A Novel Strategy for Preparing Stretchable and Reliable Biphasic Liquid Metal

Low‐melting liquid metal is a hugely promising material for flexible conductive patterns due to its excellent conductivity and supercompliance, especially low‐cost and environmental liquid processing technology. However, the ever‐present fluidity characteristic greatly limits the stable shape and reliability of prepared liquid metal conductive electronics. Herein, a novel solidification strategy of liquid GaIn alloys by Ni doping and heat treatment is first reported, which can efficiently create a solid phase in the liquid metal and provide an effective solution for practical applications. Particularly, the liquid characteristic is preserved for conveniently fabricating different flexible electronic circuits, and then the solidification is carried out on prepared conductive patterns by heat treatment. The solidification mechanism is revealed by the interface chemical reaction between Ni and GaIn, creating the solid phase of intermetallic compound (Ga₄Ni₃ and InNi₃) during heat treatment. Moreover, a biphasic GaInNi can be obtained by regulating the atomic ratio of gallium, indium, and nickel. As a result, the obtained GaInNi possesses extremely low sheet resistance (15 ± 4.5 to 135 ± 2.5 mΩ sq^?1) and the variation of ΔR/R₀ exhibits low level (0–2) when strained up to 100%, which offers a promising strategy to prepare stretchable and reliable liquid metal electronics.     

The flame propagation characteristics and detonation parameters of ammonia/oxygen in a large-scale horizontal tube: As a carbon-free fuel and hydrogen-energy carrier

As a carbon-free fuel and a hydrogen-energy carrier, ammonia is a potential candidate for future energy utilization. Therefore, in order to promote the application of ammonia in detonation engines and to evaluate the safety of ammonia related industrial process, DDT experiments for ammonia/oxygen mixtures with different ERs were carried out in a large-scale horizontal tube. Moreover, pressure transducers and self-developed temperature sensors were applied to record the overpressure and the instantaneous flame temperature during DDT process. The results show that the DDT process in ammonia/oxygen mixtures contains four stages: Slow propagation stage, Flame and pressure wave acceleration stage, Fast propagation and detonation wave formation stage, Detonation wave self-sustained propagation stage. For stoichiometric ammonia/oxygen mixtures, flame front and the leading shock wave propagate one after another with different velocity, until they closely coupled and propagated together with one steady velocity. At the same time, it is found that an interesting retonation wave propagates backward. The peak overpressure, detonation velocity, and flame temperature of the self-sustained detonation are 2 MPa, 2000 m/s and 3500 K, respectively. With the ER increased from 0.6 to 1.6, the detonation velocities and peak overpressures ranged from 2310 m/s to 2480 m/s and 25.6 bar–28.7 bar, respectively. In addition, the detonation parameters of ammonia were compared with those of methane and hydrogen to evaluate the detonation performance and destructiveness of ammonia.     

12R22.5全钢轮胎成型机扇形块形状仿真优化

针对12R22.5全钢轮胎出现的轮胎胎圈部位内凹和胎体帘线抽出等缺陷，利用有限元分析技术对成型机扇形块轮廓形状进行优化。通过扇形块参数调整使其横向压紧力、垂向压紧力和胎圈部位面积达到优化目标，使用优化后的扇形块提高了成型胎坯工艺质量和稳定性，同时延长了成型胶囊使用寿命。     

550L板坯升级轧制600L牌号带钢试验研究

针对高强汽车钢生产合同量小、规格繁多，混浇坯和合同余材多的问题，以550L带钢的生产为例，研究了终轧温度、冷却速率对550L带钢组织以及力学性能的影响。结果表明，粗轧在再结晶区利用大变形量获得细小均匀的奥氏体组织；精轧采用低温轧制，获得内部有大量变形带的扁平状奥氏体组织，可以提高晶界面积，增加相变形核核心和驱动力，在随后的超快密集冷却过程中形成晶粒细小的铁素体组织，充分发挥细晶强化、相变强化、析出强化、位错强化的作用，使其性能达到高级别600L牌号带钢性能，实现了升级轧制，解决了上述问题。     

355 MPa级转向架构架用钢连续冷却转变行为

高速动车组转向架构架对高速动车组的运行品质、行车安全起到至关重要的作用。为向355 MPa级转向架构架用钢的工业试制提供指导，在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上进行了热模拟试验，结合热膨胀法和金相-硬度法，绘制了355 MPa级转向架构架用钢动态连续冷却转变曲线，研究了试验钢在连续冷却条件下的显微组织演变规律。结果表明，冷速小于1 ℃/s时，其组织主要为多边形铁素体和珠光体；冷速大于5 ℃/s时，贝氏体类组织快速增加；冷速达到50 ℃/s时，为板条贝氏体组织。因此，对于355 MPa级转向架构架用钢，冷速控制在1~5 ℃/s较为适宜，其组织主要由比例适中软硬性相结合的铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体构成，可以获得优良的强韧性匹配。     

