SBS Thermoplastic Elastomer Based on Dynamic Metal-Ligand Bond: Structure,Mechanical Properties,and Shape Memory Behavior

A Cooper(II) (Cu²⁺)-nitrogen coordination-crosslinked network is designed in poly(styrene-co-butadiene-co-styrene) (SBS) to change commercial elastomers into advanced soft materials. Herein, ligand groups into SBS molecular chains by the 3,6-di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DPT) click reaction are first introduced. The results from fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are verified the successful modification of SBS. The DPT-grafted SBS could then coordinate with copper sulfate (CuSO₄) to form a Cu²⁺-nitrogen bond, which is further characterized using FT-IR, XPS, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, and geometric structure calculations. After modifying SBS to form an SBS-DPT/CuSO₄ composite (SBS-DPT2-Cu10), the tensile stress is improved from 11.43 to 23.25 MPa, while the elongation at break is remained almost unchanged, and the corresponding toughness is increased from 33.21 to 63.26 MJ m^–3. Moreover, the dynamic nature of the Cu²⁺-nitrogen coordination bonds enables the SBS-DPT/CuSO₄ composite to exhibit sustained thermoplastic performance and excellent shape memory behavior under an external thermal stimulus.     

Nonwoven Ni–NiO/carbon fibers for electrochemical water oxidation

The development of technologically efficient anodes for water oxidation is crucial to improve hydrogen production via water splitting. Electrodes based on metallic active sites dispersed in carbon matrices have been shown to be an attractive way to attain this goal. However, challenges remain to prevent catalyst agglomeration that otherwise can result in a decrease of performance over time.In this work, we report an alternative and efficient method to produce nickel-nickel oxide nanoparticles-embedded in carbon nanofibers (Ni–NiO/C), by the solution blow spinning (SBS) process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses show the carbon nanofibrillar matrix as a robust support, with well-dispersed nickel nanoparticles on the surface. The responses of the linear scanning voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate how a small fraction of nickel on the fiber surface (≈1.2–5.3%) is enough to promote substantial improvement in performance (η = 278 and 309 mV vs RHE for 10 mA cm^?2) and a significant turnover frequency (TOF) values of 1.38 (η = 278) and 1.30 s^?1 (η = 309). These promising results are correlated with a large amount of Ni³⁺ present on the fiber surfaces, as identified by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). This work provides a low-cost and rapid preparation technique that can be extended for the manufacture of a wide variety of electrodes based on metals supported on carbon nanofibers.     

Impact strength elastomer composites based on polystyrene components separated from waste electrical and electronic equipment

The reuse of plastic components of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is an important concern both for environmental issues and to preserve the material resources, with minimum energy consumption. Considering that polystyrene fraction was reported as approximate 80% of the total amount of WEEE plastic, this article aims to evaluate the recycling of this fraction, without separation by components, by melt compounding with styrene-butadiene block-copolymer (SBS) and hydrogenated and maleinized SBS, the blend of the two elastomers acting both as an impact modifier and compatibilizer. The composites are characterized by mechanical analysis, impact tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The recycling conditions of the polystyrene fraction as composites without eliminating the WEEE additives for improved UV and flame resistance, with physical mechanical properties comparable to those of high-impact polystyrene resulted from the study. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48329.     

多因素影响下苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物改性沥青性能分析

通过掺加不同含量糠醛抽出油、红油增塑剂与苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性剂,分析其对SBS改性沥青各性能指标的影响,判断影响SBS改性沥青性能的主要因素。结果表明:改性沥青中SBS改性剂含量是提高软化点、弹性恢复的主要因素;糠醛抽出油含量增大则可明显提高其延度指标,且改善SBS改性沥青的离析程度;红油增塑剂含量增大可大幅提高SBS改性沥青的延度指标,但高温性能下降且离析严重,短期老化后指标下降幅度高于同等含量抽出油老化后指标。因此可在SBS含量确定的情况下,通过掺加适当的糠醛抽出油以改善SBS改性沥青的性能。     

