapidly by neuronal depolarization. It is presumed that an increased sialidase activity in conjunction with neural excitation is involved in the formation of the neural circuit for memory. Since sialidase inhibits the exocytosis of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, the increased sialidase activity by neural excitation might play a role in the negative feedback mechanism against the glutamate release. Mammalian tissues other than the brain have also been stained with BTP3-Neu5Ac. On the basis of information on the sialidase activity imaging in the pancreas, it was found that sialidase inhibitor can be used as an anti-diabetic drug that can avoid hypoglycemia, a serious side effect of insulin secretagogues. In this review, we discuss the role of sialidase in the brain as well as in the pancreas and skin, as revealed by using a sialidase activity imaging probe. We also present the detection of influenza virus with BTP3-Neu5Ac and modification of BTP3-Neu5Ac. 相似文献
7.
Alawiya Reslan Juliano G. Haddad Liadrine Moukendza Koundi Philippe Desprs Jean-Loup Bascands Gilles Gadea 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) became a real threat to human health due to the lack of vaccine and effective antiviral treatment. The virus has recently been responsible for a global outbreak leading to millions of infected cases. ZIKV complications were highlighted in adults with Guillain–Barré syndrome and in newborns with increasing numbers of congenital disorders ranging from mild developmental delays to fatal conditions. The ability of ZIKV to establish a long-term infection in diverse organs including the kidneys has been recently documented but the consequences of such a viral infection are still debated. Our study aimed to determine whether the efficiency of ZIKV growth in kidney cells relates to glucose concentration. Human kidney HK-2 cells were infected with different ZIKV strains in presence of normal and high glucose concentrations. Virological assays showed a decrease in viral replication without modifying entry steps (viral binding, internalization, fusion) under high glucose conditions. This decrease replication was associated with a lower virus progeny and increased cell viability when compared to ZIKV-infected HK-2 cells in normal glucose concentration. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that an elevated glucose level influences ZIKV replication level with an effect on kidney cell survival. 相似文献
8.
Speciation of copper in high chloride concentrations,in the context of corrosion of copper canisters
Canisters with a cast iron insert for mechanical strength and a 50-mm thick copper shell as corrosion protection are planned to be used for disposal of spent nuclear fuel in Sweden and Finland. Chloride can be considered “beneficial”, as it promotes active dissolution of copper rather than passivation (which might result in pitting), but a high concentration of chloride in solution would increase the driving force for corrosion through the formation of soluble copper chloro complexes. Thermodynamic calculations are performed in this study with the PHREEQC software and three of its accompanying databases, and a comparison with experimental data is performed to select the database to be used when evaluating repository performance. The activity coefficient models are given special attention. For the assessment of chloride-assisted corrosion of a KBS-3 canister, chloride concentrations pessimistically up to 5 mol/kg are used (in Finland and Sweden, the groundwater and bentonite porewater chloride concentrations are not expected to exceed 1 mol/kg). The resulting copper solubilities are then considered in different mass transport cases. 相似文献
9.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):32882-32890
Transition metals doping has been proved to be a feasible way for tuning the physical properties on the surface and bulk of nanomaterials and also for the good performance in decontamination of emerging pollutants. In this context, doped samples of zinc tin oxide or zinc stannate nanoparticles (ZTO NPs) by several transition metals were synthesized in order to enhance the optical absorbance with the aims of reducing the band gap and therefore ameliorated their photocatalytic activity. They were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The XRD patterns and the microscopic observations showed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with an average size of about 30 nm and highly pure ZTO phase with an inverse spinel structure. The Raman spectra were dominated by bands relatives to the F2g (2) and A1g symmetries modes of inverse spinel structure. The band gap Eg is estimated to be 3.75 eV for the undoped sample, and 3.67, 3.64, 3.78 and 3.21 eV, for 2% Fe, 2% Mg, 2% Gd, and 2% Mn doped ZTO samples, respectively.Furthermore, the undoped ZTO NPs have the intrinsic problem of recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. We have shown that the reduction of the band gap and oxygen vacancies resulting from the doping effect could be a useful tool for trapping and avoid the recombination of electrons coming from photosensitized rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. Owing to the structural advantages and low band gap, 2% Mn doped ZTO NPs, with the kinetic rate constants k of 0.024 min−1, show enhanced performance for the elimination of RhB in aqueous solution compared to undoped and other doped ZTO NPs. 相似文献
10.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(22):31617-31624
The present work aimed to synthesize Zn0.95Ag0.05O (ZnAgO) nanoparticles using rosemary leaf extracts as a green chemistry method. The characterization of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–visible). The XRD, FTIR, and UV–visible spectra confirmed the formation of the presence of hexagonal ZnAgO nanoparticles. FESEM micrograph shows that the nanoparticles have been distributed homogeneously and uniformly. The morphology of ZnAgO nanoparticles is quasi-spherical configuration. Also, the mean particle size is in the range of 22–40 nm. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in the presence of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles is nearly 98.5% after exposing 100 min. The ultraviolet lamp was used as the light source for photocatalyst degradation. The disc diffusion method was chosen to study the antibacterial activity of as-synthesized ZnAgO nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of Zn0.95Ag0.05O nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli revealed that the as-synthesized ZnAgO nanoparticles were efficient in inhibition of bacterial growth. 相似文献