以新发展理念引领高校专业基础课教学改革

以“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”为内核的新发展理念，是对马克思主义发展理念的继承和发扬，极具时代精神，富含问题意识，为高校思想政治教育发展、教育教学改革实践提供了强大的理论支撑。本文以“通信原理”为例，阐述了新发展理念在课程改革中的思路和方法，实现了思想政治教育与专业基础课程有机融合，为深化高校教学改革、创新人才培养模式提供了思路。     

一种可传输轨道角动量的螺旋光子晶体光纤北大核心

设计了一种基于阿基米德螺线的新型螺旋光子晶体光纤,该光纤以二氧化硅为基底材料,包层由24个螺旋臂组成,每个螺旋臂包含11个小空气孔,纤芯设有大空气孔,包层与纤芯中间的环形区域用于传输轨道角动量模式。该结构在1300~1800 nm波段上可支持22种轨道角动量模式稳定传输,在1550 nm波长下,有效折射率差最高可达2.89×10^(-3),色散系数最低可达66.4 ps/(nm·km),非线性系数最低可达2.17 W^(-1)·km^(-1),且1500~1600 nm波段上的色散值变化均小于15.15 ps/(nm·km)。此螺旋光子晶体光纤不仅结构简单,且具有低非线性、色散平坦的性能,为螺旋光子晶体光纤的设计提供了思路。     

建筑结构控制爆破拆除的力学分析与应用

应用运动学、动力学理论建立建(构)筑物控爆坍落过程的力学模型,进而研究在非定常约束条件下坍落结构的力学特征。首次提出了采用延时起爆技术时,非自由质点系及其广义坐标应是建立在每一段位上的瞬间虚位移。在此基础上,分析求解运动过程中时控单元的质点自由度,为精确选定爆破部位及时序提供了设计理论和计算依据。同时,结合振动理论,将控爆时差、结构载荷分布调制为振动系统,形成坍落结构梁板单元的强迫振动,充分实现在运动中进一步解体、破碎其自身结构,并形成具有明显缓冲效果的下落过程。应用实践结果证明力学分析是正确的,为工程结构爆破拆除计算机辅助设计及动态模拟技术的有效应用奠定了基础。     

磁性硅铁载铜吸附Hg0动力学机制及密度泛函研究

采用粉末冶金法将纳米单质铜(Cu⁰)、硅铁(FeSi)、四氧化三铁硅涂层(Fe₃O₄@SiO₂)混合煅烧并制备出新型磁性硅铁载铜吸附剂MagFeSi-Cu⁰。实验研究不同烟气温度下MagFeSi-Cu⁰的汞吸附能力基础上,结合颗粒内扩散模型、准二阶动力学模型、Elovich模型及Bangham模型分析了MagFeSi-Cu⁰吸附Hg⁰过程的主要控制步骤。在此基础上,依据密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了不同反应温度下FeSi表面Cu⁰原子与Hg⁰原子的汞齐作用机制。研究结果表明,Bangham模型的拟合值与MagFeSi-Cu⁰汞吸附实验值拟合度最高,MagFeSi-Cu⁰表面痕量Hg⁰吸附由汞的外扩散和表面铜汞齐吸附共同控制;通过密度泛函计算,发现Cu⁰颗粒表面Cu-Hg齐吸附能为-0.534 eV,当烟气温度从80℃上升至200℃时,Hg⁰原子与单质Cu原子的吸附自由能从-22.47 kJ/mol下降至-13.96 kJ/mol,这些结果为深入了解Hg⁰在Cu(111)表面的反应机理提供了理论基础。     

Cryptographic Lightweight Encryption Algorithm with Dimensionality Reduction in Edge Computing

Edge Computing is one of the radically evolving systems through generations as it is able to effectively meet the data saving standards of consumers, providers and the workers. Requisition for Edge Computing based items have been increasing tremendously. Apart from the advantages it holds, there remain lots of objections and restrictions, which hinders it from accomplishing the need of consumers all around the world. Some of the limitations are constraints on computing and hardware, functions and accessibility, remote administration and connectivity. There is also a backlog in security due to its inability to create a trust between devices involved in encryption and decryption. This is because security of data greatly depends upon faster encryption and decryption in order to transfer it. In addition, its devices are considerably exposed to side channel attacks, including Power Analysis attacks that are capable of overturning the process. Constrained space and the ability of it is one of the most challenging tasks. To prevail over from this issue we are proposing a Cryptographic Lightweight Encryption Algorithm with Dimensionality Reduction in Edge Computing. The t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is one of the efficient dimensionality reduction technique that greatly decreases the size of the non-linear data. The three dimensional image data obtained from the system, which are connected with it, are dimensionally reduced, and then lightweight encryption algorithm is employed. Hence, the security backlog can be solved effectively using this method.     

