Dietary differences among commercially important fishes in Lake Tanganyika assessed using stable isotope analysis

The pelagic fishery of Lake Tanganyika, which is largely made up of the three species Lates stappersii, Limnothrissa miodon, and Stolothrissa tanganicae, has been in decline, and there is no clear understanding of the primary underlying causes. It has been suggested that climate change has altered the primary productivity of the system, but detailed knowledge of the system's food web is required to elucidate the effect on higher trophic levels. The aim of this study is to determine the diet of the three commercially important fish species. Muscle tissue samples for stable isotope analysis were taken from February through April 2017, supplemented with stomach samples from L. stappersii for use in stomach content analysis. The stomach analysis showed an ontogenetic change in the diet composition of L. stappersii, shifting from copepods to fish larvae, supplemented with shrimp, to whole fish prey as the fish grew larger. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values from fish muscle were consistent with this observation, and also seemed to indicate that fish of similar sizes had similar diets, irrespective of species. This suggests that the diet of the pelagic fish species might be better explained by size, rather than species. The isotope data revealed a short range of δ¹⁵N values from primary consumers to fish, which may help explain the high fisheries productivity of Lake Tanganyika, and the strong impact of primary productivity changes on fisheries yield.     

Enriching Context Information for Entity Linking with Web Data

Journal of Computer Science and Technology - Entity linking (EL) is the task of determining the identity of textual entity mentions given a predefined knowledge base (KB). Plenty of existing...     

基于关联规则的网络行为分析

网络用户访问网站的过程中,产生了大量的用户浏览网页的相关记录,隐含着用户在上网过程中的行为习惯。但其中潜在的用户信息难以发现。因此,急需有效的方法提取这些数据中的信息,数据挖掘应用而生。其中,关联规则技术是应用广泛的技术之一。文中利用Apriori算法对Web结构数据进行关联规则挖掘,所得到的规则反映出页面之间的链接关系。分析挖掘结果可得到用户访问的行为规律,为相关网站的安全性和优化改进提供有效的决策依据。     

Automated prediction system of household energy consumption in cities using web crawler and optimized artificial intelligence

The supply of electrical energy is critical to convenient and comfortable living. However, people consume a large amount of energy, contributing to an energy crisis and global warming, and damaging some ecological cycles. Residential electricity consumption has greater elasticity than industrial and business consumption; it therefore has high energy-saving potential. This work establishes an automated platform, which provides information about residential electricity consumption in each city in Taiwan. Machine learning was used to forecast future residential electricity demand. A nature-inspired optimization method was applied to enhance the accuracy of the best machine learner, yielding an even better hybrid ensemble model. Performance measures indicate that the resulting model is accurate and provides effective information for reference. An automatic web-based system based on the model was combined with a web crawler and scheduled to run automatically to provide information on monthly residential electricity consumption in each county and city. By providing energy consumption information across the country, power providers and government can discuss policy and set different goals for energy use. The results of this study can facilitate the early implementation of energy-saving and carbon emission-reducing in cities and aid utility companies in establishing energy conservation guidelines.     

Additional deepwater sampling of prey fish in Lake Michigan annual bottom trawl survey reveals new insights for depth distribution dynamics

Beginning in 2013, sites at the 128-m bottom depth contour were added to the sampling design of the annual Lake Michigan bottom trawl survey for prey fish, which has been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC) each fall since 1973, to better assess fish depth distributions in a changing ecosystem. The standard sampling design included bottom depths from 9 to 110 m, although the GLSC also sporadically conducted bottom trawl tows at the 128-m bottom depth contour during 1973–1988. Enactment of this new sampling design in 2013 revealed that mean biomass density of deepwater sculpins (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) at the 128-m depth exceeded the sum of mean biomass densities at shallower depths, indicating that the bulk of the deepwater sculpin population is residing in waters deeper than 110 m. Thus, our findings supported the hypothesis that the depth distribution of the deepwater sculpin population had shifted to deeper waters beginning in 2007, thereby explaining, at least in part, the marked decline in deepwater sculpin abundance since 2006 based on the standard sampling design. In contrast, our results did not support the hypothesis that the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) population had shifted to deeper waters sometime after 2000. A portion of the burbot (Lota lota) population may have also shifted in depth distribution to waters deeper than 110 m after 2007, based on our results. Our findings have served as an impetus to further expand the range of depths sampled in our bottom trawl survey.     

矩形钢管混凝土翼缘-蜂窝钢腹板H形截面组合短柱轴压性能试验研究

为研究矩形钢管混凝土翼缘-蜂窝钢腹板H形截面组合短柱(STHCC)的轴压性能,进行了16根STHCC短柱的轴压静力试验。主要研究参数包括约束效应系数、混凝土立方体抗压强度、翼缘钢管腹板厚度和柱长细比。通过轴压试验得到STHCC短柱试件的试验现象和破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线、钢管翼缘和蜂窝钢腹板的荷载-应变曲线,分析了四参数对STHCC短柱轴压承载力的影响规律及受力机理。结果表明：钢管的外表面会产生吕德尔滑移线,所有试件钢管混凝土翼缘均呈剪切型破坏;试件荷载-位移曲线大致可分为弹性、弹塑性、荷载下降和残余变形等四段。随着约束效应系数和蜂窝钢腹板厚度的增加,试件的轴压承载力逐渐提高;随着长细比的增大,试件的轴压承载力却逐渐下降。最后,通过引入组合效应修正系数和综合影响变量,建立了与试验结果吻合较好的STHCC短柱轴压承载力计算式,并给出了该类轴压短柱的设计建议。     

残余应力对等截面H型钢梁相关屈曲的影响分析

以有限元分析软件ANSYS为工作平台,基于非线性板壳有限元分析理论,采用大挠度弹塑性分析方法,对轻型门式刚架中H型钢梁相关屈曲性能进行了深入的研究,主要考察了残余应力对等截面H型钢梁相关屈曲性能的影响,获得到了一些有价值的结论。     

波形钢腹板组合箱梁剪力滞效应的空间有限元分析

采用空间有限元法分析了波形钢腹板组合箱梁的剪力滞效应及主要结构参数对剪力滞效应的影响 ,并通过模型试验验证了计算模型的可靠性 ;提出了可供工程设计用的剪力滞系数计算经验公式和实用图表 ;为完善规范有关组合箱梁剪力滞系数的计算提供了理论依据     

栓焊刚性节点先拧后焊施工性能的试验研究

本文研究了焊接对栓焊混用节点连接性能的影响!通过依靠摩擦传递外力板的有限元分析,得出 了焊接作用下栓焊节点域的应力分布。并通过试验测定了焊接时节点域的温度分布,高强度螺栓预拉力变 化和节点板的收缩变形。最后即对高强度螺栓预拉力影响问题提出了施工建议。