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1.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):33106-33119
K9 optical glass is one of the typical components in optical systems. However, because of its poor fracture resistance, it is difficult to polish it with ultra-precision and high-efficiency and without any surface damage simultaneously. The emergence of the obliquely axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted polishing (UVAP) method can solve this problem which encounters in polishing efficiency and shape accuracy. However, due to the unclear material removal profile (MRP) mechanism, obliquely axial UVAP is not widely used in the processing field. This paper introduces the obliquely axial UVAP method in research processes, mainly focusing on the fixed point MRP analysis of the obliquely axial UVAP. Based on Hertz's contact theory, polishing pressure, the length of the semi-long axis (LLA) and the length of the semi-short axis (LSA) of the contact area are calculated under ultrasonic vibration conditions. Meanwhile, the relative linear velocity distribution of the oblique polishing tool in the instantaneous contact area is modeled by mathematical geometry method. A novel model of the MRP distribution for obliquely axial UVAP is proposed following the Preston equation. Subsequently, a series of polishing experiments were carried out to verify this model. The results show that the numerical model has good agreement with the experimental results on MRP, LLA, LSA, material removal depth and material removal rate (MRR). In addition, the material removal capability can be significantly improved by larger ultrasonic amplitude and larger oblique angle. This model not only more clearly elucidates the processing mechanism of obliquely axial UVAP, but also provides theoretical support for the polishing of free-form optical lenses. 相似文献
2.
Aniruddha Nag Mohammed Asif Ali Jiabei Zhou Makoto Ogawa Tatsuo Kaneko 《大分子材料与工程》2021,306(11):2100459
Aromatic and functional polymers with processibility derived from biobased starting materials are prerequisite considering sustainable society. Poly(2,5-benzimidazole)s are rigid-rod polymers to show ultrahigh thermal stability such as flame retardance, while usually suffer from poor solubility. Here, poly(benzimidazole-co-amide)s are synthesized from two biobased monomers, 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid and a semirigid comonomer, 4-aminohydrocinnamic acid. The copolymers with an amide composition of 80 mol% and higher are soluble in widely used polar solvents to fabricate the films keeping high flame retardance, which is comparable with popular high-performance polymers such as aromatic polyimides, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, etc. 相似文献
3.
Dr. Laurent David Dr. Mark Wenlock Dr. Patrick Barton Dr. Andreas Ritzén 《ChemMedChem》2021,16(17):2669-2685
Chameleonic properties, i. e., the capacity of a molecule to hide polarity in non-polar environments and expose it in water, help achieving sufficient permeability and solubility for drug molecules with high MW. We present models of experimental measures of polarity for a set of 24 FDA approved drugs (MW 405-1113) and one PROTAC (MW 1034). Conformational ensembles in aqueous and non-polar environments were generated using molecular dynamics. A linear regression model that predicts chromatographic apparent polarity (EPSA) with a mean unsigned error of 10 Å2 was derived based on separate terms for donor, acceptor, and total molecular SASA. A good correlation (R2=0.92) with an experimental measure of hydrogen bond donor potential, Δlog Poct-tol, was found for the mean hydrogen bond donor SASA of the conformational ensemble scaled with Abraham's A hydrogen bond acidity. Two quantitative measures of chameleonic behaviour, the chameleonic efficiency indices, are introduced. We envision that the methods presented herein will be useful to triage designed molecules and prioritize those with the best chance of achieving acceptable permeability and solubility. 相似文献
4.
Tao TIAN Chao-lan ZHANG Feng ZHU Shan-xin YUAN Ying GUO Sheng-guo XUE 《中国有色金属学会会刊》2021,31(5):1484-1495
A column experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of phosphogypsum (PG) on the saline- alkalinity, and aggregate stability of bauxite residue. Results showed that: with increasing leaching time, the concentrations of saline-alkali ions decreased while the concentration increased in bauxite residue leachate; compared with CK (control group) treatment, pH, electric conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable Na+ content of bauxite residue were reduced following PG treatment; average particle sizes in aggregates following CK and PG treatments were determined to be 155 and 193 nm, respectively. SR-μCT test results also confirmed that bauxite residue following PG treatment acquired larger aggregates and larger pore diameter. These results indicate that the PG treatment could significantly modulate the saline-alkalinity, and simultaneously enhance aggregate stability of bauxite residue, which provides a facile approach to reclaim bauxite residue disposal areas. 相似文献
5.
Yuelong Ma Le Zhang Tianyuan Zhou Bingheng Sun Chen Hou Shunshun Yang Jin Huang Rui Wang Farida A. Selim Zhongying Wang Ming Li Hao Chen Yun Wang 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(4):2834-2846
Ce:Y3Al5O12 transparent ceramics (TCs) with appropriate emission light proportion and high thermal stability are significant to construct white light emitting diode devices with excellent chromaticity parameters. In this work, strategies of controlling crystal-field splitting around Ce3+ ion and doping orange-red emitting ion, were adopted to fabricate Ce:(Y,Tb)3(Al,Mn)5O12 TCs via vacuum sintering technique. Notably, 85.4 % of the room-temperature luminescence intensity of the TC was retained at 150 °C, and the color rendering index was as high as 79.8. Furthermore, a 12 nm red shift and a 16.2 % increase of full width at half maximum were achieved owing to the synergistic effects of Tb3+ and Mn2+ ions. By combining TCs with a 460 nm blue chip, a warm white light with a low correlated color temperature of 4155 K was acquired. Meanwhile, the action mechanism of Tb3+ ion and the energy transfer between Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions were verified in prepared TCs. 相似文献
6.
