不同热风干燥温度对乌天麻干燥特性及品质变化的影响

为研究不同热风干燥温度对乌天麻的干燥特性及品质的变化,以新鲜的乌天麻为原料,比较分析了不同热风干燥温度（恒温、升温、降温）对乌天麻干燥特性（干燥时间、含水量、折干比）和品质（浸出物、多糖、天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇）的影响。结果表明：不同干燥温度对乌天麻干燥特性和品质的影响变化明显,且不同指标的变化多呈相反趋势,70 ℃恒温、40~70 ℃缓慢升温干燥对乌天麻的干燥时间、浸出物、天麻素含量具有显著影响（P<0.05）,50 ℃恒温、70~40 ℃快速降温干燥对折干比、多糖和对羟基苯甲醇的影响优势显著（P<0.05）。综合考虑干燥特性和品质,40~70 ℃缓慢升温干燥在保证干燥特性（干燥时间9 d、含水量5.98%）优势前提下也保证了有效成分含量（浸出物21.81 g/100 g、多糖22.92 g/100 g、天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇总量6.04 mg/g）,该研究为乌天麻初加工提供科学的理论依据,指导产地乌天麻初加工标准化。     

广州周大福中心给排水工程设计简介

广州周大福中心又被称作广州东塔,楼高530m,是广州市在建的又一新地标建筑,建成后将成为广州第一高楼。该工程的给排水及水消防系统设计安全要求高,设计难度大。对该工程的给排水系统设计进行简要介绍,并结合工程的设计特点,提出看法及意见,供同类工程借鉴参考。     

A discrete force allocation algorithm for modelling wind turbines in computational fluid dynamics

This paper describes an algorithm for allocating discrete forces in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Discrete forces are useful in wind energy CFD. They are used as an approximation of the wind turbine blades' action on the wind (actuator disc/line), to model forests and to model turbulent inflows. Many CFD codes are designed with collocated variables layout. Although this approach has many attractive features, it can generate a numerical decoupling between the pressure and the velocities. This issue is addressed by the Rhie–Chow control volume momentum interpolation. However, this algorithm does not address the specific cases where discrete forces are present. The velocities and pressure exhibit some significant numerical fluctuations at the position where the body forces are applied. While this issue is limited in space, it is usually critical to accurately estimate the velocity at the position of the wind turbine rotor to estimate correctly the power production and the rotor loading. The method proposed in this paper solves this issue by spreading the force on the direct neighbouring cells and applying an equivalent pressure jump at the cell faces. This can potentially open the possibility of coarsening the mesh where the forces are applied and have a considerable effect in reducing the computational cost of modelling wind turbines, wind farms and forests. This approach gives excellent results with three test cases where an analytical solution is known. This correction is also applicable in other fields of CFD that use discrete body forces. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

室内空间的人性化设计——以潮旺阁潮菜酒楼为例

潮菜酒楼室内空间环境人性化设计是指在设计中体现＂以人为本＂的设计原则,结合潮汕文化习俗,在设计中体现人文关怀与对人性的尊重,营造出一种舒适、高雅,富有潮汕文化韵味的酒楼室内空间环境,达到＂人＂与环境最佳和谐关系。     

基于水文特性的暴雨选样方法的频率转换

为了获得暴雨选样年最大值法与年多个样法之间的频率转换关系,基于降雨资料系列的水文特性,根据雨强相等的原则,推导出采用指数分布适线时的暴雨选样方法之间的频率转换关系,并探讨降雨历时与年均选样个数对转换关系的影响;基于年最大值法与超定量法的Ghahraman Khalili转换关系,提出年最大值法与年多个样法之间的非线性多参数转换关系,并结合雨量站统计参数特性,推导出参数经验公式,以充分体现水文特性的地区性.利用位于不同水文区域的温州西山站和兰溪水文站的降雨资料系列,与Chow式和Ghahraman Khalili式进行对比,验证了提出的转换关系的可行性.     

酸枣自由态和结合态多酚对人主动脉平滑肌细胞表型转化的影响

为研究酸枣肉、酸枣仁、酸枣叶中自由态和结合态多酚对人主动脉平滑肌细胞（human aortic smooth muscle cell,HASMC）表型的转化作用,将酸枣肉、酸枣仁、酸枣叶粉碎后,采用乙醇-酸碱消化法提取多酚;并用福林-酚比色法测定多酚质量浓度,对酸枣肉、酸枣仁、酸枣叶中自由态和结合态多酚质量浓度进行比较评价;倒置显微镜和荧光染色法观察酸枣多酚干预对HASMC表型转化的影响。结果表明：3 种自由态多酚中,酸枣叶自由态多酚（Ziziphus jujuba leaves free polyphenol-ethyl alcohol,ZSLFP-E）得率最高,结合态多酚中酸消化法提取的酸枣叶结合态多酚（Ziziphus jujuba leaves bound polyphenol-2-ethyl alcohol,ZSLBP-2-E）得率最高;ZSLFP-E和酸消化法提取的酸枣仁结合态多酚（Ziziphus jujuba seeds bound polyphenol-2-ethyl alcohol,ZSSBP-2-E）可以明显促进HASMC的形态由合成型（峰谷状）向收缩型（梭形）转变,且呈现时间和剂量依赖性。因此,ZSLFP-E和ZSSBP-2-E可以有效促进HASMC由合成型向收缩型转变,在动脉粥样硬化的预防和治疗中具有一定的应用前景。     

木姜花油化学成分的气相色谱/质谱分析

由黔产唇形科植物木姜花Elsholtzia cypriani(Panmp．)C．Y．Wu et S．Chow．的花提取挥发油，用气相色谱／质谱进行定性分析和峰面积相对百分含量的测定，鉴定出30个化学成分，占总成分的86．6％。主要成分为橙花醛(Neral)26.00％、香叶醛(Geranial)29．59％、芳樟醇(Limloo1)3．36％、橙花醇(Nero1)3．59％、β-石竹烯(β-Caryophyllene)5．04％等。     

基于排序多元Logit模型的卡特尔类机组串谋竞价识别

在电力现货市场建设的初期,识别机组串谋竞价是有效防范发电商串谋行为真正发生的重要环节。依据市场份额将机组分为卡特尔类机组和竞争类机组,针对卡特尔类机组提出了基于排序多元Logit模型的串谋竞价识别方法。首先,依托博弈论原理,分析影响机组报价的因素,构建机组报价回归方程。然后,通过邹检验判断报价影响因素对卡特尔类机组和竞争类机组报价行为的影响程度是否存在差异。若存在差异,则建立卡特尔类机组报价的排序多元Logit模型,并利用似然比检验判断卡特尔类机组的高价序列和低价序列之间是否存在差异,论证卡特尔类机组串谋竞价的可能性。最后,将所提方法应用于某地区电力现货市场中,算例结果显示在5%的显著性水平下,卡特尔类机组存在串谋竞价的可能性。     

How to compute the Chow form of an unmixed polynomial ideal in single exponential time

LetK be a field andF ₁,, F _m homogeneous polynomials in the indeterminatesX ₀ ,, X _n with coefficients inK. We describe anefficiently parallelizable single exponential time algorithm which computes the Chow form of the idealI:= (F ₁ ,, F _m ), provided that I is unmixed. This algorithm requires only linear algebra computations overK.