从消费到创造——消费主义挑战下的共享设计探究

与工业时代相比,信息时代消费主义对于设计的影响只增无减,新的商品和服务层出不穷,令人目不暇接。现代设计之父威廉·莫里斯曾提出将消费者与创造者的身份进行结合的解决办法,这种解决办法在工业时代无法实现,却在信息时代背景下的共享设计中重焕生机。     

Understanding value creation in closed loop supply chains – Past findings and future directions

The topic of value creation through the recovery of returned products in closed loop supply chains is scattered across various bodies of literature. We undertake a systematic literature review of 144 articles in relevant green, reverse and closed loop supply chain literature to synchronize existing knowledge on value creation. Value manifestations of four types of value, namely economic, environmental, information and customer value, are identified. Value adding concepts from the forward- and reverse supply chain may leverage the process of value creation. They are classified into six subclasses, namely partnerships and collaboration, product design characteristics, service concepts, IT solutions, supply chain processes and organizational characteristics. We present a conceptual framework on a strategic level. In this way companies can create competitive advantages by closing the loop. The results of the literature analysis suggest avenues for future research on the operational and strategic level.     

Is open innovation always the best for SMEs? An exploratory analysis at the project level

Open innovation (OI) projects are increasingly adopted by small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Yet, undertaking OI is not only a source of opportunities for SMEs as it can, at the same time, present risks. How SMEs manage the balance between the potential benefits and the emerging challenges of OI is still an overlooked topic in the literature. Using evidence gathered through multiple case studies and drawing upon the relational view of the firm, we explore how and why value creation opportunities and different managerial challenges emerge for SMEs pursuing OI projects. We analyze different stages of OI projects in several different contexts of their implementation. Our analysis sheds light on the different nature and dynamics of knowledge involved within OI projects as important boundary conditions affecting successful search paths, learning processes, and the development of appropriability mechanisms. By offering a contextualized view of OI in SMEs, this study also provides insights to business managers on the situational opportunities and constraints of OI, including managerial suggestions on actions to manage tensions within differing OI projects.     

礼和善:传统"徽式"服饰的演变规律

为了研究传统“徽式”服饰演变的客观规律,从社会学和设计学的角度,以古籍文献和部分藏品实样为研究对象,对不同时期“徽式”服饰在形制、色彩、材料、纹样等特征元素的演变进行了梳理和比较,发现不同时期的“礼制”规范和民间对服饰品“善用”需求的变化,促使了服饰各构成元素及组合方式的演变,并探索了上层建筑、人口结构、经济技术、自然环境等客观因素在“徽式”服饰演变中的作用机制。研究表明,传统“徽式”服饰演变的客观规律是:在“礼”的外部干预和限制下,达到“善”的内在要求,即“从礼求善”的中国传统造物思想。     

Value drivers of blockchain technology: A case study of blockchain-enabled online community

There is growing recognition that blockchain technology has significant potential to alter how organizations and people work and communicate. However, theoretical guidance concerning how organizations leverage blockchain technology to enhance value creation for users is still limited. Grounded in the socio-technical perspective and leveraging the rich data obtained from case analyses of blockchain-enabled online communities, this paper develops a theoretical model to identify the core value drivers that blockchain enables for online communities. The core value drivers include: a reputation-value system, data ownership mechanisms, and verification & tracking mechanisms. Our findings suggest that these three value drivers enhance value creation of online communities by motivating participation and protecting contributions.     

景德镇陶瓷产业集群升级研究——从路径依赖到路径创造

产业集群在演化过程中面临着路径依赖和锁定效应的风险。从景德镇陶瓷产业集群创新能力衰退的原因分析入手,提出景德镇陶瓷产业集群升级的关键在于摆脱低效率的路径依赖,通过路径创造以实现产业结构的优化,进而促进景德镇陶瓷产业集群发展成为具有创新力和竞争力的区域创新系统。     

桥梁工程：科学、技术和工程

桥梁工程学科包括科学研究、技术发开和工程建造。桥梁科学研究的最高目标是科学发现,发现客观存在的规律和问题必须站在前沿,近3年研判出的5项研究前沿和五项开发前沿值得思考;桥梁技术开发的最高目标是技术创新,创新主观需要的工具或方法,必须旨在增值,二次大战后60年以3项桥梁核心技术为代表的60项创新技术发挥了重要作用;桥梁工程建造的最高目标是工程创造,创造客观没有的结构或构件,这必须存在需求,新世纪20项IABSE杰出结构奖造就了18项工程创造和17项技术创新。桥梁工程的未来必然朝着长寿命、特大跨、超深水、多灾害、全信息和可持续等方向发展。     

打造中国的京剧剧场:梅兰芳大剧院创作随笔之一

文章在充分了解中国的国粹京剧演出的特点及特色的基础上,对京剧剧场品质的定位有了新的深入的理解,尝试对演出的载体——剧场本身作一些变革和创新,以适应京剧的传承,发展及开拓。     

环境、情感、文化“嫁接”与建筑创作

西南是中国西部乡土建筑众多的区域,文化的积淀是多彩的,它对现代化新建筑创作、对乡土建筑文化的发展有着深远影响和坚实的根基,本文依西南乡土建筑文化,引东部民间建筑及国外建筑,通过对建筑文化及环境、情感的探讨,进而说明建筑创作应立足于本土建筑文化,同时与外来优秀建筑文化、思想观念“嫁接”,必然产生积极后果。建筑创作应是环境、情感及文化“嫁接”三者关系的产物,是方法,又是原则。     

大学校园建筑创作的适度思想

以现代大学校园建设的快速发展为背景,针对目前存在的实际问题,提出了建筑创作过程中的适度思想。结合作品分析和创作实践体验,从时间维度、场所精神、功效控制、生长过程四个方面阐释了建筑创作适度思想内涵。