染料敏化太阳能电池的进展及前景

国际太阳能光伏产业近年来发展迅猛,随着中国太阳能光伏发电技术的不断提高,为产业发展开拓了新思路,市场前景日趋广阔。笔者简明地介绍了染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳能电池的结构和原理;综合评述了染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展,总结了染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳能电池的关键材料:(1)染料(2)电极材料(3)电解质等的研究现状和发展趋势,指出了各自存在的问题,提出了部分解决设想,并对其工业化前景进行了探讨。     

京津冀资源环境经济协调发展的演化研究

协调资源环境与经济之间的关系是解决京津冀环境经济矛盾问题的前提,是推动京津冀协同发展的重要环节。基于物质流分析框架建立了评价指标体系,对1992—2015年京津冀地区资源环境经济协调发展的演化趋势进行评价分析。结果表明,北京市资源环境经济协调发展的演化趋势最优;天津市资源系统发展指数可能由于滨海新区的规划建设而未出现明显回升,是影响天津资源环境经济协调发展的主要因素;河北省资源环境经济协调发展的演化趋势出现较明显回升。在京津冀协同发展的时代背景下,各地要准确定位、加强合作,实现京津冀地区资源环境经济协调发展。     

Preparation and luminescent properties of CaAl_2O_4:Eu~(3+),R~+(R=Li,Na,K) phosphors

CaAl2O4:Eu3+,R+(R=Li+,Na+,K+) red phosphors were synthesized by solid state reaction method.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and photoluminescence(PL) were employed to characterize their structural and luminescent properties.It was found that the optimal sintering temperature and sintering time were 1200 °C and 4 h,respectively.The optimal concentration of doped Eu3+ was 3 mol.%.Furthermore,under ultraviolet excitation with a wavelength of 254 nm,these samples showed red luminescence which were probably attributed to the transitions from 5D0 excited state to 7FJ(J=0-4) ground states of Eu3+ ions.The feature and the high intensity of hypersensitive transition from 5D0→7F2 indicated that Eu3+ preferred to occupy a low symmetry site.The incorporation of alkali metal ions greatly enhanced the luminescence intensity probably due to the influence of charge compensation of alkali metal ions.     

交联氧化铝-壳聚糖新杂化吸附剂的制备及去除废水中Cu(Ⅱ)(英文)

A novel biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan,a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer,on to activated alumina based on oil shale ash via crosslinking.The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques,such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope.Batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were condcted to evaluate the adsorbent for the removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from wastewater.The effect of pH and agitation time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated,indicating that the optimum pH was 6.0.The equilibrium adsorp-tion data were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich models.The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated alumina sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 315.46 mg·g-1 for Cu(Ⅱ).The adsorbent loaded with Cu(Ⅱ) was readily regenerated using 0.1 mol?L?1 sodium hydroxide solution.All these indicated that chitosan coated alumina adsorbent not only have high adsorption activity,but also had good stability in the wastewater treatment process.