电子阅览室Squid上网过滤系统升级及运维工作精要

文中对本馆Squid上网过滤系统运行7年来的运维工作做了总结,这些艰辛得来的一线运维工作经验,对很多想使用该过滤系统,正使用该过滤系统的单位将会有很大的帮助。     

从鱿鱼软骨提取β-甲壳质及其结构表征与应用性能

采用海洋生物鱿鱼的软骨作为原料 ,通过简单的工艺 ,提取得到 β 甲壳质 ,并用波谱等表征技术确定了 β 甲壳质的结构。实验表明 β 甲壳质在 2 0 0℃以下是稳定的 ;80 0℃灼烧残渣质量分数可达 0 0 4% ;作为吸潮剂其某些性能优于硅胶     

Effect of oil degradation during frying on the color of fried, battered squid rings

Oil degradation caused by the number of fryings performed and the effect of oil degradation on the color of fried battered squid rings were studied. Spectrophotometric techniques with absorbance in the UV and visible ranges, and iodine, peroxide, and acid values were used to determine oil degradation. Determination of various CIELAB parameters in order to study the external color of the fried battered squid rings revealed no differences in color due to the number of fryings. A study of the color of the battered squid rings at various frying times and temperatures showed significant differences for both variables. Although there was some degradation in the oil after 20 fryings, appearing as a slight darkening, it did not affect the final color of the fried, battered squid rings.     

酶法制备鲍鱼脏器呈味肽及呈味氨基酸

研究了酶法制备鲍鱼脏器呈味肽及呈味氨基酸的最佳条件.鲍鱼脏器分别经中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶水解,中性蛋白酶酶解产物的水解度和肽得率最大,鲜味氨基酸含量最高且口味最好.以中性蛋白酶为工具酶,通过单因素试验和响应面分析确定了酶解的最佳条件:酶加量3 000 U/g,温度46℃,pH 7.8,时间3 h,底物质量分数...     

美拉德反应制备鲍鱼脏器肽呈味基料及其抗氧化活性研究

采用美拉德反应处理皱纹盘鲍脏器肽制备呈味基料,并通过感官评定实验及体外抗氧化实验评价了美拉德反应处理对鲍鱼脏器肽风味及抗氧化活性的影响.结果表明,鲍鱼脏器肽经美拉德反应处理后,鲜味增加,腥、苦等不良口味下降,总体风味得到显著提升.与反应前相比,美拉德反应产物的DPPH自由基清除活性增强百倍,而羟自由基清除活性及还原活性...     

Preparation and characteristics of squid pen β‐chitin prepared under optimal deproteinisation and demineralisation condition

Squid (Todarodes pacifica) pen was an excellent source of β‐chitin with 25.5% yield. The optimal condition to prepare squid pen β‐chitin was established: deproteinisation with 3% NaOH for 30 min at 15 psi/121 °C and a solid/solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v) and a subsequent demineralisation with 1 N HCl for 30 min at room temperature and a solid/solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v). Squid pen β‐chitin contained 6.29% nitrogen, 0.25% ash, and negligible fat with degree of acetylation of 94.02%, residual amino acid of 0.499 g/100 g and bulk density of 0.28 g mL^?1. Depending on its particle size, squid pen β‐chitin visually looked white (L* = 82.82, a* = ?0.67, b* = 6.31; particle size of 0.15–0.18 mm) or light grey (L* = 62.88, a* = 0.33, b* = 10.66; particle size of 0.425–0.841 mm). Water, fat and dye‐binding capacity of squid pen β‐chitin was 694.67%, 194.03% and 79.81%, respectively.     

