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1.
Characteristics of reaction and product microstructure during light calcination of magnesite in transport bed 下载免费PDF全文
A gas-heating laboratory transport bed was adopted to simulate the industrial transportbed reactor for flash calcination of magnesite, and a method based on TG analysis of a reacted sample was further developed to calculate the decomposition rate or conversion of its containing MgCO3. The study investigated how the conversion and product reactivity as well as microstructure vary with reaction conditions including temperature, particle size and times of re-calcination for powder magnesite. Magnesite powder (<150 μm) calcination is a quick reaction that reaches 98% decomposition of its containing MgCO3 in 1—2 s,corroborating the feasibility of magnesite flash-calcination in transport bed reactors. The coloration time given by the citric acid chromogenic method was 17—55 s and 294 s for the obtained products from transport and fixed beds, respectively. This proves the obviously higher activity and thus improved microstructure of the product from transport bed. During the calcination process, the MgO grain size of the product gradually increases, and the surface structure changes from loose and porous to dense and smooth. This structural change can be completed within a few seconds. 相似文献
2.
钛白粉煅烧转窑尾气的高湿、高硫、高酸露点的特性使得转窑尾气余热利用过程中换热器寿命不理想。在总结已有尾气余热利用方式存在问题的基础上,提出了一种长寿命、易维护的套管式热管余热利用装置,该装置由彼此分离的换热套管通过弯头、法兰连接成为整体,尾气垂直横掠双层套管段,与高硫、高湿的尾气通过相变介质的相变完成热量由尾气向取热介质的转移,产生钛白粉生产工艺所急需的蒸汽,双层管的相变换热套管对比单层管的重力热管换热器寿命明显延长;连接换热套管的单层管弯头不与高湿、高硫尾气换热,大大减轻了尾气对单层管的腐蚀。换热器应用在3.6 m×58 m的钛白粉煅烧窑上,每年可以产生0.9 MPa的水蒸气1.12万t,为企业带来可观的经济效益。 相似文献
3.
Jafar Baseri Rahim Naghizadeh Hamid Reza Rezaie Farhad Golestanifard Mohammad Golmohammad 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2020,17(6):2709-2715
CoAl2O4 spinel was successfully synthesized by combustion synthesis method using glycine and urea by 1:1 molar ratio as fuels and sol-gel process using citric acid as a chelating agent. The as-synthesized powders were calcined at desired temperatures to obtain CoAl2O4 spinel as a single phase. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis results revealed that the formation of CoAl2O4 spinel in combustion method needs 300°C higher temperatures than those of sol-gel. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis results revealed that “sol-gel spinel” had nanometric particle size which was smaller than those of “combustion spinel.” Temperature programed reduction with hydrogen and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results declared that there was a little residual cobalt oxide in combustion spinel while there is no oxide resided in “sol-gel spinel.” Consequently, the sol-gel method has more benefit in synthesizing spinel with sulfate precursors than combustion. 相似文献
4.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(14):22774-22780
Ceramic alumina nanofibers were prepared by plasma-assisted calcination (PAC) using atmospheric pressure plasma. Electrospun polyvinyl pyrrolidone/aluminium butoxide fibers were pre-treated by plasma generated in ambient air using a special type of coplanar dielectric barrier discharge. The effect of plasma on fibers and structural, chemical and crystalline properties of obtained ceramic nanofibers were characterized using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis were used for the study of thermal behaviour of untreated and plasma-treated samples. The ceramic fibers prepared by PAC exhibit suitable chemical composition, higher porosity, high length of fibers and better crystalline properties with simultaneous simplifying of the sintering process. The plasma pre-treatment of fibers results in a shortening of following thermal treatment, decrease of the required temperature and excludes a slow temperature increase as prevention of fibrous structure degradation typical in preparation of ceramic fibers by polymer-template techniques. 相似文献
5.