SBS闭水型塑胶跑道施工质量控制

结合工程概况，介绍了SBS闭水型塑胶跑道的施工过程，阐述了各工序操作要点及质量控制的方法，探讨了施工中容易出现的问题及防范措施，从而保证塑胶跑道施工质量。     

The effects of outdoor air supply rate in an office on perceived air quality, sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms and productivity

Perceived air quality, Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms and productivity were studied in a normally furnished office space (108 m3) ventilated with an outdoor airflow of 3, 10 or 30 L/s per person, corresponding to an air change rate of 0.6, 2 or 6 h-1. The temperature of 22 degrees C, the relative humidity of 40% and all other environmental parameters remained unchanged. Five groups of six female subjects were each exposed to the three ventilation rates, one group and one ventilation rate at a time. Each exposure lasted 4.6 h and took place in the afternoon. Subjects were unaware of the intervention and remained thermally neutral by adjusting their clothing. They assessed perceived air quality and SBS symptoms at intervals, and performed simulated normal office work. Increasing ventilation decreased the percentage of subjects dissatisfied with the air quality (P < 0.002) and the intensity of odour (P < 0.02), and increased the perceived freshness of air (P < 0.05). It also decreased the sensation of dryness of mouth and throat (P < 0.0006), eased difficulty in thinking clearly (P < 0.001) and made subjects feel generally better (P < 0.0001). The performance of four simulated office tasks improved monotonically with increasing ventilation rates, and the effect reached formal significance in the case of text-typing (P < 0.03). For each two-fold increase in ventilation rate, performance improved on average by 1.7%. This study shows the benefits for health, comfort and productivity of ventilation at rates well above the minimum levels prescribed in existing standards and guidelines. It confirms the results of a previous study in the same office when the indoor air quality was improved by decreasing the pollution load while the ventilation remained unchanged.     

当代MOMA工程地下防水施工技术

分析了设置地源热泵井的住宅地下室防水工程的难点,对该工程的防水设计及选材作了介绍,并对主要的防水施工工艺作了详细阐述。     

SBS改性沥青的黏温特性研究

SBS改性沥青的黏温特性与普通沥青不同。用目前的黏度测试方法测试SBS改性沥青黏度,根据黏温曲线确定的SBS改性沥青混合料的拌和与压实温度过高,过高的拌和与压实温度会引起SBS改性沥青的老化、环境和生产安全问题。从改性沥青的高温流变特性入手,分析改性沥青的黏度试验方法,研究SBS改性沥青的黏度变化规律。由试验结果可知,当温度低于150℃时,黏度对温度的依赖性很大,但是当温度高于150℃时,黏度对温度的依赖性逐渐减小;随着温度的升高,SBS改性沥青的黏度值对剪切速率的依赖性逐渐减弱。因此在测试SBS改性沥青的黏度时,必须在试验温度下规定相应的剪切速率,这对合理确定SBS改性沥青的拌和与压实温度至关重要。     

Indoor air quality and occupant satisfaction in five mechanically and four naturally ventilated open-plan office buildings

Occupant responses and indoor environment characteristics were recorded and compared in five mechanically and four naturally ventilated open-plan office buildings by using a simple approach that enabled us to survey many buildings simultaneously. All occupant responses were obtained during one afternoon. In a pre-experiment, temperature and the concentration of CO₂ were monitored in 2–10 locations/office to evaluate the variation throughout the offices. A representative measurement point was subsequently selected and measurements of the same parameters were made during one week. All offices were monitored during the same week and occupant responses to the indoor environment were collected via the internet on the same day within that week. The temperature and the CO₂ concentration varied more and were in some cases higher in the naturally ventilated buildings, but occupant responses in terms of symptoms and adverse perceptions differed only modestly between the two building types. Although rarely supported by statistical significance, the results indicated a somewhat higher degree of satisfaction with the indoor environment and a lower prevalence/intensity of symptoms among the occupants in the naturally ventilated buildings.     

自粘卷材防水层渗漏水处理实例

某住宅倒置式屋面防水层，用自粘防水卷材铺贴完成后，在试水过程中检查发现有多处渗漏水。分析渗漏原因，研究处理方案，采用SBS防水卷材热熔法施工，解决了屋面渗漏。