再谈鱿鱼须剞刀成"龙"技术

运用斜刀法、平刀法等剞花刀技术,将鱿鱼的头须部分剞上一定刀距、 一定深度的刀纹,制成“龙须”。“龙须”和其它原料组合,可烹制成“群龙戏珠”、 “群龙观菊”、“金龙绣球”、“金龙闹海”等多种冷、热菜肴,它具有形美味佳的特点。     

Theoretical and Experimental Study of Water Transport in a Hollow Cylinder Applied to the Drying of Round Squid Mantle

ABSTRACT

Until now, attention has been focused solely in the drying of squid mantle from an experimental point of view, neglecting the transport phenomenon studies of water in squid muscle. This work studies the drying of squid mantle (Loligo brasiliensis), previously salted and smoked by liquid smoking (hickory extract), using a tubular dryer in closed cycle with a silicagel fixed bed in series. The mass transfer phenomenon during drying was studied, based on the Fick's second law, with the effective diffusivity supposed constant, which enabled an analytical solution to the problem. The drying curve calculated with the resulting equation was compared with experimental data. The model was applied to a hollow cylinder geometry (round squid mantle), with its internal surface isolated from the drying environment by a plastic film. The latter was given a tubular form and introduced inside the mantle cavity (impervious wall boundary condition).     

Immunochemical and Immunohistochemical Identification of a Minor Collagen in Raw Muscles of Decapod Mollusks

ABSTRACT: Approximately 10% of total muscle collagen in 6 decapod molluskan species was recovered as minor collagenous fractions by limited pepsin digestion and differential salt precipitation. The main alpha components (α1) in these fractions showed similar peptide maps of V-8 protease and lysyl endopeptidase digests to each other and had reactivity to the antiserum against the al component of the minor collagen (named Type SQ-II) from Todarodes pacificus muscle in immunoblot analysis. These results suggested that the minor molecular species of collagen corresponding to Type SQ-II of Todarodes pacificus was widely distributed in the mantle muscle of decapod mollusks. In addition, immunohistochemical experiments revealed that Type SQ-II collagen distributed mainly in intramuscular thin connective tissue (endomysium), suggesting the functional importance of this molecule to the development of meat texture of decapod mollusks.     

Effects of abomasal vegetable oil infusion on splanchnic nutrient metabolism in lactating dairy cows

Changes in the metabolism of nutrients by the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver may contribute to the reduction in dry matter intake (DMI) and other production responses generally observed in lactating dairy cows fed supplemental long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). In the present study, effects of a 7-d abomasal infusion of vegetable oil on arterial concentration and splanchnic (PDV and liver) metabolism of nutrients were measured in six cows at 55 (early lactation [ELAC]) and 111 (midlactation [MLAC]) d postpartum. Cows were fed for ad libitum DMI at 8-h intervals, and blood samples for measurement of splanchnic metabolism were obtained over 8 h beginning 2 h before feeding at 0830 h. Blood flow for the PDV and liver was increased by oil infusion and was greater in ELAC, despite similar-feed DMI during blood sampling. Increased blood flow in ELAC was associated with greater liver oxygen removal and glucose release that accompanied greater milk yield. In contrast, oil infusion had no effect on splanchnic oxygen use. Greater blood flow during oil infusion may have been due to specific effects of intestinal LCFA supply on PDV blood flow. Net PDV release and liver removal of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia were increased by oil infusion. Net PDV release of longer-chain (4 and 5 C) VFA and NEFA was greater in ELAC, but net PDV flux of other nutrients was not affected by lactation stage, possibly due to the similarity of feed DMI. Oil infusion increased arterial concentration and net PDV release and liver removal of NEFA, and it decreased net liver release and arterial concentration of glucose. Effects of oil infusion on liver glucose release were associated with decreased daily DMI. In ELAC, arterial concentration and net liver removal of NEFA were also increased, but liver release of glucose was greater than in MLAC. Oil infusion and ELAC both increased net liver removal of L-lactate. The resulting decrease in net total splanchnic release of L-lactate in ELAC reflects decreased tissue energy balance of the cows. Generally, stage of lactation and relative milk yield had greater effects on metabolism of the liver than the PDV, in which metabolism was largely dictated by DMI. In the present study, there was little evidence to suggest an effect of stage of lactation on the metabolic response ofthe PDV and liver to postruminal LCFA supply.