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排序方式: 共有1265条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Inflammatory processes occur as a generic response of the immune system and can be triggered by various factors, such as infection with pathogenic microorganisms or damaged tissue. Due to the complexity of the inflammation process and its role in common diseases like asthma, cancer, skin disorders or Alzheimer's disease, anti-inflammatory drugs are of high pharmaceutical interest. Nature is a rich source for compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Several studies have focused on the structural optimization of natural products to improve their pharmacological properties. As derivatization through total synthesis is often laborious with low yields and limited stereoselectivity, the use of biosynthetic, enzyme-driven reactions is an attractive alternative for synthesizing and modifying complex bioactive molecules. In this minireview, we present an outline of the biotechnological methods used to derivatize anti-inflammatory natural products, including precursor-directed biosynthesis, mutasynthesis, combinatorial biosynthesis, as well as whole-cell and in vitro biotransformation. 相似文献
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Dr. Mengbin Chen 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(2):317-318
Biocatalysis is a continuously expanding subfield in chemical biology. Herein, I describe two categories of biocatalysts, the LEGO-brick-like and game-console-like type, both of which can streamline the synthetic routes to therapeutics. A multi-disciplinary approach to expand the biocatalytic toolkit will open up opportunities to develop new therapeutics. 相似文献
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April L. Lukowski Prof. Alison R. H. Narayan 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2019,20(10):1231-1241
Natural product biosynthetic pathways are composed of enzymes that use powerful chemistry to assemble complex molecules. Small molecule neurotoxins are examples of natural products with intricate scaffolds which often have high affinities for their biological targets. The focus of this Minireview is small molecule neurotoxins targeting voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and the state of knowledge on their associated biosynthetic pathways. There are three small molecule neurotoxin receptor sites on VGSCs associated with three different classes of molecules: guanidinium toxins, alkaloid toxins, and ladder polyethers. Each of these types of toxins have unique structural features which are assembled by biosynthetic enzymes and the extent of information known about these enzymes varies among each class. The biosynthetic enzymes involved in the formation of these toxins have the potential to become useful tools in the efficient synthesis of VGSC probes. 相似文献
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葡萄酒作为一种酒精饮料,对众多国家的经济贡献是显著的。然而,该商品容易被某些真菌产生的霉菌毒素所污染,其中最受关注的是产赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A, OTA)的炭黑曲霉。赭曲霉毒素A是葡萄酒中主要存在的霉菌毒素,严重影响着人类的健康。因此,葡萄酒的风险监测和暴露研究至关重要。本研究重点阐述了OTA的生物合成途径及其调控机制,同时,介绍了酿酒过程中OTA的变化情况以及控制和检测OTA的方法,旨在为保证葡萄酒产品的质量安全提供一些理论参考。 相似文献
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The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an important model organism for the study of fundamental questions in eukaryotic cell and molecular biology. A plethora of cellular processes are membrane associated and/or dependent on the proper functioning of cellular membranes. Phospholipids are not only the basic building blocks of cellular membranes; they also serve as precursors to numerous signaling molecules. In this review, we describe the biosynthetic pathways leading to major S. pombe phospholipids, how these pathways are regulated, and what is known about degradation and turnover of fission yeast phospholipids. This review also addresses the synthesis, regulation and the role of water-soluble phospholipid precursors. The last chapter of the review is devoted to the use of S. pombe for the biotechnological production of value-added lipid molecules. 相似文献
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Zizhan Li Kate Howell Zhongxiang Fang Pangzhen Zhang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2020,19(1):247-281
Grapes are an important global horticultural product, and are mainly used for winemaking. Typically, grapes and wines are rich in various phytochemicals, including phenolics, terpenes, pyrazines, and benzenoids, with different compounds responsible for different nutritional and sensory properties. Among these compounds, sesquiterpenes, a subcategory of the terpenes, are attracting increasing interest as they affect aroma and have potential health benefits. The characteristics of sesquiterpenes in grapes and wines in terms of classification, biosynthesis pathway, and active functions have not been extensively reviewed. This paper summarizes 97 different sesquiterpenes reported in grapes and wines and reviews their biosynthesis pathways and relevant bio‐regulation mechanisms. This review further discusses the functionalities of these sesquiterpenes including their aroma contribution to grapes and wines and potential health benefits, as well as how winemaking processes affect sesquiterpene concentrations. 相似文献
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Dr. Camila M. Crnkovic Dr. Jana Braesel Dr. Aleksej Krunic Prof. Dr. Alessandra S. Eustáquio Prof. Dr. Jimmy Orjala 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(6):845-852
Cyanobactins are a large family of cyanobacterial ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) often associated with biological activities, such as cytotoxicity, antiviral, and antimalarial activities. They are traditionally described as cyclic molecules containing heterocyclized amino acids. However, this definition has been recently challenged by the discovery of short, linear cyanobactins containing three to five amino acids as well as cyanobactins containing no heterocyclized residues. Herein we report the discovery of scytodecamide ( 1 ) from the freshwater cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. UIC 10036. Structural elucidation based on mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and Marfey's method revealed 1 to be a linear decapeptide with an N-terminal N-methylation and a C-terminal amidation. The genome of Scytonema sp. UIC 10036 was sequenced, and bioinformatic analysis revealed a cyanobactin-like biosynthetic gene cluster consistent with the structure of 1 . The discovery of 1 as a novel linear peptide containing an N-terminal N-methylation and a C-terminal amidation expands the chemical and genetic diversity of the cyanobactin family of compounds. 相似文献