Nanovaccine-Mediated Cell Selective Delivery of Neoantigens Potentiating Adoptive Dendritic Cell Transfer for Personalized Immunization

Neoantigen vaccines and adoptive dendritic cell (DC) transfer are major clinical approaches to initiate personalized immunity in cancer patients. However, the immunization efficacy is largely limited by the in vivo trajectory including neoantigens’ access to resident DCs and DCs’ access to lymph nodes (LNs). Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to improve personalized immunization through neoantigen-loaded nanovaccines synergized with adoptive DC transfer. It is found that it enables selective delivery of neoantigens to resident DCs and macrophages by coating cancer cell membranes onto neoantigen-loaded nanoparticles. In addition, the nanovaccines promote the secretion of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, and C-X-C motif ligand 10 from macrophages, thus potentiating the access of transferred DCs to LNs. This immunization strategy enables coordinated delivery of identified neoantigens and autologous tumor lysate-derived undefined antigens, leading to initiation of antitumor T cell immunity in a personalized manner. It significantly inhibits tumor growth in prophylactic and established mouse tumor models. The findings provide a new vision for potentiating adoptive cell transfer by nanovaccines, which may open the door to a transformative possibility for improving personalized immunization.     

新鲜蒜黄香气活性成分分析鉴定

为分析鉴定新鲜蒜黄的香气活性成分,将新鲜蒜黄加水和二氯甲烷匀浆后进行溶剂辅助蒸发处理,获得风味萃取物。风味萃取物采用气-质联机分析检测出39个挥发性化合物,采用稀释法/气相色谱-嗅闻分析检测出35个气味活性区。根据质谱、保留指数、嗅闻的气味、相关文献,鉴定出35个香气活性化合物,其中3-乙烯基-1,2-二硫环己-4-烯、2-乙烯基噻吩、2,3-二甲基噻吩、二甲基三硫醚、二烯丙基二硫醚、1-氧-4,6-二氧杂环辛烷-5-硫酮、2-甲基二氢-3(2H)噻吩酮具有极高稀释因子(log₃FD ≥ 6),表明对新鲜蒜黄风味贡献大。本实验样品处理条件温和,最大化保持了新鲜蒜黄的风味,研究结果可为蒜黄的贮藏加工及开发利用提供指导。     

预熟化对谷物煮制时间及营养成分影响研究

拟开发大米、小米、玉米、藜麦4种谷物预熟化的工艺路线,使用水浴加热方式对4种谷物进行处理。以各谷物的煮制时间、淀粉、还原性糖、蛋白质的含量作为评价指标,采用控制变量法对此工艺条件进行优化,谷物按直接干燥和-20℃冷冻后干燥两种方式进行处理,结果表明,大米预熟化较佳的工艺路线为:浸泡米水质量比1∶3,在80℃下水浴2 h,经-20℃冷冻后干燥,煮制时间为4 min。小米预熟化较佳的工艺路线为:浸泡米水质量比1∶2,在60℃下水浴2 h,经-20℃冷冻后干燥,煮制时间为3 min。玉米预熟化较佳的工艺路线为:浸泡米水质量比1∶3,在60℃下水浴2 h,经-20℃冷冻后干燥,煮制时间为4 min。藜麦预熟化较佳的工艺路线为:浸泡米水质量比为1∶2,在80℃水浴下加热3 h,经-20℃冷冻后干燥,煮制时间为3 min。     

微波等离子体原子发射光谱法(MP-AES)测定出口营养强化剂中十种元素

建立了一种微波等离子体原子发射光谱(MP-AES)测定出口营养强化剂中元素快速分析的方法,测定了八种石家庄辖区出口营养强化剂中Zn、Cd、Cu、Ni、Fe、Pb、Mn、V、Al、Cr十种元素的含量。实验结果表明,样品测定值均满足试验要求,各元素标准曲线线性良好,线性相关系数R2≥0.999,加标回收率在80.00%~115.00%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。且MP-AES法使用氮气作为助燃气,比传统方法安全经济。该方法可一次测定十种元素,精密度及回收率良好、经济、快捷,可作为营养强化剂元素快速分析方法。     

