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1.
针对冷轧高强HC250IF带钢冲压分层问题,通过化学成分分析、显微组织观察及能谱分析等手段,明确了铸坯中心P偏析是导致成品带钢冲压分层的根本原因。为此,采取钢水过热度20~30 ℃稳定浇注、提高连铸二冷水冷却强度、投用电磁搅拌、凝固末端精准定位、增加动态轻压下量等措施,有效改善了铸坯中心P偏析,杜绝了冷轧高强HC250IF带钢冲压分层问题。  相似文献   
2.
Dense high-entropy (Hf,Zr,Ti,Ta,Nb)B2 ceramics with Nb contents ranging from 0 to 20 at% were produced by a two-step spark plasma sintering process. X-ray diffraction indicated that a single-phase with hexagonal structure was detected in the composition without Nb. In contrast, two phases with the same hexagonal structure, but slightly different lattice parameters were present in compositions containing Nb. The addition of Nb resulted in the presence of a Nb-rich second phase and the amount of the second phase increased as the Nb content increased. The relative densities were all >99.5 %, but decreased from ~100 % to ~99.5 % as the Nb content increased from 0 to 20 at%. The average grain size decreased from 13.9 ± 5.5 μm for the composition without Nb additions to 5.2 ± 2.0 μm for the composition containing 20 at% Nb. The reduction of grain size with increasing Nb content was due to the suppression of grain growth by the Nb-rich second phase. The addition of Nb increased Young’s modulus and Vickers hardness, but decreased shear modulus. While some Nb dissolved into the main phase, a Nb-rich second phase was formed in all Nb-containing compositions.  相似文献   
3.
人工地层冻结法是沿海地区软黏土进行地层加固的一种常见绿色工法,地下空间开挖的大型及复杂化使目前冻结法面临更加复杂的渗流环境。为此,通过分凝冻胀理论刚性冰模型的三维化推广,建立能考虑水分迁移的热-水-力耦合作用冻胀融沉模型,以模拟复杂渗流环境下的人工冻结工程。基于模型使用COMSOL有限元进行模拟,与同尺寸室内模型试验数据进行对比,验证该模型在复杂渗流环境组合地层(软黏土、粉细砂)冻结中的适用性。模拟结果表明:在组合地层条件下,渗流会削减冻结稳定时冻结帷幕的厚度;当速度大于1.2 m/d时,冻结帷幕将不能达到设计厚度;冻结帷幕靠近渗流边界的一侧冻胀力增长缓慢、冻胀力的最大值较低;渗流致使地表产生不均匀沉降,下游区域的沉降量更大。利用已验证模型对组合地层渗流作用下的冻结法施工进行模拟预测,提出结合组合地层渗流因素的隧道安全冻结法分级标准,为冻结法在沿海更复杂渗流环境下的施工安全与预警提供依据。  相似文献   
4.
Bulk and surface properties of proton stability and transportation in Y and Nd co-doped BaCeO3 (BCYN), especially the effect of Nd segregation, were investigated by first-principles calculations. Since the structure of doped BaCeO3 at the operating temperature of proton-conducting has been unclear for a long time, we have summarized the latest experimental results and calculated the structure of the asymmetric BCYN for the first time. The results show that compared with Y, Nd doping promotes oxygen vacancy formation, however reduces proton stability. Our calculation can also provide a possible explanation for the formation of space charge layer at the grain boundary of doped BaCeO3 in experiment. Unlike the stable Y in BCYN, Nd is calculated to be easily segregated, which can facilitate both proton hydration and proton transportation near the surface. Moreover, Nd segregation at the grain boundary is predicted to be beneficial for proton transportation between grains.  相似文献   
5.
Zinc-based flow batteries receive widespread attention due to their advantages of low cost and high energy density. However, zinc dendrites are easy to appear during the charge process, pierce the membrane and thus destroy the battery, which seriously restrict its further development. In this article, MFI-type zeolite nanosheets (ns-MFIs) with high mechanical strength and hydrophobicity are in situ introduced to porous polymer membranes, which spontaneously form turnup fish-scale-like structure through the one-step phase inversion/surface segregation process. This special structure well disperses mechanical energy to provide effective protection characteristics to resist the penetration of zinc dendrites, and meanwhile promotes the uniform zinc depositions on the electrode by alleviating the water migration and accelerating zincate ion diffusion, so as to prolong the cycle life of the battery for more than 600 cycles, which is 4 times and 2.5 times longer than the commercial Nafion 212 and pristine porous polymer membrane, respectively. Moreover, the sub-nano size pores and high-aspect-ratio of ns-MFIs afford membranes extra ion sieving ability and transport area for the charging-balancing ions OH to ensure superior battery performance, delivering an average coulombic efficiency (CE) of ~98.5%, voltage efficiency (VE) of ~83.2%, and energy efficiency (EE) of ~81.9% at 80 mA/cm2.  相似文献   
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This study is aimed at unveiling the influence of binary mixtures of nonspherical particles on hopper discharge behavior, which remains poorly understood. The discrete element method (DEM) is employed to simulate seven particle types with aspect ratios between 0 and 2 (namely, a sphere, two ellipsoids, two cylinders, and two cuboids) with the same volume. Seven monodisperse systems and twelve binary-shape mixtures are assessed. For the monodisperse systems, particle shape is the dominant factor dictating discharge rate, compared to other factors like aspect ratio, preferential orientation, and packing. Regarding the binary-shape mixtures, the discharge rates are similar for all twelve mixtures, reflecting a surprising lack of shape effects, which in turn means the negligible impact of solid volume fraction, aspect ratio, and segregation extent. Moreover, collision force is generally negatively correlated with discharge rate.  相似文献   
8.
TiB2 exhibits a unique combination of excellent properties that make it promising candidate for applications in extreme environments, where retention of strength at high temperatures is essential. Tailoring grain boundary properties by segregation is believed a prominent way to design high-temperature performance of ceramics. In this work, segregation tendencies of solute elements, including Sc, Y, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W, in TiB2 grain boundaries and the strengthening/weakening effects induced by segregations are investigated by first-principles calculations. The results reveal that small atoms tend to segregate to grain boundary sites with local compression strains, while large atoms prefer grain boundary sites with local expansion strains. Deteriorated grain boundary strength is usually caused by additional expansion strain induced by segregation, while improved grain boundary strength results from either enhanced local bonding induced by segregation of small atoms or increased fracture strain due to segregation of large atoms. Cr and V, especially Cr, exhibit strong segregation tendency and improvement on grain boundary strength, which provides useful guidelines for the design of high performance TiB2-based materials.  相似文献   
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10.
银基钎料铸锭微区成分及组织的变化规律   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
钎料铸锭成分均匀性及组织形态是钎料成形的初始条件,对钎料塑性加工性能及加工后组织有重大的影响. 通过OM,SEM和EDS等分析测试手段,研究了BAg30CuZnSn钎料铸锭的微区成分变化规律. 结果表明,BAg30CuZnSn钎料铸锭中,沿径向由外向内方向,Ag元素含量逐渐降低,Cu,Zn元素含量逐渐升高. 冒口处,由下到上,Ag元素含量逐渐降低,Cu,Zn元素含量逐渐升高. 成分的变化导致铸锭组织发生变化,从铸锭外部到中心部位,晶粒尺寸逐渐粗大,呈现出由最初的随机分布转向成簇分布. 铸锭中心位置出现Ag元素含量较高的枝晶,为银的富集相.  相似文献   
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