膨润土在处理重金属废水中的应用

本文对膨润土在重金属废水处理领域的应用及研究现状做了综述,并展望了其应用前景。     

油页岩灰渣提取纳米α-Al_2O_3的方法研究

以油页岩为原料合成纳米α-Al2O3,采用表面活性剂超声辅助分散制备氢氧化铝前躯体,再用共沸蒸馏干燥的综合处理制备超细纳米氧化铝,并以共沸蒸馏法干燥,用XRD、TEM、BET进行分析,用热重/差热、红外、XPS进行表征,实验结果表明,所得的纳米氧化铝分散均匀,粒径为50-80nm,表面活性剂超声结合共沸蒸馏的方法对防止前躯体硬团聚很有效。     

X射线荧光光谱法直接测定茶叶中22种元素

拟定了采用粉末样品压片制样 ,利用X射线荧光光谱仪测定茶叶中 2 2种元素 (Al,As,Ba ,Ca,Cl,Co ,Cr,Cu ,Fe,K ,Mg ,Mn ,P ,S ,Si,Sr,Pb ,Ni,Ti,V ,Zn ,Rb)的方法。应用X40软件中的PHILIPS数学模式对基体效应、元素间的谱线重叠干扰等作了有效的校正。本方法可用于茶叶中多元素同时测定     

油页岩灰渣制备纳米γ-Al_2O_3的方法研究

本文研究了以油页岩灰渣为原料提取纳米γ-Al2O3的方法,该方法包括浸取和烧结两个步骤。以表面活性剂进行表面改性,辅以超声震荡,最后以正丁醇为置换剂进行共沸蒸馏去除前躯体表面的羟基以及吸附的水分子。用X-射线衍射、透射扫描电镜、比表面积(BET)检测手段对制备出的氧化铝纳米粉末进行了分析。试验结果表明,所得的纳米氧化铝分散均匀,粒径为20～40nm。     

油页岩灰渣制备纳米γ-Al_2O_3的方法研究

本文研究了以油页岩灰渣为原料提取纳米γ-Al2O3的方法,该方法包括浸取和烧结两个步骤。以表面活性剂进行表面改性,辅以超声震荡,最后以正丁醇为置换剂进行共沸蒸馏去除前躯体表面的羟基以及吸附的水分子。用X-射线衍射、透射扫描电镜、比表面积（BET）检测手段对制备出的氧化铝纳米粉末进行了分析。试验结果表明,所得的纳米氧化铝分散均匀,粒径为20～40nm。     

油页岩灰渣合成Na-A沸石用于去除水溶液中Cu2+（英文）

Na-A zeolite was synthesized using oil shale ash （OSA）, which is a solid by-product of oil shale proc- essing. The samples were characterized by various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffrac- tion and Brunaner Emmet Teller method. The batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of Na-A zeolite for removal of Cu （II） from aqueous solutions. The effects of operating pa- rameters, such as concentration of copper solutions, adsorbent dosages, pH value of solutions and temperature, on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum adsorption capacity of Na-A zeolite obtained from the Langmuir adsorption iso- therm is 156.7 mg.g-t of Cu （lI）. The increase of pH level in the adsorption process suggests that the uptake of heavy metals on the zeolite follows an ion exchange mechanism. The batch kinetic data fit the pseudo-second order equation well. The thermodynamic parameters, such as changes in Gibbs free energy （AG）, enthalpy （AH） and en- tropy （AS）, are used to predict the nature of the adsorption process. The negative AG values at different tempera- tures confirm that the adsorption processes are spontaneous.     

交联氧化铝-壳聚糖新杂化吸附剂的制备及去除废水中Cu(Ⅱ)(英文)

A novel biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan,a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer,on to activated alumina based on oil shale ash via crosslinking.The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques,such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope.Batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were condcted to evaluate the adsorbent for the removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from wastewater.The effect of pH and agitation time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated,indicating that the optimum pH was 6.0.The equilibrium adsorp-tion data were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich models.The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated alumina sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 315.46 mg·g-1 for Cu(Ⅱ).The adsorbent loaded with Cu(Ⅱ) was readily regenerated using 0.1 mol?L?1 sodium hydroxide solution.All these indicated that chitosan coated alumina adsorbent not only have high adsorption activity,but also had good stability in the wastewater treatment process.