异戊胶在全钢载重轮胎过渡层中的应用

研究异戊胶在全钢载重轮胎过渡层中的应用,结果表明,异戊胶部分代替复合胶用于过渡层胶中,定伸应力和H抽出力略有下降,但是工艺通过性良好,成品综合性能略有提升。     

应用离子注入和爆炸喷涂技术提高液动锤射流元件寿命

射流元件是射流式液动锤的动力控制元件。其寿命的长短制约着射流式液动锤钻探技术的推广和应用。本文在分析其元件磨损机制的基础上。应用离子注入技术和爆炸喷涂技术对射流元件进行内表面处理。从而提高射流元件的使用寿命。     

分级循环加卸载作用下花岗岩变形破坏研究

以地下深部花岗岩为试验材料,利用GAW-2000微机控制电液伺服岩石单轴试验机进行分级循环加卸载试验,研究在同一递增荷载幅度条件下,试件的抗压强度、变形、破坏特征、残余应变以及弹性模量的变化趋势。结果表明：在单轴分级循环加卸载试验作用下,岩样的峰值强度随着每级循环次数的增加呈现递减趋势,且单调荷载应力-应变曲线包络住循环荷载应力-应变曲线；岩样破坏特征主要以剪切破坏为主,随着循环次数增加,破坏裂纹更加分散；岩样在加载过程中,岩体内部的结构在不断地调整,导致结构面变得密集与裂隙间更加闭合,卸载时回弹变形有滞后现象,加载起点与卸载终点不重合；轴向弹性、残余应变与环向弹性、残余应变随循环次数变化的规律具有相似性,岩样弹性模量曲线的趋势以“波浪形”的规律交替变化。     

基于TOUGHREACT模拟分析黄铁矿对酸法地浸采铀的影响

酸法地浸采铀过程中,铀矿的伴生矿黄铁矿作为非目标矿物会消耗氧化剂和酸。为探明酸法浸铀过程中因黄铁矿溶解产生的变化规律,本文以巴彦乌拉铀矿采铀过程为例,采用六注二抽的“网格式”井型构建二维酸法地浸采铀模型进行模拟研究,在抽注平衡的条件下,模型中只考虑黄铁矿(FeS₂),沥青铀矿(UO₂),与石英(SiO₂)。结果表明：1)模拟结束后(1000 d),在抽注单元控制的地下水流场作用下,边界处注液井的黄铁矿溶解范围呈两极分化,最远处抵达抽液孔,为30 m,最近仅距注液井8.4 m,而中间处注液井的黄铁矿溶解范围最远达27.8 m,最近达8 m；2)地浸采铀中的关键因素Fe^₃₊在氧化还原次序中排名靠后,黄铁矿未完全溶解之时,在缺少Fe^₃₊的情况下,铀矿的溶解速率极低,直至黄铁矿完全溶解时,铀矿溶解速率才迅速增加,模拟结束后(1000 d),边界处注液井铀矿完全溶解范围为距注液井7.2 m-12.8 m,中间处注液井铀矿完全溶解范围为距注液井7 m-11 m,此时溶浸液中的六价铀(UO_2²⁺)迁移前端距离抽液孔仅8.4 m；3)铀矿的浸出经过溶解(液相)-沉淀(固相)-再溶解(液相)的多次旋回,根据铀矿的溶解-沉淀量将其划分为完全溶解区,有效溶解区和沉淀区,模拟结束后(1000 d),注液孔1完全溶解区范围为7.2m-12.8 m,此时沉淀区已形成一个锥形区域,范围为18.6 m-21.6 m,同样在抽注作用的影响下,在靠近抽液孔方向上,锥形沉淀区的尖端铀矿沉淀量最多；4)在抽注单元控制的地下水流场作用下,黄铁矿与铀矿的溶解区域,均出现靠近抽液孔方向的溶解范围大于远离抽液孔方向的溶解范围。     

构造裂隙对巷道稳定性的影响分析

构造裂隙对巷道维护有重要影响。根据构造裂隙与巷道布置关系，分析了构造裂隙和地应力状态组合对巷道稳定性的影响规律，并指出今后应进一步研究的方向。