汽车产业中的职业技术教育研究

汽车产业是我国的支柱产业,为了落实国家《现代职业教育体系建设规划(2014-2020年)》精神,满足汽车产业经济运行和发展对职业技术人才的需求,通过研究汽车产业经济的职业教育目标指向、如何适应产业经济运行、引领产业经济发展等问题,采用对汽车产业经济结构、产业经济链的结构、科学技术结构、职业教育中学科与专业结构的分析研究,找到了"经济运行维持类"、"科学技术进步类"、"产品创新发展类"职业教育模式,还找到了汽车产业经济链、核心技术、专业课、专业基础课、基础课之间关联结构。对汽车产业高等职业教育具有积极作用。     

创建和发展自然灾害摩擦学

回顾了自然灾害摩擦学孕育的历史背景，阐明其定义、研究对象、社会功能和主要任务。介绍这一新领域研究的主要进展，并提出今后的研究方向。     

基于结构性能的抗震设计理论与方法

基于性能的抗震设计(PBSD)是20世纪90年代国际抗震工程界提出的新概念,也是工程抗震发展史上的一个重要里程碑。详细阐述了基于性能的抗震设计理论产生的背景、基本概念、主要内容和特点,较系统地分析了基于性能的抗震分析和设计方法,并指出了基本性能抗震设计理论与传统设计理论的主要区别。     

Development trend of urban design in “digital age”: Pan-dimensionality and individual-ubiquity

The wave of “digital age” featuring digital information is coming. Digital technology is profoundly changing the societal development direction and evolution paths. It also has significant bearing on production modes, social interactions and lifestyles. With regard to urban design, a system of knowledge about the creation and adaptation of material space forms that integrate humanities, art, technology and materials, digital technology has provided it with a brand-new and revolutionary scientific impetus for its evolution. The result of this evolution is “digital urban design paradigm based on human-computer interaction”, i.e., the urban development is moving toward “pan-dimensionality” and “individual ubiquity”. The future of urban design will construct a new approach to urban research and engineering, which is more complex, capable of accommodating and compatible with multiple goals of “instrumental rationality” and “value rationality”. Such a new approach shall be led by the probabilistic theory of “gray scale thinking”, reflecting quaternary synergetic view of “scientific rationality, ecological rationality, cultural rationality and technical rationality” to realize the cognitive progress of “engineering for the benefit of mankind”.     

基于三种机器学习模型的土力学课程目标达成情况分析研究

针对土木工程专业工程教育专业认证要求,以重庆大学土力学课程为例,采用大数据技术分析土力学课程目标达成情况,并根据评价结果提出教学改进建议。实践证明,大数据技术能够为科学评价专业课程目标达成情况,以及推动本科工程教育的高质量发展提供新的思路。     

教学生命周期视角下课程质量生态环境构建

按照课程启动、质量计划、质量保证、质量控制、课程结束的教学生命周期,建立教学共同体责任矩阵,构建课程质量生态环境,对课程质量施以保证服务。课程启动沿用迈阿密大学课程教学过程规划模式,说明和定义课程的需求,将布卢姆教育目标分类法运用于识别课程目标,围绕教学目标开展教学活动和学习过程评价,提供课程质量计划,采用价值链分析法了解教学行为的“增值”和“贬值”,评估教学行为对教学价值的贡献。在课程质量控制阶段,制定多元化评价模式和实践策略,通过“促进学习的评价”和“做为学习的评价”两种形成性评价关注学生的学习过程。在课程结束时,通过师师反馈、师生反馈及第三方反馈进行课程质量改进。将学习投入作为衡量课程质量的重要因素,数据分析表明,学生在课程满意度和学习绩效等方面具有较高认同度。     

An exergetically-sustainable operational condition of a photo-biohydrogen production system optimized using conventional and innovative fuzzy techniques

The aim of the present study was to perform an exergy-based multi-objective fuzzy optimization of a continuous photobioreactor applied for biohydrogen production from syngas via the water-gas shift reaction by Rhodospirillum rubrum. For this purpose, the conventional and innovative fuzzy optimization techniques coupled with multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural model to optimize the main exergetic performance parameters of the photobioreactor. The MLP neural model was applied to correlate three dependent variables (rational and process exergy efficiencies and normalized exergy destruction) with two independent variables (syngas flow rate and agitation speed). The developed MLP model was then interfaced with three different multi-objective fuzzy optimization systems with independent, interdependent, and locally modified interdependent objectives. The optimization process was aimed at maximizing the rational exergy and process efficiencies, while minimizing the normalized exergy destruction, simultaneously. Generally, the innovative locally modified interdependent objectives fuzzy system showed a better optimization capabilities compared with the other two fuzzy systems. Accordingly, the optimal syngas photo-fermentation for biohydrogen production in the continuous bioreactor corresponded to the agitation speed of 383.34 rpm and syngas flow rate of 13.35 mL/min in order to achieve the normalized exergy destruction of 1.56, rational exergy efficiency of 85.65%, and process exergy efficiency of 21.66%.     

Dynamic rough clustering and its applications

Dynamic data mining has gained increasing attention in the last decade. It addresses changing data structures which can be observed in many real-life applications, e.g. buying behavior of customers. As opposed to classical, i.e. static data mining where the challenge is to discover pattern inherent in given data sets, in dynamic data mining the challenge is to understand – and in some cases even predict – how such pattern will change over time. Since changes in general lead to uncertainty, the appropriate approaches for uncertainty modeling are needed in order to capture, model, and predict the respective phenomena considered in dynamic environments. As a consequence, the combination of dynamic data mining and soft computing is a very promising research area. The proposed algorithm consists of a dynamic clustering cycle when the data set will be refreshed from time to time. Within this cycle criteria check if the newly arrived data have structurally changed in comparison to the data already analyzed. If yes, appropriate actions are triggered, in particular an update of the initial settings of the cluster algorithm. As we will show, rough clustering offers strong tools to detect such changing data structures. To evaluate the proposed dynamic rough clustering algorithm it has been applied to synthetic as well as to real-world data sets where it provides new insights regarding the underlying dynamic phenomena.     

柴油发动机高压共轨燃油喷射技术研究

本本文介绍了柴油机电控燃油喷射技术的发展历程。阐述柴油机高压共轨电控燃油喷射系统的基本组成、工作原理、特点及未来研究方向。     

A fuzzy goal programming model for the simple U-line balancing problem with multiple objectives

A fuzzy goal programming model for the simple U-line balancing (SULB) problem with multiple objectives is presented. In real life applications of the SULB problem with multiple objectives, it is difficult for the decision-maker(s) to determine the goal value of each objective precisely as the goal values are imprecise, vague, or uncertain. Therefore a fuzzy goal programming model is developed for this purpose. The proposed model is the first fuzzy multi-objective decision-making approach to the SULB problem with multiple objectives which aims at simultaneously optimizing several conflicting goals. The proposed model is illustrated using an example. A computational study is conducted by solving a large number of test problems to investigate the relationship between the fuzzy goals and to compare them with the goal programming model proposed by Gökçen and A?pak (Gökçen, H. and A?pak, K., European Journal of Operational Research, 171, 577–585, 2006). The results of the computational study show that the proposed model is more realistic than the existing models for the SULB problem with multiple objectives and also provides increased flexibility for the decision-maker(s) to determine different alternatives.