AAOA-MBR工艺在工程中的应用分析

通过对AAOA-MBR工艺在实际工程中的应用,分析该工艺处理城市污水的节能减排效能。实践表明AAOA-MBR工艺具有很强的抗冲击负荷能力,在进水质水量大幅度波动、且碳源匮乏的情况下,仍能取得良好的处理效果。实际工程运行四年来,厂区出水各项指标均稳定优于城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB 18918-2002)中的一级A标准,其中COD、BOD₅、SS、NH₃^-N去除率分别达到可分别达到90.14%、98.25%、95.58%和98.2%;通过对运行期间污水处理量与耗电量相关关系进行回归分析可知,当处理水量达到设计规模时,其吨水耗电量预测为0.31kWh/m³。同时,基于对污水处理系统的沿程水质检测,优化进水水量分配和内循环回流比并进行产水泵联动改造,可进一步提高系统节能减排效果。     

Bioinspired Triboelectric Soft Robot Driven by Mechanical Energy

A sustainable power source is a key technical challenge for practical applications of electrically responsive soft robots, especially the required voltage is over several thousand volts. Here, a practicable new technology, triboelectric soft robot (TESR) system with the primary characteristics of power source from mechanical energy, is developed. At its heart is TESR with bioinspired architectures made of soft-deformable body and two triboelectric adhesion feet, which is driven and accurately controlled through triboelectric effect, while reaching maximum crawling speeds of 14.9 mm s⁻¹ on the acrylic surface. The characteristics of the TESR, including displacement and force, are tested and simulated under the power of a rotary freestanding triboelectric nanogenerator (RF-TENG). Crawling of TESR is successfully realized on different materials surfaces and different angle slopes under the driven of RF-TENG. Furthermore, a real-time visual monitoring platform, in which TESR carries a micro camera to transmit images in a long narrow tunnel, is also achieved successfully, indicating that it can be used for fast diagnosis in an area inaccessible to human beings in the future. This study offers a new insight into the sustainable power source technologies suitable for electrically responsive soft robots and contributes to expanding the applicability of TENGs.     

我国利用水泥窑协同处置污染物的现状及展望

利用水泥窑协同处置污染物可以缓解现阶段的环保压力,且具有良好的社会效益、环保效益及经济效益。文中以水泥窑协同处置为研究对象,探究其在我国的发展历程,并对其未来发展进行展望。     

页岩气开采对环境的影响分析及对策建议

我国页岩气资源非常丰富,但勘探开发难度巨大。分析了页岩气资源大规模开发对水资源、大气环境、地质环境及周边环境产生的影响。提出了需要健全的页岩气开发的环境监管法规规范,只有制定好产业政策,加强对技术和开采原料的研究等,才能促进页岩气产业健康、快速发展,更好地服务于中国和谐社会的建设与发展。     

Hydrogen production by hybrid system and its conversion by fuel cell in Algeria; Djanet

In this work we present a scenario of wind and solar energy production and seasonal energy storage producing Hydrogen in Djanet (East-South of Algeria). In addition we suppose assume the use of a set of fuel cells which are connected to the grid to provide a supply of energy when needed afterwards. The aim of this primary study is giving an alternative solution for the electric production in Djanet, which is mainly based on diesel generator. For that we made an investigation to highlight the potential of renewable energy production in this region. To ascertain feasibility of one hybrid system, we made energetic assessment considering the real climatic conditions of Djanet.     

鸭骨骼肌肌钙蛋白I单克隆抗体的制备及其特性

提取鸭骨骼肌肌钙蛋白I（skeletal muscle troponin I，sTnI）用于制备单克隆抗体，并对抗体性能进行 评价。将鸭骨骼肌提取后经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis，SDS-PAGE）测定，取凝胶条带免疫小鼠，融合后经筛选获得分泌抗鸭sTnI的杂交瘤细胞株，用 酶联免疫吸附测定法检测抗体效价、亚型及特异性等特性。结果表明：鸭骨骼肌提取物经SDS-PAGE后出现2 条 颜色较深的条带，取分子质量24 kDa条带用于免疫；筛选后获得2 株单克隆抗体，其中3E7特异性较好，效价在 1∶1.0×105以上，为IgG1亚型，亲和常数（Ka）为5.9×105 L/mol；免疫印迹结果显示，抗体3E7能与鸭骨骼肌提取 物反应，与牛、羊、鸡、鱼骨骼肌提取物无明显反应。     

Jaya Learning-Based Optimization for Optimal Sizing of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic,Wind Turbine,and Battery Systems

Renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered to be reliable and green electric power generation sources. Photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs) are used to provide electricity in remote areas. Optimal sizing of hybrid RESs is a vital challenge in a stand-alone environment. The meta-heuristic algorithms proposed in the past are dependent on algorithm-specific parameters for achieving an optimal solution. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm of Jaya and a teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) named the JLBO algorithm for the optimal unit sizing of a PV–WT–battery hybrid system to satisfy the consumer’s load at minimal total annual cost (TAC). The reliability of the system is considered by a maximum allowable loss of power supply probability (LPSP_max) concept. The results obtained from the JLBO algorithm are compared with the original Jaya, TLBO, and genetic algorithms. The JLBO results show superior performance in terms of TAC, and the PV–WT–battery hybrid system is found to be the most economical scenario. This system provides a cost-effective solution for all proposed LPSP_max values as compared with PV–battery and WT–battery systems.     

制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制技术理论与实践

制浆造纸行业是我国水污染防治的重点,减排任务艰巨。在环境倒逼下,造纸行业加快淘汰落后产能和完善末端治理技术,污染控制取得了初步成效。但随着国家和地方环境治理由浓度控制走向总量控制、质量控制,原有技术的局限性难以满足解决水污染的更高要求,必须创新污染防治方法。本文介绍了制浆造纸行业水污染全过程控制的基本理论和内涵,并结合化学法制浆、化学机械法制浆、废纸制浆与造纸过程水污染防治工程实践,提出了解决制浆造纸行业水污染的对策,为推动行业绿色转型升级和高质量发展提供了支撑。     

Progress of Air Pollution Control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era

China’s past economic growth has substantially relied on fossil fuels, causing serious air pollution issues. Decoupling economic growth and pollution has become the focus in developing ecological civilization in China. We have analyzed the three-decade progress of air pollution controls in China, highlighting a strategic transformation from emission control toward air quality management. Emission control of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) resolved the deteriorating acid rain issue in China in 2007. Since 2013, control actions on multiple precursors and sectors have targeted the reduction of the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), marking a transition to an air-quality-oriented strategy. Increasing ozone (O₃) pollution further requires O₃ and PM_2.5 integrated control strategies with an emphasis on their complex photochemical interactions. Fundamental improvement of air quality in China, as a key indicator for the success of ecological civilization construction, demands the deep de-carbonization of China’s energy system as well as more synergistic pathways to address air pollution and global climate change simultaneously.