Room temperature response and enhanced hydrogen sensing in size selected Pd-C core-shell nanoparticles: Role of carbon shell and Pd-C interface

In the present work, the effect of carbon shell around size selected palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on hydrogen (H₂) sensing has been studied by investigating the sensing response of Pd-C core-shell nanoparticles having a fixed core size and different shell thickness. The H₂ sensing response of sensors based on Pd and Pd-C nanoparticles deposited on SiO₂ and graphene substrate has been measured over a temperature range of 25 °C–150 °C. It is observed that Pd-C nanoparticle sensor shows higher sensitivity with increase in shell thickness and faster response/recovery in comparison to that of Pd nanoparticle samples. Pd-C nanoparticles show room temperature H₂ sensitivity in contrast to Pd nanoparticles which respond only at higher temperatures. Role of carbon shell is also understood by investigating H₂ sensing properties of Pd and Pd-C nanoparticles on graphene substrates. These results show that higher catalytic activity and electronic interaction at Pd-C interface, a complete coverage and protection of Pd surface by carbon and presence of structural defects in nanoparticle core are important for room temperature and higher sensing response.     

Mullite-bonded SiC-whisker-reinforced SiC matrix composites: Preparation,characterization, and toughening mechanisms

A novel mullite-bonded SiC-whisker-reinforced SiC matrix composite (SiCw/SiC, SiC whisker-to-SiC powder mass ratio of 1:9) was designed and successfully prepared. Before preparing the composite, the inexpensive lab-made SiCw was first modified by an oxidation/leaching process and then coated with Al₂O₃. The kinetics results indicate that the oxidation process can be described by improved shrinking-cylinder models. The aspect ratio of SiCw improved after modification. Subsequently, raw materials with a SiC–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ triple-layered structure were obtained after the Al₂O₃-coating process and used as feedstocks during the subsequent hot-pressing sintering. Finally, the characterization of the composites indicates that the mullite-bonded sample performs better (relative density of 93.8?±?1.4%, flexural strength of 533.3?±?18.2?MPa, fracture toughness of 13.6?±?2.1?MPa?m^1/2, and Vickers hardness of 20.6?±?2.5?GPa) than the reference sample without the mullite interface. The improved toughness could essentially be attributed to the moderately strong interface bonding and effective load transfer effects of the mullite interface.     

基于SOGWO的电力系统稳定器参数优化

电力系统稳定器(Power System Stabilizer, PSS)是抑制电力系统低频振荡的主要手段。提出选择反向运算灰狼优化(Selected Opposition-Based Grey Wolf Optimizer, SOGWO)算法对PSS进行参数优化。首先,选择典型的PSS实现类型,并设置优化过程的目标函数。其次,利用选择反向学习算法加快搜索速度,增强灰狼算法的全局搜索性能。最后,应用IEEE四机两区域系统模型验证所提方法的有效性。此外,分别对PSS参数进行PSO、GWO、SOGWO的100次优化,由统计出的阻尼比最大值、最小值、平均值以及标准差数据可知：三种优化算法均能较好地避免陷入局部最优并快速收敛,而SOGWO优化PSS参数的鲁棒性更好。     

土木工程专业岩土工程方向毕业设计选题研究

毕业设计是工科院校重要的综合性实践教学环节。文章以河南城建学院土木工程专业为例,从专业知识需要、设计内容、工程实践要求等方面对土木工程专业岩土工程方向毕业设计选题进行了论述和研究,主张学生参与选题、理论知识与工程实践相结合等,以提高毕业设计质量。     

whittle软件境界优化设计的理念与技术方法

介绍了国外设计咨询公司处理矿石损失贫化及构建采矿模型的理念与方法,并对whittle软件优化境界的概念及技术进行了详细论证。     

660MW超超临界锅炉引风机抢风原因分析及防治

介绍某电厂660MW超超临界机组发生的引风机抢风事故的过程,重点阐述轴流式风机并列运行的特点,分析引风机抢风的原因,提出了机组实际运行中的防治措施。     

BP神经网络在三电平逆变器消谐中的应用

提出了应用反向传播(BP)神经网络消除中点箝位型三电平逆变器中的谐波技术。以消除5,7,11,13次谐波为例,在分析特定谐波消除脉宽调制(SHEPWM)技术原理的基础上,建立了用于求解开关角的BP神经网络模型,通过遗传算法以离线方式获取了测试样本,完成神经网络的训练。训练完成的BP神经网络根据给定调制度的大小,以非线性拟合的方式在线求解开关角。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法克服了传统数值法求解消谐方程时初值选择困难的情况,将离线计算和在线求解的方法相结合,可实现实时的开关角求解。     

Selected mapping technique for reducing PAPR of single‐carrier signals

Single‐carrier transmission with frequency‐domain equalization (SC‐FDE) is widely known as a promising transmission technique providing low error probability with low peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) of transmit signal. However, the low‐PAPR property of SC‐FDE cannot be maintained if multi‐level data modulation is introduced. The low‐PAPR property of SC‐FDE can be maintained by applying transmit filtering with roll‐off factor at the expense of spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we propose two types of selected mapping (SLM) to reduce the PAPR of SC‐FDE transmit signal. The first SLM technique is conducted in the frequency domain, where the phase rotation is applied to subcarriers similar to the SLM technique for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission. The second SLM technique is conducted in the time domain, where the phase rotation is applied directly to data‐modulated symbol sequence. Computer simulation confirms that both SLM techniques are able to reduce the PAPR of SC‐FDE signal without significant degradation of bit‐error rate performance and spectrum efficiency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of nisin A,nisin Z and their degradation products by LCMS/MS

The peptides nisin A and nisin Z belong to type-A lantibiotics applied as preservatives in cheese production. The present study optimised and validated a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) method for the analysis of nisin A in cheese. Since nisin A was not detectable in nisin-containing commercial cheese samples, an additional LCMS/MS method for the quantification of nisin Z was developed and validated. Quantification was performed by external calibration and standard addition. The latter method provided a non-significantly higher recovery rate for the tested cheese matrix. During the production of processed cheese, nisin A and nisin Z undergo significant degradation. Six degradation products of nisin A or nisin Z, respectively, were detected and assigned to nisin A/Z + H₂O, nisin A/Z^1–32, and nisin A/Z^1–32 + H₂O. In two out of eight commercial processed cheese samples, 1.6, resp. 1.7 mg nisin Z/kg cheese was measured, whereas nisin A was not detectable in any of the samples.