An efficient method of generating vortex electromagnetic wave based on double‐layer transmissive metasurface

A broadband double‐layer transmissive metasurface (TMS) for effective generate vortex electromagnetic wave is presented in this paper. The proposed TMS consists of two types of elements. The first element is composed of a multi‐resonant dipole and four metal vias. The metal vias increase the coupling strength between the upper and lower layers to improve transmission efficiency. On the basis of the first element, the second element adds stubs to ensure sufficient phase shift. The far‐field cross polarisation is eliminated by special element arrangement. Then, a centre‐fed linear polarisation TMS is designed to generate orbital angular momentum beams with mode l = ? 1. The proposed TMS is designed, manufactured and measured to verify the proposed design. The measured results indicate that a maximum gain of 20.8 dBi and narrow divergence angle of ±5° are achieved at 18 GHz. Furthermore, mode purity is higher than 86.1% within the 17 to 19 GHz band. The proposed double‐layer TMS saved costs, reduced weight and without assembly error is a good candidate for OAM generator.     

Improved one-dimensional beam model for unbalanced composite single-lap joint

An analytical nonlinear solution was provided for unbalanced composite single-lap joint (CSLJ) using an improved one-dimensional beam model, which incorporated the effect of bending–tension coupling. The bending–tension coupling stiffness was introduced to characterize the coupling bending and tension behavior induced by the un-symmetric stacking sequence of composite laminates. The governing differential equations captured the bending–tension coupling behavior and the geometrically nonlinear features were constructed based on the displacement compatibility conditions of flexible interface. The transverse deformation in overlap region, edge moment factors and adhesive stress distributions for the unbalanced CSLJ with inflexible, intermediate flexibility and flexible adhesive can be determined by the present one-dimensional beam model. The accuracy of the present model was validated by the comparison with nonlinear finite element model. The effect of bending–tension coupling on edge moment factors and peak values of adhesive stresses was shed light on with the present model.     

闪蒸纺纳微米纤维非织造技术的研究进展

为拓展纳微米纤维的制备方法,拓宽防护服面料的来源,对闪蒸法制备纳微米纤维非织造布及其用于防护服的研究进展进行综述。介绍了闪蒸纺丝所用原料的种类及目前存在的问题,对纺丝工艺、纺丝过程及产品进行阐述;总结了闪蒸纺丝技术国内外研究现状及趋势,分析了闪蒸非织造布的特点和应用;讨论了闪蒸非织造布防护服的分类以及目前使用中存在的问题;最后提出闪蒸纺丝技术是目前发展前景良好的纳微米纤维非织造布制备技术,闪蒸非织造布可作为一种理想的防护服面料,发展该技术对提高我国非织造行业技术水平,保护人民生命健康具有重要意义。     

Spiraling elliptic breathers in nonlocal nonlinear media with linear anisotropy

The dynamical properties of spiraling elliptic breathers in nonlocal nonlinear media with linear anisotropy are analytically discussed. Using a two-dimensional asynchronous fractional Fourier transform, the exact analytical solutions of spiraling elliptic breathers are obtained to the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation with unequal diffraction coefficients in the highly nonlocal limit. It is found that the spiraling elliptic breathers exhibit a kind of molecule-like libration due to the combined effects of the linear anisotropy and the orbital angular momentum. The angular velocity of the spiraling elliptic breathers is discussed, which can be controlled by the linear anisotropy parameter. In the media with linear anisotropy such as uniaxial crystals, the angular velocity of the spiraling elliptic breathers can be controlled by changing the propagation directions of optical beams. Furthermore, the nonlinearity of media is found to enhance the rotation effect of spiraling elliptic breathers.     

[学科发展]机构学中机构重构的理论难点与研究进展——变胞机构演变内涵、分岔机理、设计综合及其应用

生产力发展与工程技术革新要求机构具备可自重组与可重构及“一机多用”的功能，以满足复杂工况需求。可重构机构具有可变活动度和可变构态，可以满足多任务、多工况与多功能的要求，然而，决定其设计方法的演变内涵与分岔机理的研究目前仍不为学者们充分了解。从变胞机构的演变与分岔机理的角度，以旋量理论、李群与李代数及微分流形为主要工具，揭示了机构演变内涵及运动与约束空间的内在关联关系；探究了机构演变中的分岔机理与可控奇异位形，回顾了变胞机构与折纸及折展机构的历史渊源，综述了变胞机构的构型设计、性能综合与新型设计理念及其创新应用。