The influence of light on the chroma of aviation kerosene

Influence of light on the chroma of low pressure hydrogenation aviation kerosene was studied using different lights (ultraviolet light, infrared light, sunlight and no light) in the same environment full of oxygen. UV light with short wavelength has the largest influence. Coloring substances were isolated by adsorption on neutral alumina followed by ether extraction and identified by using infrared spectrum, elemental analysis and two-dimensional GC-MS. Oxygen-containing compounds are main coloring substances. Light can provide the required energy to convert unsaturated hydrocarbons and heteroatom compounds to phenols, quinones and ketones.     

A shift of the perceptual attributes of color due to the manifestation of the simultaneous contrast effect on a display

This research shows the effect of simultaneous contrast on a design solution that generates it, and it also shows how its manifestation affects the shift of perception attributes of the observer's color. In the conducted research, 55 subjects had to harmonize the primary stimuli from the reproduction obtained with the help of digital printing technology, with the primary stimuli presented on two computer screens. As a visual harmonization technique, simultaneous binocular harmonization was used. The primary stimuli were made achromatic, with a 50% Raster Tone value (RTV), and are surrounded by achromatic secondary stimuli whose values increase in steps from 10% RTV up to 100% RTV. A shift in the perceptual attributes of color has been shown with the help of the CIEDE2000 system. Using ANOVA with repeated-measures and Fisher's post hoc analysis, statistically significant differences were found between the perceived means of shift in the ΔC₀₀ chroma and ΔL₀₀ lightness on defined samples on both computer screens, while in the case of the ΔH₀₀ hue, no statistically significant differences were observed. The research also determined colorimetric differences in the ΔE₀₀ color difference. Moreover, the student's t test was used to determine that the effect is stronger when manifested on the Lenovo computer than on the Asus computer screen (P < .05).     

Characterization and optimization of color attributes chroma (C*) and lightness (L*) in offset lithography halftone print on packaging boards

The outcome of a print in production run plays a crucial role in commercial and packaging printing. In the growing packaging industry, colorfulness and saturated prints with high chroma attract the eye of the consumer. The design and layout of a packaging carton comprise of images that consist of halftones in the print process, which demand attractiveness and visibility using bright colors. In this research, an effort has been made to identify and analyze various parameters involved in offset lithography affecting color attributes of prints. This study also focused on the investigation of the best process conditions that would yield optimum color values through multiresponse factors such as chroma and lightness. A general full-factorial Design of Experiments (DOE) approach was used to evaluate the effect of prepress parameters such as screen ruling and dot shape and press parameters such ink viscosity and paper smoothness. These parameters were then optimized using a customized response surface design. From the experiment, it was observed that viscosity of the ink was a significant factor that majorly controls the color attributes. The surface smoothness of the paperboard was one of the factors influencing the improvement of color reproduction. A smoother surface makes even contact during ink transfer in the offset printing machine and hence reflects color with a higher chroma. The optimum parameters were as follows: 15 Pa s ink viscosity, 0.77 μm paper smoothness, and 200 lines per inch (lpi) screen ruling that resulted in increasing chroma (C*) in the middle and shadow tones in the halftones.     

微电解Fenton法处理有机废水可行性研究

采用微电解Fenton法处理硫铵酯-苯甲羟肟酸-苯胺黑有机废水。考察了初始pH值、铁屑及活性炭投入量、曝气量、H₂O₂用量、催化剂MnO₂加入量和反应时间对废水COD、NH₃-N和色度去除率的影响。最佳条件为:初始pH=3、铁屑用量70 g/L、活性炭用量80 g/L、H₂O₂用量7 mg/L、MnO₂用量8.0 g/L、曝气量500 mL/(min·L)、反应时间20 min,此时废水COD、NH₃-N和色度的去除率达88.21%、93.57%和98.68%。通过多因素正交实验确定了影响COD、NH₃-N和色度去除率的因素强弱顺序为:铁屑投入量=活性炭投入量>H₂O₂用量>pH值>MnO₂用量。     

