基于水平集的围猎式水下传感器节点布置研究

水下传感器网络作为一种探索和开发海洋的新方法,在人类不易接触的水下区域的探测和监测中发挥着重要作用,是无线传感器网络领域研究的热点.在水下空间中传感器节点如何自主调整位置实现对“兴趣域”的覆盖和监视是一个重要课题.该文引入水平集理论LSM,提出了一种基于水平集的围猎式水下传感器节点布置方法.在该方法中网关节点根据传感器节点的位置信息和可能感知到的兴趣域信息,以能量泛函计算兴趣域边缘参数,传感器节点以此参数为根据,完成趋向兴趣域边缘的迁移;大量节点的迁移可逐步演化成对兴趣域的围猎式布置.同时,该文建立了结构相似度SSIM和网络能耗均衡度两个性能评价指标,以评估该文方法在实现兴趣域驱动的水下节点布置的综合性能.大量仿真实验结果表明,该方法在不同节点规模、节点密度和兴趣域形状情况下均可实现对兴趣域边缘的动态地、围猎式地覆盖,从而达到对兴趣域的有效跟踪和监视.     

基于骨架提取的水下传感器网络刚性定位判别研究

水下传感器网络可用于海洋资源勘测、污染监测和战术监视等领域,已成为无线传感器网络方向的研究热点.在水下三维空间中如何对位置未知的节点进行可定位性判别,并实施有效定位,从而为水下监测应用提供位置信息是一个基础的关键问题.该文引入刚性图理论,提出了一种基于骨架提取的水下传感器网络刚性定位判别方法.该方法首先将水下传感器网络构建为无向图,然后通过“伪节点剔除”和“割边剔除”等策略提取具有全局刚性的子图,即网络的骨架,从而完成网络及节点可定位性的判别,最后利用层次分析法对可定位节点进行“定位可信度”综合排序,为定位计算提供指导和依据.大量仿真实验结果表明该方法在不同网络规模、节点密度和网络连通性情况下均具有较高的判别成功率和有效性.     

A Monte Carlo Enhanced PSO Algorithm for Optimal QoM in Multi-Channel Wireless Networks

In wireless monitoring networks, wireless sniffers are distributed in a region to monitor the activities of users. It can be used for fault diagnosis, resource management and critical path analysis. Due to hardware limitations, wireless sniffers typically can only collect information on one channel at a time. Therefore, it is a key topic to optimize the channel selection for sniffers to maximize the information collected, so as to maximize the quality of monitoring (QoM) of the network. In this paper, a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based solution is proposed to achieve the optimal channel selection. A2D mapping particle coding and its moving scheme are devised. Monte Carlo method is incorporated to revise the solution and significantly improve the convergence of the algorithm. The extensive simulations demonstrate that the Monte Carlo enhanced PSO (MC-PSO) algorithm outperforms the related algorithms evidently with higher monitoring quality, lower computation complexity, and faster convergence. The practical experiment also shows the feasibility of this algorithm.     

刚性驱动水下传感器节点自组织布置

水下传感器网络可用于海洋资源勘测、污染监测和战术监视等领域,已成为无线传感器网络的研究热点.在开放式动态的水下环境中传感器节点如何自主调整部署位置以达到高的网络覆盖度和连通性,从而保证最优的监测质量是一个关键问题.该文引入刚性理论,定义了节点域的“刚性-覆盖值”作为水下传感器节点所处位置的评价指标,并基于此设计了刚性驱动的节点移动策略,从而构建了完整的节点自组织布置方法.理论分析和仿真实验结果表明该水下传感器节点自组织布置方法可以使网络演化出优良的覆盖度和连通性,并且具有分布式可实现、收敛速度快、鲁棒性强的优点.