Energy management system for smart grid: An overview and key issues

Energy crisis and the global impetus to “go green” have encouraged the integration of renewable energy resources, plug-in electric vehicles, and energy storage systems to the grid. The presence of more than one energy source in the grid necessitates the need for an efficient energy management system to guide the flow of energy. Moreover, the variability and volatile nature of renewable energy sources, uncertainties associated with plug-in electric vehicles, the electricity price, and the time-varying load bring new challenges to the power engineers to achieve demand-supply balance for stable operation of the power system. The energy management system can effectively coordinate the energy sharing/trading among all available energy resources, and supply loads economically in all the conditions for the reliable, secure, and efficient operation of the power system. This paper reviews the framework, objectives, architecture, benefits, and challenges of the energy management system with a comprehensive analysis of different stakeholders and participants involved in it. The review paper gives a critical analysis of the distributed energy resources behavior and different programs such as demand response, demand-side management, and power quality management implemented in the energy management system. Different uncertainty quantification methods are also summarized. This review paper also presents a comparative and critical analysis of the main optimization techniques used to achieve different energy management system objectives while satisfying multiple constraints. Thus, the review offers numerous recommendations for research and development of the cutting-edge optimized energy management system applicable for homes, buildings, industries, electric vehicles, and the whole community.     

一种数据类型易扩展的通用遥测事后数据处理方法

提出了一种数据类型易扩展的通用遥测事后数据处理方法,给出了五层处理模型和树状数据结构,并介绍了它的三大核心机制：任务机制、插件机制和条件机制.该方法有效提高了挑路的通用性和对新增数据类型的适应性.经过实践检验,该方法实现了多型号通用,是一种性能优良的处理方法.     

变电站辅助设备监控系统三维建模及展示技术研究

目前变电站缺乏辅助设备监控系统三维建模方面研究,而且现有模型存在单个设备体积过大,难以展现设备状态、功能和运动动作等问题。探索构建了一种适用于变电站辅助设备运维管理的三维模型,包括建模方法、建模流程以及三维模型与辅控子系统之间的映射关系。在此基础上定义三维模型库和三维插件之间的接口和数据交互,开发出基于插件动态载入技术的三维控件,实现三维控件与辅控主机的接口,将设备状态信息及检测数据在三维模型上实时展现出来。并与辅助设备监控系统故障报警进行智能联动,为变电站运维人员提供了直观形象、交互友好的监控人机界面。     

[智能感知]基于粒子群优化支持向量机算法的行驶工况识别及应用

实车采集4种典型行驶工况数据,采用随机数法提取并扩充行驶工况识别训练及测试样本,利用多元统计理论对数据进行处理,基于粒子群优化的支持向量机(PSO-SVM)算法来进行行驶工况识别,分析了识别周期及更新周期对行驶工况在线识别精度的影响。将行驶工况识别技术应用在插电式混合动力汽车的能量管理策略中。仿真结果表明,相对于未采用行驶工况识别技术以及采用传统SVM算法进行工况识别的能量管理策略,基于PSO-SVM算法工况识别的能量管理策略使整车燃油经济性分别提高9.836%和4.348%,并且电池荷电状态(SOC)变化相对平稳,有利于提高系统效率和延长电池寿命。     

Self-learning energy management for plug-in hybrid electric bus considering expert experience and generalization performance

A self-learning energy management is proposed for plug-in hybrid electric bus, by combining Q-Learning (QL) and Pontryagin's minimum principle algorithms. Different from the existing strategies, the expert experience and generalization performance are focused in the proposed strategy. The expert experience is designed as the approximately optimal reference state-of-charge (SOC) trajectories, and the generalization performance is enhanced by a multiply driving cycle training method. In specific, an efficient zone of SOC is firstly designed based on the approximately optimal reference SOC trajectories. Then, the agent of the QL is trained off-line by taking the expert experience as reference SOC trajectories. Finally, an adaptive strategy is proposed based on the well-trained agent. Specially, two different reward functions are defined. That is, the reward function in the off-line training mainly considers the tracking performance between the expert experience and the SOC, while mainly considering the punishment in the adaptive strategy. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy has good generalization performance and can improve the fuel economy by 22.49%, compared to a charge depleting-charge sustaining (CDCS) strategy.     

Standardized ecological indicators to assess aquatic food webs: The ECOIND software plug-in for Ecopath with Ecosim models

Ecological indicators are useful tools to analyse and communicate historical changes in ecosystems and plausible future scenarios while evaluating environmental status. Here we introduce a new plug-in to the Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) food web modelling approach, which is widely used to quantitatively describe aquatic ecosystems. The plug-in (ECOIND) calculates standardized ecological indicators. We describe the primary functionality of ECOIND and provide an example of its application in both static and temporal-spatial dynamic modelling, while we highlight several related features including a new taxonomy input database (species traits) and the ability to analyse input uncertainty on output results. ECOIND adds new capabilities to the widely used EwE food web modelling approach and enables broadening its applications into biodiversity and conservation-based frameworks to contribute to integrated ecosystem analyses.     

陶瓷过滤机超声波清洗装置结构分析

介绍陶瓷过滤机超声波清洗装置两种不同的结构形式,对各自工作原理和结构形式进行了分析比较。采用升降式超声波清洗装置提高了陶瓷过滤机系统的稳定性和可靠性;实际工业应用中的运行维护更加方便,降低了维护难度。为陶瓷过滤机拓展在强腐蚀性物料脱水过滤领域中的应用创造了条件。但是,采用升降式超声波清洗装置会导致陶瓷过滤机的制造成本增加。     

插电式混合动力汽车相关技术与前景展望

插电式混合动力汽车可以通过充电装置从电网获取电能,减少了对发动机的依赖.因其较多地使用网电,燃料消耗低,节能减排效果显著,被认为是一种当前最易接受的、市场前景乐观的混合动力电动汽车驱动模式.就插电式混合动力汽车相关技术进行阐述,旨在分析其产业化的技术瓶颈及其发展前景.     

PHEV 复合电源系统双向DC/DC 变换器建模

针对插电式混合动力汽车(plug-in hybrid electric vehicle,PHEV)复合电源系统存在的高频动态特性、计 算量大和混杂特性等问题,提出一种双向DC/DC 变换器的混杂自动机模型。通过分析PHEV 复合电源系统的工作原 理,根据拉格朗日力学理论,建立双向DC/DC 变换器各工作模态的数学模型,再基于混杂自动机理论并结合离散 化处理得到PHEV 复合电源双向DC/DC 变换器混杂自动机模型,并使用仿真实验对其进行验证。仿真结果表明： 该模型计算量适中、跟踪精度高,能完整地描述系统的各个工作模态,兼顾了CCM 模式和DCM 模式,具有实际应 用价值。     

基于BIM设计软件的工程量计算实现方法研究

选择基于Revit软件的ODBC开发方法,通过分析并改进Revit软件中工程量计算规则,建立构件属性与插件的数据映射,开发附加在Revit2013上的算量插件,能够输出符合清单规则的构件工程量;通过论证BIM设计软件输出清单量的可行性,有利于设计与造价BIM信息的对接和互用。