Mingming Yang Siwei Long Yunzhong Zhu Haozhe Ma Shaopeng Lin Jiliang Quan Biao Wang 《Ceramics International》2021,47(2):1970-1975
LiNbO3 crystals activated by Sm3+ and co-doped with Zr4+ (Sm:Zr:LN) or Hf4+ (Sm:Hf:LN) were prepared by the Czochralski method. Detailed investigation on spectroscopic properties was conducted on the frame of Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory. The J-O intensity parameters Ωi (i = 2, 4, 6), fluorescence branching ratios and radiative lifetime of excited level 4G5/2 were determined. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the strong orange-red emissions obtained under near-UV excitation in both crystals was evaluated. As high as 100% and 97% of integrated intensities at room temperature in Sm:Zr:LN and Sm:Hf:LN respectively were retained at 423 K, demonstrating the suppressed thermal attenuation. The temperature sensing performance based on fluorescence intensity ratio strategy was degraded at higher temperatures with relatively low sensitivities, while the shift of CIE chromaticity coordinates of Sm:Zr:LN and Sm:Hf:LN in the orange-red region was insignificant, demonstrating the color constancy with increasing temperature. With the efficient and thermally stable orange-red luminescence, Sm:Zr:LN and Sm:Hf:LN could serve as promising candidate materials for near-UV excited white light-emitting diodes. 相似文献
7.
8.
Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase composition, sintering characteristics, microstructure and dielectric properties of Ti4+ replacement by Nb5+ in the formed solid solution Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics were systematically studied. The structural variations and influence of Nb5+ doping in Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 were also systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. X-ray diffraction and its Rietveld refinement results confirmed that Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics crystallised into an ilmenite-type with R-3 (148) space group. The replacement of the low valence Ti4+ by the high valence Nb5+ can improve the dielectric properties of Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09). This paper also studied the different sintering temperatures for Mg(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (x = 0–0.09) ceramics. The obtained results proved that 1350 °C is the best sintering temperature. The permittivity and Q × f initially increased and then decreased mainly due to the effects of porosity caused by the sintering temperature and the doping amount of Nb2O5, respectively. Furthermore, the increased Q × f is correlated to the increase in Ti–O bond strength as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, and the electrons generated by the oxygen vacancies will be compensated by Nb5+ to a certain extent to suppress Ti4+ to Ti3+, which was confirmed by XPS. The increase in τf from ?47 ppm/°C to ?40.1 ppm/°C is due to the increment in cell polarisability. Another reason for the increased τf is the reduction in the distortion degree of the [TiO6] octahedral, which was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Mg(Ti0.95Nb0.05)O3 ceramics sintered at 1350 °C for 2 h possessed excellent microwave dielectric properties of εr = 18.12, Q × f = 163618 GHz and τf = ?40.1 ppm/°C. 相似文献
9.
Ahmad Reza Abbasian Alireza Mahvary Shahram Alirezaei 《Ceramics International》2021,47(17):23794-23802
The effects of three types of salt including NaF, KCl, and NaCl on the properties of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles using salt-assisted solution combustion synthesis (SSCS) have been investigated. The synthesized powders were evaluated by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and VSM analysis. Also, the specific surface area (SSA), as well as size distribution and volume of the porosities of NiFe2O4 powders were determined by the BET apparatus. The visual observations showed that the intensity and time of combustion synthesis of nanoparticles have been severely influenced by the type of salt. The highest crystallinity was observed in the synthesized powder using NaCl. The SSA has also been correlated completely to the type of salt. The quantities of SSA was achieved about 91.62, 64.88, and 47.22 m2g-1 for the powders synthesized by KCl, NaCl, and NaF respectively. Although the magnetic hysteresis loops showed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in all conditions, KCl salt could produce the particles with the least coercivity and remanent magnetization. Based on the present study, the salt type is a key parameter in the SSCS process for the preparation of spinel ferrites. Thermodynamic evaluation also showed that the melting point and heat capacity are important parameters for the proper selection of the salt. 相似文献
10.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(18):25177-25200
Porous TiO2-based catalysts have recently received remarkable attention in the field of energy conversion systems, including hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen/nitrogen reduction reaction, and photodegradation of pollutants owing to their unique structure, large surface area, and good chemical stability. In this report, we review existing research on porous TiO2-based catalysts for energy conversion systems during the past four years. First, the advantages of porous TiO2-based catalysts are introduced. Next, the synthetic approaches in developing porous TiO2-based catalysts are summarized. The different types of energy conversion systems based on porous TiO2-based catalysts are then presented. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in synthesizing porous TiO2-based catalysts are discussed. 相似文献