聚酯装置水质中色度的测定-仪器法和稀释倍数法

色度是衡量聚酯装置废水是否达标排放的重要指标之一,污染较严重的地面水和工业废水色度使用稀释倍数法测定,为提高检验效率、实现检验自动化,也可采用仪器法测定。本实验为仪器法和稀释倍数法的比较。     

The effects of achromatic and chromatic color schemes on participants' task performance in and appraisals of an office environment

This study explores the effects of chroma on participants' performance and environmental appraisal of an office. The research was conducted in a full‐scale experimental room designed as a private office where achromatic and chromatic color schemes with coequal values were applied. Sixty participants were assigned tasks and given a questionnaire to appraise the spatial color schemes. The findings show that chroma significantly affects performance and space appraisal. In terms of accuracy and time spent performance scores measured significantly better in the room with the chromatic scheme than those in the room with the achromatic scheme. The office with the chromatic scheme was found to be more pleasant, attractive, satisfying and dynamic than the one with the achromatic scheme, whereas the achromatic scheme was thought to be more formal and harmonious. Categorization of pleasantness, harmony, dynamism and spaciousness by factor analysis also showed differences between the achromatic and chromatic schemes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012     

网络出版中文字背景色的优化

网络出版的阅读基于屏幕显示,不同于纸质出版,显示屏幕上呈现文字信息可不拘泥于白色背景。实验针对不同字体和字号的黑色文字,设计了亮白和红、黄、绿、蓝、品红、灰等不同色相的背景颜色,并在一定范围内改变其明亮度和彩度。视觉观测结果表明,因屏幕自发光的亮度很大,其最亮的白色并不适于黑色文字的显示,适合的白色背景是明亮度降低后的一定范围内的灰色。类似地,其他所实验的彩色,适于作为背景色的明度和彩度也都有一定的范围。就适于的范围大小比较而言,包括灰色在内,灰色、黄色、绿色和蓝色的明度范围明显大于红色和品红色;绿色、黄色和蓝色的彩度范围也明显大于红色和品红色,其中绿色的彩度范围尤为宽泛。     

Colorfulness Enhancement Using Image Classifier Based on Chroma-histogram

The paper proposes a colorfulness enhancement of pictorial images using image classifier based on chroma histogram.This ap-poach firstly estimates strength of colorfulness of images and their types.With such determined information,the algorithm automatically adjusts image colorfulness for a better natural image look.With the help of an additional detection of skin colors and a pixel chroma adaptive local processing,the algorithm produces more natural image look.The algorithm performance had been tested with an image quality judgment experiment of 20 persons.The experimental result indicates a better image preference.     

不同品种蓝莓花色苷色素稳定性的比较

本研究探讨了pH值、辅色剂、SO_2、微波对5个不同蓝莓品种(巴尔德温、巨蓝、园蓝、灿烂和安娜)花色苷色素稳定性的影响。结果表明,蓝莓色素在pH4.0时呈红色,且在pH 3.0条件下稳定性较强。不同辅色剂中以对羟基苯甲酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、阿魏酸和单宁酸的辅色作用最强,其次是丁二酸、抗坏血酸和蔗糖,异抗坏血酸则具有显著的减色作用。丁二酸、蔗糖和单宁酸不仅具有辅色作用,而且能够增强花色苷的热稳定性。SO_2和微波处理对蓝莓色素具有破坏作用。在本研究条件下,通过综合分析得出5个蓝莓品种花色苷色素的稳定性由强及弱排序依次为巴尔德温、巨蓝、园蓝、灿烂和安娜。     

水泥及微集料的色度研究(Ⅰ)--基于Lab空间色彩体系的水泥颜色的定量表示及测定

参照日本JIS标准,基于R·S·Hunter提出的Lab空问色彩体系建立了水泥颜色的定量表示方法.该方法可以明确表示出水泥色彩的色相、纯度、明度等色彩特征,并且与目视观察的结果具有很好的一致性.使用色差计可以定量测定水泥和粉煤灰、矿渣粉等微集料的Lab空间色彩体系的参数,这些参数可以为水泥和微集料色度评价和控制提供依据.介绍了水泥色度的测定方法和主要影响因素.