并联有源滤波器的改进重复控制策略研究

针对三相整流负载产生的6k±1次谐波,提出静止坐标系下的改进型6k±1重复控制策略。同时将比例控制与改进型重复控制相结合,设计改进重复控制并联比例的复合控制结构。为减小改进重复控制中延时环节不为整数的影响,采用基于Lagrange插值近似的FIR滤波器逼近分数延时特性。最后对系统进行稳定性分析和详细设计方法进行推导。通过Matlab仿真验证改进重复控制策略能有效跟踪6k±1次谐波且具有良好的补偿效果,动态响应较快。     

Hypoxia induced apoptosis of rat gastric mucosal cells by activating autophagy through HIF-1α/TERT/mTORC1 pathway

The pathogenesis of high altitude-related gastric mucosal injury remains poorly understood, this study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in hypoxia-induced apoptosis of rat gastric mucosal cells. Rats were randomized into four groups which were maintained at an altitude of 400 m (P) or received no treatment (H), autophagy inducer rapamycin (H+AI) or autophagy inhibitor 3-MA (H+AB) at an altitude of 4,300 m for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively, and the morphology, ultrastructure, autophagy, and apoptosis of gastric mucosal tissues were examined. Gastric mucosal epithelial cells CC-R039 were cultured under conditions of normoxia, 2% O2 (hypoxia), or 2% O2+anti-mTORC1 for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, and the autophagy and apoptosis were analyzed. CC-R039 cells were transfected with siHIF-1α, siTERT, or siRNA and the autophagy was examined. The results showed that the exposure to hypoxia increased the autophagy and apoptosis of gastric mucosal cells in rats, and apoptosis was aggravated by rapamycin treatment but alleviated by 3-MA treatment. Increased duration of hypoxia from 0 to 72 h could increase the autophagy and apoptosis but decrease the proliferation of gastric mucosal cells. Inhibition of mTORC1 with rapamycin led to further increase in apoptosis and even substantial cell death, and inhibition of HIF- 1α and TERT increased mTORC1 expression and reduced autophagy. Moreover, the inhibition of HIF-1α reduced TERT expression. In conclusion, hypoxia could induce apoptosis of rat gastric mucosal cells by activating autophagy through HIF-1α/TERT/mTORC1 pathway     

风力机叶片涂层冲蚀磨损实验装置的设计

风力发电机叶片在风沙环境中运行时会受到挟沙风的冲蚀,导致叶片表面涂层损毁并且降低叶片使用寿命,同时也增加叶片的维护成本。为了探究风力机叶片受挟沙风冲蚀磨损情况,研制一种涂层冲蚀磨损实验装置,该实验装置以压缩空气为动力,通过压缩空气气管接通气源。压缩空气在冲蚀管中建立工作压力,在冲蚀管内完成沙料和压缩空气充分混合,形成高速运动的挟沙风;再利用PLC控制步进电动机转速,通过螺旋推进器进行输沙率控制,由冲蚀管喷嘴喷出,喷射到风力机叶片模型表面对其进行冲蚀磨损实验。该冲蚀装置可实现多种冲击风速、携沙量、冲击角度的多工况磨损实验,能够提供较为精确的实验数据。     

基于多源大数据的传统商业中心区动静特征与规律解析——以广州上下九商业区为例

空间形态大数据在空间上具有静态、精细等特征,是研究城市静态规律的基本;手机信令大数据具有时间上的动态性、个体定位的精准性,是研究城市动态规律的重要工具。广州上下九商业区,是中国传统商业中心区的代表。以广州上下九商业区为例,一方面,利用空间形态大数据,进行高度,强度,密度的静态空间刻画;另一方面,利用手机信令大数据,从出行距离、时长、时段等多个视角,刻画上下九地区人群活动动态结构,以及动态时空出行行为关系,总结上下九人群时空分布规律以及与外界的时空行为联系特征。综上所述,从动静两个维度,总结出上下九商业中心区空间的活动特征和变化规律,为传统城市商业中心区的空间活力规律研究提供了实证支持。     

铬(Ⅵ)-Rh6G-溴酸钾体系催化动力学荧光法测定痕量铬

在醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲溶液中,铬(Ⅵ)催化溴酸钾氧化罗丹明6G(Rh6G)使其荧光强度减弱,据此建立一种催化动力学光度法测定环境水中铬(Ⅵ)的新方法。优化了反应和测定条件。该反应体系中Rh6G的最大发射波长λmax=555 nm。荧光值改变值与铬(Ⅵ)的浓度在0.01~0.14μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为3.46 ng/mL,相对标准偏差4.96%,加标回收率为95.5%~102.9%。