Stem Photosynthesis—A Key Element of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Acclimatisation to Salinity

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) is a leguminous plant of outstanding tolerance to abiotic stress. The aim of the presented study was to describe the mechanism of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) photosynthetic apparatus acclimatisation strategies to salinity stress. The seedlings were cultivated in a hydroponic system in media containing various concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, and 100 mM), imitating none, moderate, and severe salinity, respectively, for three weeks. In order to characterise the function and structure of the photosynthetic apparatus, Chl a fluorescence, gas exchange measurements, proteome analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis were done inter alia. Significant differences in the response of the leaf and stem photosynthetic apparatus to severe salt stress were observed. Leaves became the place of harmful ion (Na⁺) accumulation, and the efficiency of their carboxylation decreased sharply. In turn, in stems, the reconstruction of the photosynthetic apparatus (antenna and photosystem complexes) activated alternative electron transport pathways, leading to effective ATP synthesis, which is required for the efficient translocation of Na⁺ to leaves. These changes enabled efficient stem carboxylation and made them the main source of assimilates. The observed changes indicate the high plasticity of grass pea photosynthetic apparatus, providing an effective mechanism of tolerance to salinity stress.     

A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with in situ X-ray micro-tomography scanning

The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is presented. In conjunction with an X-ray micro-tomography (termed as X-ray μCT hereafter) facility and advanced image processing techniques, this apparatus can be used for in situ investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under shear. The apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of \mathrm{8}\hspace{0.17em}\mathrm{mm}\times \mathrm{16}\hspace{0.17em}\mathrm{mm} (diameter \times height). In situ triaxial testing of a 0.4–0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand (LBS) under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is presented. The evolutions of local porosities (i.e., the porosities of regions associated with individual particles), particle kinematics (i.e., particle translation and particle rotation) of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis techniques. Meanwhile, a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle tracking. It is found that the sample, with nearly homogenous initial local porosities, starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric stress. In the post-peak shear stage, large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized band. The developed triaxial apparatus, in its combined use of X-ray μCT imaging techniques, is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.     

GOLPH3 Regulates EGFR in T98G Glioblastoma Cells by Modulating Its Glycosylation and Ubiquitylation

Protein trafficking is altered when normal cells acquire a tumor phenotype. A key subcellular compartment in regulating protein trafficking is the Golgi apparatus, but its role in carcinogenesis is still not well defined. Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3), a peripheral membrane protein mostly localized at the trans-Golgi network, is overexpressed in several tumor types including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most lethal primary brain tumor. Moreover, GOLPH3 is currently considered an oncoprotein, however its precise function in GBM is not fully understood. Here, we analyzed in T98G cells of GBM, which express high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the effect of stable RNAi-mediated knockdown of GOLPH3. We found that silencing GOLPH3 caused a significant reduction in the proliferation of T98G cells and an unexpected increase in total EGFR levels, even at the cell surface, which was however less prone to ligand-induced autophosphorylation. Furthermore, silencing GOLPH3 decreased EGFR sialylation and fucosylation, which correlated with delayed ligand-induced EGFR downregulation and its accumulation at endo-lysosomal compartments. Finally, we found that EGF failed at promoting EGFR ubiquitylation when the levels of GOLPH3 were reduced. Altogether, our results show that GOLPH3 in T98G cells regulates the endocytic trafficking and activation of EGFR likely by affecting its extent of glycosylation and ubiquitylation.     

关于提升装载机电子秤检定结果测量准确度的探讨

装载机电子秤广泛应用于货场、建筑工地,如何使检定结果准确可靠,本文对自动衡器检定装置标准器量值的管理方法进行了一些探讨。     

关于低压电器设备中常用的电磁理论问题的探讨

本文介绍了电磁理论在低压电器设备中应用的几个问题，通过对几个问题的分析，有助于低压电器设备的设计，制造，使用和维护。     

电子衡器特殊故障的分析及处理

因为电子衡器在安装与调试过程中出现的较为特殊的故障，难以找出正确的起因与处理方法，所以介绍了如何保证电子衡器的正常使用和计量准确性的工作体会。     

GM300电台的调试原理及方法

GM300电台是一种性能优良的电台，目前在我国的地震勘探领域广泛应用。与其它类型的电台相比，GM300电台的调试方法完全不同。掌握其调试原理及方法是对该类电台进行正确维护的基础。本文从分析GM300电台调试原理入手，总结了该电台的调试方法。     

导向钻井系统在多目标大井斜定向井中的应用

详细介绍了C-D井在钻进过程中井眼轨迹的控制过程,总结了在C-D井中使用导向钻井系统的成功经验。用1根导向马达、2套钻具组合、3只牙轮钻头顺利地完成了定向、增斜、稳斜及降斜,7个目标点一次击中,且最小靶心距仅0.99m。用15d完成了这口斜深2287.09m、井斜58.40°、水平位移903.11m的多目标定向井,钻穿目标点之多、实钻井眼剖面符合率之高、施工难度之大、速度之快,在目前国内都处于领先地位。     

连续式超临界流体萃取进卸料装置

概括了超临界流体萃取技术和包括连续式操作在内的超临界流体萃取装置的研究现状 ,提出了一种通过球形进、卸料器完成固相物料超临界流体萃取连续化进卸料的装置 ,介绍了该装置的结构和工作原理 ,给出装置中各主要部件的计算方法。     

蝶阀加工及装配工艺的研究

传统工艺加工阀体、活门时，对机床的性能要求较高，一般为数控镗床。介绍了一种采用普通镗床加工阀体、活门的工艺方法及蝶阀在厂内装配的工艺方法。