SATWE程序中不同楼板模型对比和设计建议

对一规则平面高层结构采用SATWE程序中不同楼板假定模型进行了结构分析。结果表明,采用刚性楼板假定时,现浇楼板对梁刚度的增大不宜估计过高。楼板平面有限元分析表明,在楼板配筋时,框架梁处板顶负筋宜适当加大,普通楼面梁处板顶负筋宜适当减小。     

一种边坡稳定分析的新方法

结合有限单元法和极限平衡法,提出了一种边坡稳定计算的新方法,介绍了该方法的基本理论和公式推导。与边坡稳定经典计算方法的不同在于,不需要对条间力等条件进行人为简化和假定,且严格满足所有的平衡条件。数值算例分析表明了该方法的正确性和有效性,适用范围广,且计算公式相对简单,易于编程,收敛速度快。     

A modified solution of radial subgrade modulus for a circular tunnel in elastic ground

In models based on Winkler springs for tunnel lining design, designers always face the difficulty of selecting appropriate values for the radial subgrade modulus (k_r). The widely used solution k_r for a circular tunnel in elastic ground proposed by Wood (1975) was found to be applicable only when the tunnel radial deformation is oval-shaped. On the basis of the Wood׳s solution, this note presents a general solution for k_r when the radial deformation of the tunnel is described by a Fourier series. This modified Wood׳s solution of k_r using compatible stress functions is validated by a numerical example. The modified solution for the example shows good consistency with the original Wood׳s solution when the tunnel becomes an oval shape with deformations. The example indicates that the magnitude of k_r is significantly affected by the distribution shape of the tunnel radial deformation. The value of k_r is no longer a constant value around the tunnel when the tunnel deforms into a general shape described by a Fourier series. It is quite different from the value of k_r for a distribution shape described by a single Fourier term, i.e. one involving a single frequency. The application of a general solution for k_r is illustrated by a design case using a bedded beam model.     

两回高压直流输电线路交叉跨越时地面合成电场计算

高压直流输电线路交叉跨越是我国特高压技术发展中可能出现的新问题。为了建设满足电磁环境要求的直流输电工程,应当研究相应的合成电场预测方法。由于两回直流线路相互影响,交叉跨越区域内合成电场呈复杂的三维分布。本文提出一种两回直流线路交叉跨越时地面合成电场的计算方法,该方法基于三维通量线法,采用模拟电荷法计算标称电场,利用Deutsch假设计算合成电场。通过在实验室内搭建直流导线交叉跨越试验平台,对计算方法进行验证。基于该方法,对±800k V线路跨越±500k V线路时地面合成电场的分布进行研究。与一回±500k V线路单独存在相比,±800k V线路以90°跨越±500k V线路时,地面合成电场峰值基本不变,但分布规律更为复杂。     

钢结构柱脚锚栓设计公式的分析与改进

对钢柱脚锚栓计算方法进行了总结,提出了更符合实际受力情况的锚栓计算方法,并通过算例与其它计算方法进行了比较,证明所提出的方法比其它方法有更好的计算结果。     

探讨考虑气阻作用下分层假定的雨水入渗计算分析模型

入渗时间和湿润锋深度关系可依据达西定律和入渗雨水质量守恒即入渗率等于入渗量对时间的导数求解,但Green-Ampt入渗模型以湿润区完全饱和考虑入渗量,同时入渗率也忽略了气阻作用,继而限制了入渗时间和湿润锋深度关系的计算精度。针对这一问题,通过分层假定和增加气阻项的入渗模型分别对入渗量和入渗率进行修正,并应用修正结果计算入渗时间和湿润锋深度的表达式。研究表明：同一入渗深度,考虑气阻项的分层假设模型的入渗时间计算值与实测值吻合度最高,偏离度很低,仅仅围绕实测值有很微小的上下波动,此研究结果对确定如含砂层稳定入渗时间具有重要作用。     

Seismic performance of reinforced concrete shear wall frames considering soil–foundation–structure interaction

A practical application of ‘beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation’ approach has been utilized in this paper for a case study on seismic performance of concrete shear wall frames to assess the soil–foundation–structure interaction effects. A set of 3‐, 6‐, 10‐ and 15‐story concrete shear wall frames located on hypothetically soft, medium and hard soils were designed and modeled using the OpenSees platform. The numerical model of each frame was constructed employing the distributed and lumped plasticity elements as well as the flexure–shear interaction displacement‐based beam–column elements incorporating the soil–footing interface. Pushover analysis was performed, and the results were studied through two code‐based viewpoints: (a) force‐based design and (b) performance‐based design. A comparison was made afterwards between the frame behaviors in the fixed‐/flexible‐base conditions. The results indicate some degree of inaccuracy in the fixed‐base assumption, which is regularly applied in analysis and design practice. The study emphasizes on how the fixed‐base assumption overestimates the design of the wall element and underestimates the design of the connected moment frame. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

隧道开挖对邻近桩基影响的两阶段分析方法

隧道开挖过程中必然引起周围土体的侧向移动,从而使邻近桩基产生水平变形和附加弯矩。目前有限元数值模拟法建模与计算过程较为繁琐,为了解决隧道开挖下桩土相互作用问题,基于Winkler地基模型,采用两阶段分析方法,建立了隧道开挖条件下被动桩受力分析模型,推导出桩土相互作用控制方程,并基于有限差分思想给出近似解的形式。最后结合工程实例表明,该近似解与现场监测数据较为吻合,能够有效地分析隧道开挖对邻近桩基的影响。     

Mechanical buckling of two-dimensional functionally graded cylindrical shells surrounded by Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundation

In this research, buckling analysis of a two-dimensional, functionally graded, cylindrical shell that has been embedded in an outer elastic medium in the presence of combined axial and transverse loading based on third-order shear deformation shell theory is numerically investigated. Variations of the shell properties are considered to be continuous through length and thickness. Winkler–Pasternak foundation and simply supported boundary conditions have been applied. The problem has been solved using the generalized differential quadrature method. Geometrical, load, and foundation parameters beside functionally graded power indexes effects on the critical buckling load have been studied.     

Buckling Analysis of a Nanowire Lying on Winkler–Pasternak Elastic Foundation

This article studies the axial buckling of a nanowire (NW) lying on Winkler–Pasternak substrate medium with the Timoshenko beam theory. The surface effect of the NW is accounted for with the Steigmann–Ogden model. An explicit solution of the critical buckling force and its associated buckling mode are obtained analytically. The influences of the surface stress effect, the geometry of the NW, and the elastic foundation moduli on the buckling behavior are fully discussed.