Embedding social inclusiveness and appropriateness in engineering assessment of green infrastructure to enhance urban resilience

ABSTRACT

Urban resilience emerges not only from ‘what’ is done in relation to critical infrastructure systems, but in the ‘how’ of their conception, co-creation and integration into complex socio-ecological-technical systems. For green infrastructure, where ownership and agency may be distributed amongst organisations and diverse communities, inclusiveness and appropriateness require embedding in engineering assessments of green infrastructure and resilience. Through consideration of past, present and future engineering and resilience assessments – from monetising, through greening, to humanising – this paper examines the ways in which GI may be or has already contributed to enhancing urban resilience and types of assessment and indicators that have been or could be used. We suggest that enhancing visibility of the ‘whos’ (individuals, communities) is crucial to fully diversifying assessments. We also suggest some ideas for additional indicators and assert that co-production of future indicators needs to be undertaken with appropriate professionals (e.g. social impact assessment professionals).     

“兼容并包”与“思想自由”——蔡元培“兼容并包”理念的比较分析

"兼容并包"的办学理念是蔡元培先生将"思想自由"的西方大学理念与传统中国文化加以融合后提出来的。时间虽已过去了将近一个世纪,但"兼容并包"的办学理念仍然不乏新意,对当今教育有着重要的启示作用。"兼容并包"的办学理念是蔡元培先生将"思想自由"的西方大学理念与传统中国文化加以融合后提出来的。时间虽已过去了将近一个世纪,但"兼容并包"的办学理念仍然不乏新意,对当今教育有着重要的启示作用。     

基于自我意识的agent通信语言包容性研究

针对主流agent通信语言在描述通信内容及其语义时存在一定的局限性问题,提出了基于自我意识的agent通信语言(ACLBSC)并对其包容性进行研究。首先,研究了基于自我意识的agent结构及其含义,证明基于自我意识的agent通信语言能理解其结构与含义并将其转换为通信内容;其次,分析了主流agent通信语言的语用词及其语义,研究了用基于自我意识的agent通信语言对主流agent通信语言的包容;最后通过具体通信实例对比了不同通信语言的包容性。结果表明基于自我意识的agent通信语言不仅能够很好地包容主流agent通信语言,还能模拟人类的通信模式,方便agent之间对通信内容的理解。     

Project manager's perception of the local communities' stakeholder in megaprojects. An empirical investigation in the UK

Based on an exploratory study conducted in the UK using thematic and cluster analysis, this paper investigates how the local communities' stakeholder is perceived, defined and categorized by project managers in major public infrastructure and construction projects (MPIC), and how their involvement could improve the performance of these projects. Due to the perceived benefits shortfall of MPIC, well organized actions from ‘secondary stakeholder’ groups have led to delays, cost overruns, and significant damage to the organization's reputation. Stakeholder management is an essential process which aims to maximize positive inputs and minimize detrimental attitudes by taking into account the needs and requirements of all project stakeholders. However, current project stakeholder management mechanisms are reactive rather than proactive, mainly offering an instrumental perspective, which aims to make the stakeholders comply with project needs. Therefore, a broader inclusiveness of secondary stakeholders who could be harmed by the organization's strategy, such as the local communities, is required to enhance the performance of MPIC.     

抵抗设计排斥的城市公园包容性设计理论

城市公园存在较为明显的游憩使用分异,弱势群体的游憩机会及游憩体验得不到保障。为了实现公园游憩的景观公正,包容性设计理念逐渐受到关注。首先,通过文献研究与分析引入设计排斥的概念,对包容性设计的内涵、对象及目标做进一步界定,认为包容性设计即通过抵抗设计排斥来解决城市公园的游憩不公正问题。其次,分析被动排斥与主动排斥的产生过程及影响因素,指出包容性包括游憩者外在使用需求的包容及内在心理感知的包容。最后,基于对包容性内涵的理解,指出包容性设计的研究视角应关注各类游憩者的能力及使用需求差异、群体间使用需求的重叠与冲突、游憩者对场地的使用方式及积极的情感体验,重点设计出适合各类群体的多样化空间、促进有序社会交往的共享空间,并借助通用设计方法与场所依恋理论提升游憩者对场地的场所认同感。     

“人居三”、《新城市议程》及其对我国的启示

"人居三"大会总结了全球人居环境领域20年来的成就,是对《2030年可持续发展议程》的重要落实与支撑。《新城市议程》提出通过良好的社会治理结构、优良的规划设计和有效的财政支撑,最大程度发挥城镇化的积极作用,应对气候变化、社会分异等全球性挑战。《新城市议程》倡导社会包容、规划良好、环境永续、经济繁荣的新的城市范式,对全球的城市与区域规划工作提出新的挑战。     

中国画气质之研讨

通过对当代中国传统绘画所面临的机遇和挑战进行分析,从中国画自身的审美原则、社会文化背案、文化内涵角度出发,提出只有体会到中国画显现的气质所在,才能真正体验传统绘画的特定语言与现代人类文明状态所存在的有机联系,促进中国画继续向前发展。基此,文字归纳出中国画的气质表现3个特点：“雅”、“厚”、“透”,并认为这些气质、不仅仅是画面本身的表现,同时也是艺术家自身气质、修养和对人生态度的写照。     

航空发动机机匣动力学研究进展与展望

航空发动机整机振动历来是发动机研发设计中不可忽视的重要部分,而机匣作为发动机的骨架,它的振动直接反映了发动机整机振动的水平.本文分析了航空发动机机匣动力学问题及故障分类,综述了机匣动力学的国内外发展现状与趋势、问题及解决的办法,并阐述了航空发动机机匣包容性问题的发展现状,最后提出了适合我国航空发动机技术水平的机匣发展设想.     

包容性语境下的规划价值重塑及学科转型

包容性发展是经济全球化下的必然发展路径,强调机会均等、共享参与、分配公平.在我国城镇化快速推进的时期,包容性成为城市规划解决各类社会矛盾的核心理念.在包容性语境下,规划调节的核心要素由资源转向利益,配置方式由支配转向协调,服务对象由注重人民全体转向个体,功能由空间规划为重转向空间、社会并重.规划不再是一张静态的蓝图,而是一个运用多种技术、政策手段实现复杂目标的政治过程、决策过程.因此,规划的价值选择应更多元,规划学科建设更应注重前瞻性、独立性,增强对科学决策的支撑作用,规划知识体系应扩充完善,规划师的职业技能应注重交流、沟通、引导.     

论标志设计中的“和而不同”

从个性与共性、民族性与时代性、包容性与创新性角度对"和而不同"在标志设计中的应用作出详细分析,进而阐述了"和而不同"在标志设计中的价值和意义.