Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP): A versatile and forceful tool for functional membranes

The progress in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) provides an effective means for the design and preparation of functional membranes. Polymeric membranes with different macromolecular architectures applied in fuel cells, including block and graft copolymers are conveniently prepared via ATRP. Moreover, ATRP has also been widely used to introduce functionality onto the membrane surface to enhance its use in specific applications, such as antifouling, stimuli-responsive, adsorption function and pervaporation. In this review, the recent design and synthesis of advanced functional membranes via the ATRP technique are discussed in detail and their especial advantages are highlighted by selected examples extract the principles for preparation or modification of membranes using the ATRP methodology.     

微滤/反渗透处理、回用循环冷却排水

考察了利用双膜(MF—RO)技术回收循环冷却排水的可行性。结果表明,将微滤作为反渗透的预处理工艺能够保证反渗透对进水水质的要求,反渗透出水(电导率<40μS/cm)回送到冷却系统后可降低冷却水的腐蚀性,提高了冷却水的浓缩倍率。     

Precoagulation-microfiltration for wastewater reuse

A range of coagulant chemicals and doses, up to 2 mg/L, were trialled on a microfiltration-based indirect potable reuse (IPR) pilot plant to evaluate their impact on membrane reversible and irreversible fouling. Jar tests revealed these doses to have negligible impact on organic matter removal, whilst scoping pilot trials showed them to have a positive impact on fouling rates. Initial trials carried out over a 6-h period suggested that ferric sulphate was the most promising of the coagulants tested with regards to irreversible fouling. Extended five-day trials using ferric sulphate at 0.5 mg/L were conducted at fluxes of 40-50 l/(m²h) (LMH). Operation at 50 LMH without coagulant resulted in rapid fouling and a subsequent shortening of the chemical cleaning interval. The addition of the ferric coagulant resulted in a reduction in both reversible and irreversible fouling to those levels experienced at 40 LMH, enabling sustainable operation. The use of low levels of coagulant thus enables the pilot plant to operate at a 25% increased flux, equating to a 20% reduction in membrane area and overall savings of >0.1 p per m³ for a seven year membrane life.     

单相多线圈中频变压器DC/DC控制方法研究

多端直流电网是未来分布式输配电网的关键技术,不同电压等级的直流电网通过中频变压器隔离互联。目前变压器采用多电平移相控制技术因触发不同步存在器件发热不均衡、可靠性不稳定等问题。针对现有技术缺陷,提出了一种单相多线圈中频变压器级联式DC/DC控制方法,拓扑结构主要包括控制器、滤波电感和多线圈变压器。将单相变压器的每一绕组拆分为多个线圈,再将每个线圈的半桥控制模块串联,这样可以有效改善功率器件电压和电流的应力,实现电容电压自动均衡。MATLAB/Simulink仿真结果表明所设计的拓扑结构和控制方法是可行的。     

Studies on pore blocking mechanism and technical feasibility of a hybrid PAC-MF process for reclamation of irrigation water from biotreated POME

An integrated low-cost adsorption (with powdered activated carbon, PAC) and cross-flow membrane filtration (with microfiltration membranes of 0.1 and 0.2 μm pore sizes) process was employed for the treatment of biotreated palm oil mill effluent (POME) to produce irrigation water that is fully benchmarked with water-quality standards. The permeate quality was within the recommended standard for irrigation water, as the concentrations of all critical constituents were well below their recommended values. Sustainability of the process integration was further confirmed with the domination of cake filtration over other blocking mechanisms with higher R² values at all trans-membrane pressures. Suitable extended usage of permeate was found for toilet/urinal flushing.     

高分子超/微滤膜的亲水化改性:从PEG化到离子化

众多高分子超/微滤(UF/MF)膜材料存在疏水性强、抗污染能力低下、生物相容性不佳的缺点,限制了UF/MF膜的推广应用,膜材料的亲水化改性被认为是解决这一难题的有效方法,也是近年来膜材料领域的研究热点之一.高分子UF/MF膜的亲水化改性方法可分为物理改性和化学改性两大类,在这些方法中,膜表面的聚乙二醇(PEG)化和离子...     

Enhancement of solid dissolution process under the influence of rotating magnetic field

The main objective of this work is to study the effect of rotating magnetic field (RMF) on the dissolution process of NaCl-cylindrical sample. The experimental investigations are provided for the explanation of the influence on the dissolution process of a solid body to surrounding its dilute solution in the experimental set-up with the RMF generator. The analysis indicated the strong influence of the localization NaCl-cylindrical sample on the enhancement of mass transfer process. The mass transfer process under the action of RMF is described by means of the dimensionless equation with the local magnetic Taylor number.     

基于MF RC500的RFID读写器的天线及匹配电路设计

基于MF RC500的读写器的天线采用直接在PCB板上制作的微带天线,需要设计天线线圈,使其符合电磁传播规律.该电路要求使用无源的功率匹配网络将天线阻抗转为50Ω,然后由同轴电缆无辐射无损失的将功率从读写器传送给天线.匹配电路设计首先需测出天线的等效电路,再计算出天线的品质因子,然后得出匹配电路的电容值.     

丙烯酰胺改性蜜胺甲醛树脂的絮凝性能研究

合成了丙烯酰胺改性三聚氰胺（蜜胺）甲醛树脂，研究了其絮凝性能，利用烧杯澄清试验法，考察了酸碱条件，絮凝剂投加量和静置时间对絮凝性能的影响。实验证明：酸性条件，絮凝剂投加量为50mg/L，静置时间为20min时改性树脂的絮凝效果最好。并且与不同絮凝剂进行了浊度去除效果比较。     

适合WSN的超宽带两步TOA估计算法

结合低速率能量检测与高速率匹配滤波的两步超宽带TOA估计算法适合WSN定位。通过采样获得低速率能量序列,找出直达路径(direct path,DP)在序列中的位置,即TOA粗估计。在该能量采样周期内进行相关滤波,由相关峰确定DP位置,即TOA精确估计。能量采样周期、能量块选择门限、相关峰检测门限是TOA估计的关键参数,对它们进行讨论,并给出一种基于最大最小能量比(MMR)的归一化门限模型。在IEEE 802.15.4a信道下的仿真结果表明：算法的运算量低于单一滤波匹配算法,精度优于基于能量检测的非相干算法