Nikola Kanas Sathya Prakash Singh Magnus Rotan Mohsin Saleemi Michael Bittner Armin Feldhoff Truls Norby Kjell Wiik Tor Grande Mari-Ann Einarsrud 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(4):1592-1599
Due to high figure of merit, Ca3Co4 ? xO9 + δ (CCO) has potential as p-type material for high-temperature thermoelectrics. Here, the influence of processing including solid state sintering, spark plasma sintering and post-calcination on stability, microstructure and thermoelectric properties is reported. By a new post-calcination approach, single-phase materials were obtained from precursors to final dense ceramics in one step. The highest zT of 0.11 was recorded at 800 °C for CCO with 98 and 72% relative densities. In situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction in air and oxygen revealed a higher stability of CCO in oxygen (~970 °C) than in air (~930 °C), with formation of Ca3Co2O6 which also showed high stability in oxygen, even at 1125 °C. Since achievement of phase pure high density CCO by post-calcination method in air is challenging, the phase stability of CCO in oxygen is important for understanding and further improvement of the method. 相似文献
6.
白云石是一种广泛应用的冶金、建材和化工原料。针对白云石煅烧过程中CO2排放严重等问题,构建了基于CO2循环载热与资源化回收的白云石低碳煅烧竖窑新工艺。通过白云石(CaCO3·MgCO3)煅烧过程的Gibbs自由能变计算,发现提高煅烧温度(50~100 K)可有效克服CO2对反应的抑制作用;通过纯CO2环境中CaCO3分解过程的热重实验分析,验证了CO2循环煅烧白云石煅烧的可行性;通过化学反应动力学计算,解析了全CO2组分环境下CO2压力对CaCO3·MgCO3高温分解过程的影响,并发现提高CO2压力可促进气固传热,从而提升分解速率和改善矿料分解均匀性;对CO2循环煅烧工艺系统能-质平衡计算表明:该工艺理论能耗仅为140 kg/(t 煅白),且煅烧过程的CO2排放降低70%以上,环境效益显著。 相似文献
7.
8.
Junfeng Zhang Meng Zhang Shuyao Chen Zeling Zhou Kaiwen Zheng Yunxing Bai Yisheng Tan Yizhuo Han 《加拿大化工杂志》2020,98(7):1525-1533
Low-temperature methanation of CO in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) over Zr doped Ni/Al2O3 catalyst calcined at different temperatures (673, 723, and 823 K) was investigated. XRD, TPR, XPS, ICP, SEM, and S-TPR techniques were employed to characterize the fresh and spent catalysts. Based on the characterization results, it was found that low-temperature (673 K) calcination could effectively prohibit the formation of NiAl2O4 spinel, thereby resulting in more reducible NiO particles, which were the essential precursor of methanation active sites over the catalyst surface. Thus, the highest CO conversion of 93.6% was achieved over the 25N3ZA-673 catalyst. In addition, the deactivation rate of 25N3ZA-673 was relatively slow in comparison to 25N3ZA-823 due to the presence of more reducible NiO. The formed nickel carbonyl species (Ni[CO]x), which quickly decomposed at a higher reaction temperature, was closely related to the catalyst deactivation. Therefore, 25N3ZA-673 possessed much better stability at 593 K than that at 553 K. 相似文献
9.
为了获得高水热稳定的负载Ni催化剂,延长催化剂在含水液相体系中的使用寿命,以不同温度焙烧的SiO2-Al2O3为载体,采用浸渍法制备Ni/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂,通过吡啶-原位傅立叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、NH3-程序升温脱附和H2-程序升温还原等方法进行表征,以水相1,4-丁炔二醇加氢为探针反应,研究载体焙烧温度对Ni/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂催化加氢性能及含水体系中稳定性的影响。结果表明,在(400~800) ℃,随着载体焙烧温度升高,活性组分Ni存在状态及催化剂加氢活性变化较小,但催化剂的水热稳定性下降,造成这一现象的原因是随着载体焙烧温度升高,载体表面SiO2聚集,暴露的Al3+增加,载体水合程度增大。载体焙烧温度400 ℃时,Ni/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂表现出最佳的水热稳定性。 相似文献
10.
碳酸根型水滑石焙烧产物对阴离子染料具有特异的吸附性能。该研究考察了两种具有不同镁铝摩尔比的镁铝复合氧化物对靛蓝胭脂红的吸附性能,并探讨了焙烧温度、投加量、初始染料浓度、溶液初始pH以及共存阴离子这几个因素的影响。结果表明经过500℃焙烧处理后的水滑石对染料的去除效果最好,去除率高达95%,平衡吸附量高达811.5 mg/g(1.74 mmol/g);且吸附过程不受初始溶液pH和共存阴离子的影响。水滑石焙烧产物直接用于印染废水处理,脱色率达68%~84%。 相似文献