当今设计现实的伦理审视

通过分析当今设计领域的伦理缺失现象,从道德层面对由设计带来的金钱至上、道德沦丧、环境污染和资源浪费等问题进行批判,并提出设计要实现以人的关怀为基准的伦理回归。     

Gender identity: The benefits of a self-schema approach.

Questions S. L. Bem's (see record 1983-21087-001) definition of a gender schema and argues that male and female sex-typed individuals do not have equivalent gender schemata. The high-androgynous individuals are the only ones for whom both masculinity and femininity are equally available and who might be properly termed "gender schematic." (6 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

论全球化语境中我国的饮食消费文化

全球化作为客观历史发展过程,核心是"复杂的联结".全球化语境中的饮食消费文化具有三项基本特征:空前的丰盛性、膨胀的求新性、危险的整体性.对其的批判可以从浪费、盲目和殖民三方面展开,以积极建设全球化语境中的当代审美文化.     

Managing ethical requirements elicitation of complex socio-technical systems with critical systems thinking: A case of course-timetabling project

Complex socio-technical systems pose considerable challenges to requirements elicitation due to dynamic boundary conditions and conflicting perspectives. Traditional requirements engineering is criticized for its failure in providing a systemic view, overlooking ethical concerns and marginalized social perspectives. It is argued that educational institutions as a part of society need to ethically develop and manage their academic processes and consider such perspectives for emancipation. This critical qualitative research applies the emancipatory systemic methodology of critical systems thinking (CST) for the requirements elicitation of a complex and dynamic university course-timetables management problem. Firstly, the problem is ethically formulated to mitigate Type III errors. Secondly, multiple viewpoints are sought for boundary judgments using a CST-based ethical inquiry of boundary critique to reveal the normative content of the project design, explore imbalances amongst the socio-technical design components, and unveil the underlying ethical issues. The dynamic stakeholder network captures the system's emergence through stakeholder interconnectedness and boundary liquidity by sweeping-in relevant stakeholders through the continuum of various states of the project. This work enlightens requirements engineering by coupling systemic and socio-technical lenses for the elicitation of ethical requirements and the emancipation of marginalized perspectives in complex and dynamic information systems projects in general and timetabling problems, in particular.     

海归派建筑师?

文章从探讨“海归派建筑师”这个外加的身份定义下,是否存在着某种行为方式的共性,是否存在一种有意识的社会身份和权力的自我建构等这一系列问题入手,认为由于缺乏主体的自我认同,“海归派建筑师”的身份在当代是难以成立的,在操作层面,比较突出的共性特征是非本土化,这与经济全球化的大环境的明显悖论,其社会根基,源自由于东西方社会落差而产生的市民大众心理深层的对西方榜样的需求,并且其异化而且虚设的话语权力是被社会赋予的。文章最终结论,在全球化环境下,地域身份划分方法的不可靠是产生“海归派建筑师”身份定义可疑的根本原因,因而对于“海归派建筑师”而言．正视地域身份模糊这一事实,或许能够带来基于社会立场的更深层次的思考,而这对检视当代中国建筑转型期的过程,无疑也是有益的。     

Critical heat flux of binary mixtures in pool boiling and its correlation in terms of Marangoni number

Critical heat flux (CHF) in nucleate pool boiling of binary mixtures was newly measured with a horizontal platinum wire, 0.5 mm in diameter, and heated by DC, over the full range of concentrations. Seven mixtures were selected with the intent to cover various types of mixtures: methanol/water, ethanol/water, methanol/ethanol, ethanol/n-butanol, methanol/benzene, benzene/n-heptane and water/ethylene glycol, each in the saturated state at atmospheric pressure. Total 311 raw CHF data were obtained at 75 concentrations including pure components.Aqueous mixtures of methanol and ethanol revealed significant increase of CHF compared to either CHF linearly interpolated between pure components or CHF predicted from a single component correlation with use of the mixture properties. Three organic mixtures showed more or less the same level as an interpolated CHF, while the remaining two mixtures of methanol/benzene and water/ethylene glycol gave the reduced CHF by 20% and 50% at most, respectively. Marangoni number was introduced as a controlling variable to explain the observed increased, invariable, or reduced CHF, and an empirical correlation was developed.     

无中生有

论文以"纽约五"、高科技派(伦敦四)、"解构建筑七人组"为例阐述创新求变是现代建筑发展的灵魂。     

A comparison of critical flow models for estimating two-phase flow of HCFC22 and HFC134a through short tube orifices

An experimental study to investigate the critical flow of refrigerants through short tube orifices has been performed by measuring the mass flowrates and pressure profiles along the short tube orifice. Eight critical flow models have been examined and their results compared with the experimental data for HCFC22 and HFC134a. These models include four homogeneous equilibrium models, two homogeneous frozen models, and two non-homogeneous equilibrium models. The data indicate that the flow was choked when downstream pressures were lower than the saturation pressure corresponding to the upstream temperature. The observed flows through short tube orifices included a lack of equilibrium due to short time of expansion and homogeneous mist flow at the exit plane. These flow trends would be more consistent with the basic assumptions of the homogeneous frozen models. Based on the comparison of the existing critical flow models and experimental data, the homogeneous frozen models showed the best agreement with the measured data except for exit qualities below 0.06.     

Are genetically informed designs genetically informative? Comment on McGue, Elkins, Walden, and Iacono (2005) and quantitative behavioral genetics.

M. McGue, I. Elkins, B. Walden, and W. G. Iacono (see record 2005-14938-011) presented the findings from a twin study examining the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the developmental trajectories of parent-adolescent relationships. From a behavioral genetics perspective, this study is well conceptualized, is well implemented, and raises some interesting developmental questions. Yet, the classic twin methodology and heritability estimates obfuscate the dynamic gene-ecology transactions that underlie these social developmental trajectories. There is a growing divide between the findings of quantitative behavioral genetics, with its foundational estimate of a statistical genetic influence, and developmental molecular genetics. This comment provides a brief overview of this divide and its implications for the findings of McGue et al. as well as quantitative behavioral genetics more broadly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Extension of the applicable range of the implicit curve-fitting method for refrigerant thermodynamic properties to critical pressure

The method of implicit curve-fitting and explicit-calculation has been used for fast and stable calculations of thermodynamic properties of subcritical refrigerants. In order to extend that method to the critical pressure, a method of sectional implicit curve-fitting and explicit-calculation for refrigerant thermodynamic properties is introduced in this paper. The whole data range is divided into several subsections. The requirements on the continuity of thermodynamic properties and the first order derivative of thermodynamic properties in the intersection points of subsections are indicated, and the methods to meet the requirements are presented. Quadric equations are constructed instead of curve-fitting when no data can be given. With the source data obtained from REFPROP 7.1, explicit fast calculation formulae for thermodynamic properties of R410A, covering the saturated temperature of 213.15–344.51 K and superheat of 0–65 K, are given as an example. The calculation speeds of the formulae of R410A are more than 7000 times faster than those of REFPROP 7.1 while the total mean relative deviation of the fast calculation formulae from REFPROP 7.1 is only 0.04%.