“Laboratorio Q”, Seville: creative production of collective spaces before and after austerity

The creative city approach is going through a redefinition after the 2008 global financial crisis. In the specific case of South-European cities, in the context of austerity and cuts in public investment, creativity is becoming a strategy for achieving maximum social benefit and improvement of the built environment with minimum economic expenditure. This paper looks at this redefinition of creativity through the case study of Seville, in southern Spain. Through research methods that include video-recorded testimonies of the actors involved, mapping at the online platform “Laboratorio Q”, and public engagement activities, this paper explores how the civic society, professional, and public authorities have reinvented how to produce collective spaces. The paper concludes that bottom-up creative processes for producing collective spaces have become more visible since the 2008 crisis, when architects, planners, public authorities and policy-makers have been “learning” from them.     

Lessons from a Minimal Genome: What Are the Essential Organizing Principles of a Cell Built from Scratch?

One of the primary challenges facing synthetic biology is reconstituting a living system from its component parts. A particularly difficult landmark is reconstituting a self-organizing system that can undergo autonomous chromosome compaction, segregation, and cell division. Here, we discuss how the syn3.0 minimal genome can inform us of the core self-organizing principles of a living cell and how these self-organizing processes can be built from the bottom up. The review underscores the importance of fundamental biology in rebuilding life from its molecular constituents.     

邻近地铁隧道的软土深基坑变形实测分析

上海外滩596地块超深基坑紧邻地铁9号线区间隧道及一系列管线和建筑物。为控制基坑施工对周边环境(尤其地铁隧道)的影响,本项目设计采取分坑顺作、两墙合一地下连续墙、钢支撑轴力补偿体系、被动区加固、抽条分块开挖等系列措施。实测结果表明,远离地铁侧的地下连续墙最大变形为45.6 mm,邻近地铁侧地下连续墙最大变形为17.2 mm,邻近地铁隧道的最大隆起量为12.9 mm。所采用的设计方案满足了地铁的变形控制要求。     

中国古代居住形态的变迁初探

点选了一些特定的历史时期和朝代都城的居住区建设,考察了中国古代居住态的变迁,并试图从“自下而上”与“自上而下”两方面评价居住的规则和形态的演化原因。     

多种围护结构在超大面积深基坑工程中的组合设计

超大面积深基坑工程周边环境条件多样,在满足基坑安全和环境保护要求的前提下,多种围护结构的结合应用更为合理和有效。本文以杨浦大学城一期基坑工程为背景,对采用“中心顺作、周边一明一暗顺逆作结合”的方法进行施工的基坑工程的围护结构设计进行了详细的介绍和分析。该工程采用了除型钢水泥土搅拌墙以外上海地区目前常用的所有围护结构形式,多种围护结构形式在基坑工程的整体设计中通过合理的平面组合和空间结合,在工程安全性、合理性、经济性等方面都发挥了更好的作用,为同类基坑工程的设计提供借鉴和参考。     

北京市“十三五”时期民用建筑节能潜力研究

运用"自下而上"节能措施法,通过新建建筑采暖节能、既有建筑节能改造、可再生能源建筑应用、公共建筑节能监管等节能措施,得到"十二五"外推、强化政策以及极端政策三种情景下,将分别产生节能潜力391.31,602.95和804.41万t标煤。采用"自上而下"能耗分析法,得到由人口总量和建筑面积总量控制能够产生的节能潜力236.67万t标煤,仅次于城镇新建建筑采暖节能潜力。因此,在"十三五"建筑节能工作中,不仅要重视建筑节能措施本身,还要考虑相关宏观因素的作用,从更大范围和更广视角来对待建筑节能工作。     

基于VC++平台的LR语法分析器的分析与实现

讨论了LR分析器的工作原理及过程,并采用VC 完成了LR分析器的实现,包括文法的收集、项目的生成回显、项目集族的构造以及LR(0)分析表的生成显示。     

虚拟装配中的混合设计建模方法研究

针对现有虚拟装配建模方法不能为装配序列规划提供完整模型信息的问题,分析了自底向上和自顶向下建模方法在虚拟装配应用中的优、缺点,根据装配序列规划的要求,结合两种建模设计方法的优点,提出了一种混合设计方法建立产品的装配模型。该方法采用自顶向下建模方法进行了产品总体设计,使装配模型具有产品的结构层次关系信息;在产品细节设计上采用了自底向上建模方法,使装配模型具有零部件的约束关系信息,得到了完整的产品装配模型信息。通过建模应用实例,验证了混合设计建模方法的可行性,以及模型信息的易提取性。研究结果表明,利用混合设计建模方法得到的模型,能够满足虚拟装配对产品装配模型的要求,可以为虚拟装配序列规划提供完整的模型信息。     

Visual function and cognitive aging: Differential role of contrast sensitivity in verbal versus spatial tasks.

Cognitive and sensory function are correlated in older adults. Sensory function may provide an index of neurological integrity (common-cause hypothesis). Declining sensory input may also directly impair cognition (direct-cause hypothesis). Accordingly, sensory function should more strongly predict cognitive performance and should account for more age-related variability in tasks with higher sensory demands. In a cross-sectional adult life span sample, visual contrast sensitivity was a better predictor and accounted for more of the age-related variability in high sensory-demand tasks, compared with low sensory-demand tasks, consistent with the direct-cause hypothesis. The results suggest a direct role for sensory function in cognitive aging when task conditions place heavy demands on sensory processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Modular synthesis of Petri nets for modeling flexible manufacturing systems

This paper proposes a modular Petri net synthesis method for modeling flexible manufacturing systems based on synchronization among control processes of the manufacturing resources (such as robots and machines). In the method, the target system is modeled in a bottom-up and uniform manner by first describing the system's control processes using strongly connected state machines (SCSMs) as the basic modules. Each SCSM may contain multiple tokens to represent resources from the same type such as spaces in a buffer. Next, the common transitions and common transition subnets of the modules are merged to represent their synchronization. The system model constructed is proven to be conservative and thus bounded. Moreover, a restricted class of merged nets is proven to be live and reversible. For general classes of merged nets, this paper shows theorems that easily calculateP-invariants of the final net without solving the linear system equations. TheseP-invariants can be used to help in verifying the model's qualitative properties such as liveness.