Owner’s Risk Allocation and Contractor’s Role Behavior in a Project: A Parallel-mediation Model

Risk allocation decisions are of critical importance in project management. The present study proposes an explanation for how risk allocation in a contract motivates a contractor to cooperate with a project owner. Theories of risk allocation and trust were used to motivate the research. Using a survey methodology, we collected data concerning 124 construction projects in China. We found that risk allocation influenced the contractor’s role behavior through the contractor’s feeling of being trusted but not the contractor’s trust in the owner. Feeling of being trusted partially mediated the effect of risk allocation on the contractor’s in-role (i.e., contractual) behavior and fully mediated the effect on extra-role behavior. The study introduces a social and psychological view of the impacts of risk allocation to the project and engineering management literature. We contribute to theory by arguing and demonstrating the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between risk allocation and contractor behavior. From a practical standpoint, we conclude that contractual risk allocation has a significant impact on building a trusting relationship between owners and contractors and that contractors who feel trusted perform both contractually mandated actions and actions external to the contract more diligently, resulting in the likelihood of improved outcomes for both parties.     

白豹-南梁地区长4+5_1油层组储层特征及综合评价研究

鄂尔多斯盆地白豹-南梁地区延长组长4+5油层段是重要的储集层之一,包括长4+51和长4+52。由于白豹-南梁地区长4+51油气富集规律尚未明确,亦有必要对白豹-南梁地区4+51储层开展评价。通过岩心铸体薄片、物性分析、压汞分析等资料对研究区长4+51储层特征进行了研究。结果表明,研究区岩石类型以长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,分选性以中-好为主,磨圆度以次棱角状为主;孔隙类型主要为粒间孔、长石溶孔,孔隙空间分选性较差,喉道分布不集中;研究区整体以Ⅱ类储层分布为主。     

Effect of in-app components,medium, and screen size of electronic textbooks on reading performance,behavior, and perception

Although many app-based textbooks are available for students, reading have not been thoroughly outlined. This study aimed to understand how changes from paper to electronic textbooks have affected the academic reading task, investigate student users’ perceptions of in-app components and screen sizes, and identify issues affecting in-app components and task requirements. A mixed factorial design experiment was employed. Results showed that there were no significant changes in comprehension and time spent reading between print text and the iPad. Yet, student highlighting, notetaking, and reading behavior and perception significantly changed based on condition. In addition, students struggled to use in-app components and found them frustrating especially when accounting for sentence splitting. The findings presented can assist in understanding the changes in student reading behavior, which can be used to improve interface design of future e-textbooks.     

诊改视域下师生课堂互动行为研究

提升教学质量是高职院校人才培养工作的永恒主题。在信息化时代的今天,信息技术的融合为课堂教学的诊断与评估提供了新的视角。本文在弗兰德斯互动分析理论(FIAS)基础上,基于应用软件,对高校师生课堂互动行为进行研究。自动生成合理的分析报告,可为教师提升教学能力提供反思和改进的依据,帮助教师在教学过程中发现问题并及时诊改。     

2024A铝合金高温流变行为及本构关系研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对2024A铝合金进行等温热轧,对其高温流变行为进行了研究。通过试验获得2024A铝合金在温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1时的真应力-真应变曲线。结果表明,2024A铝合金的流变应力与温度、应变速率和变形量之间呈非线性关系,流变应力随着应变速率增大而升高,随着变形温度的升高而降低。基于试验数据,分别建立考虑应变补偿的Arrhenius和修正的Johnson-Cook(M-JC)本构模型,引入统计学方法对模型精度进行量化评估:Arrhenius模型的平均相对误差和均方根误差分别为5.02%和5.88MPa,M-JC模型的平均相对误差和均方根误差分别为3.72%和5.27MPa,可见M-JC模型预测精度优于Arrhenius模型,说明M-JC模型能更为准确地描述2024A铝合金的高温轧制过程中的流变行为。     

Structural Characteristics and Contemporary Value of Traditional Water Cultural Landscapes in Huizhou Region

Water culture is one of the key issues in Water Ecological Civilization. China’s traditional water cultural landscape embodies rich water cultures, and have a significance in related research and protection practice. This paper proposes the concept of “water cultural landscape,” that is, the landscape formed through humans’ environmental alteration during water activities—including how people use, transform, and manage it. The traditional water cultural landscapes in Huizhou Region have developed over hundreds of years, reflecting the locals’ wisdom in sustainable water use. The water cultural landscape in Huizhou Region should be interpreted as a systematic notion, in which all landscape elements such as ponds, weirs, and shuikous are interdependent, composing the landscape components e.g. valleys, hills, and basins, and establishing water security patterns for cities, towns, villages, and for production. The traditional water cultural landscape in Huizhou Region requires local generations’ long-term maintenance and management, and in turn it is also vital to Huizhou people's life and Huizhou culture. Today, it acts as an ecological infrastructure for sponge countryside and sponge city construction, and an important resource for heritage protection and tourism development.     

Toward a new generic behavior model for human centered system simulation

The simulation of Human Centered Systems (HCS) has attracted increasingly attention in recent research. These systems involve individuals playing key roles, such as workers in manufacturing systems, soldiers in military operations, and investors in stock markets. The complexity simulating such systems is due to the need for modeling individual and group behavior and the integration of psychological and socio-technical aspects that can affect individual and HCS global performance. Although several models have been proposed to simulate such systems, most of them suffer from limitations pertaining to the integration of some factors, an inadequacy that will be discussed and elaborated on in this paper. The current study presents a new model for HCS simulation based on recent social and psychological theories. A model implementation example involving the simulation of a manufacturing system, considered as a HCS, is presented.     

“边界层”在多种化工单元操作中的体现

诸多的化工单元操作过程中,普遍存在着"边界层"现象。"边界层"的存在对化工单元的操作过程会产生明显的影响。本文描述和类比了多种"边界层"的特征,并在物理化学的知识层面上对其产生机理进行了阐述,最后指出通过削弱边界层可以提高动量传递、质量传递和热量传递的速率和效率。     

基于行为自适应的台钻主轴轴径视觉测量策略

鉴于视觉测量过程行为的多样性与影响关系的复杂性,提出基于行为自适应的台钻主轴视觉测量新策略。采用周向分工位采集图像与轴向分段提取轮廓结合的组合采样法获取被测信息,并建立了主轴轴径视觉测量系统;设计曝光自适应图像采集、图像批处理、误差反馈闭环测量等功能集成的行为自适应视觉测量流程并开发相应软件。以某型号台钻主轴为对象,开展曝光区间自适应优选实验,多工位、多轴、多采样方案测量实验误差分析与稳定性评定。结果表明：所提出的行为自适应测量策略通过获取测量行为变化对测量误差的影响,形成闭环测量,可有效提高测量的稳定性,不仅满足台钻主轴高精度轴段测量需求,还有利于推动测量智能化发展。     

低温硫化NR/BR并用胶的硫化特性及其力学性能研究

采用异丙基黄原酸钠SIP、N-乙基-N-苯基二硫代氨基甲酸PX的复合促进剂体系(用量分别为1.5phhr和0.5phhr)可使天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶(并用比为70∶30)在90℃~95℃内快速硫化,硫化特性符合缓冲胶工艺的要求,但其性能与HG/T 4124-2009《预硫化缓冲胶》存在一定的差距。