A Novel Segmentation and Feedback Model for Resolving Contention in Optical Burst Switching

A novel segmentation and feedback model (SFM) applied to resolve contention is proposed. Simulation and performance analyses show that the SFM effectively avoids contentions in optical burst switching (OBS). The long delay time of deflection routing and the immature technology of wavelength converters and optical buffers are not deployed in the SFM. The SFM does not only realize fast switching but also allows preemption by higher priority bursts.     

Time-Space Label Switching Protocol (TSL-SP)—A New Paradigm of Network Resource Assignment

In this paper we propose a new protocol called time-space label switching protocol (TSL-SP) in optical burst switching (OBS), and define the terms time-space label (TSL) and time-space routing (TSR). An important concept of response time is introduced in the time label mechanism. The TSL-SP is a new technology that can quickly and efficiently forward data with a label on the optical networks. A two-dimension label switched path (TD-LSP) can be set up, that is maintained and deleted by the TSL-SP. For clearly illuminating the operation principles of the TSL-SP, we propose a new approach of orthogonal time-space coordinates in which the vertical coordinate is the space label and the horizontal coordinate is the time label. The proposed TD-LSP can dramatically reduce the routing failure probability and greatly improve the link network efficiency compared with other signaling protocols. Moreover, we define the time-space label control plane that can achieve the higher efficiency. When the TSL-SP is applied to networks, switching performance can be improved by two orders compared to the switching performance with the conventional OBS signaling protocols. The fundamental goal of TSL-SP is to band the signaling and routing functions together closely. Also, the TSL-SP can reduce the complexity of the network, support automatic service offering, and provide traffic engineering.     

Mathematical formulation of provisioning of connections with advance reservation in metro WDM ring networks using reconfigurable OADMs (ROADMs) with tuning constraint

Optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs) can significantly reduce the cost of metro optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) ring networks by allowing traffic to bypass intermediate nodes without expensive opto-electro-opto (O-E-O) conversion. Some traditional OADMs, called fixed OADMs (FOADMs), can only add/drop traffic on a specific wavelength. Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (ROADMs) are emerging, which can add/drop traffic onto/from different wavelengths at different time. ROADMs provide desirable flexibility, enable fast provisioning of dynamic traffic, and save capital expenditure (CapEx) and operational expenditure (OpEx). In order to be cost-effective, some ROADMs employ architectures that tune the ROADM continuously from one wavelength to another, crossing through all the wavelengths in-between, which may cause interference to the connections, if any, on those wavelengths being crossed. In order to prevent existing connections from being interrupted, a constraint needs to be imposed that ROADMs cannot cross working wavelengths when tuning. In this study, the design and the benefits of metro optical WDM network architectures using ROADMs and the impact of this tuning constraint on the performance of the network are investigated. Mathematical formulation of the problem of provisioning of connections with advance reservation, in which the arrival time and departure time of all the connections are known in advance, is presented, and results for a small network are shown.     

飞机加油模拟系统设计及试验

以飞机加油系统要求的加油压力指标为输入,设计并研制了一套地面加油模拟系统及其控制系统,进行了试验台综合试验。采用旁路分流和串联节流的方式,基于电液伺服调节方法实现加油压力和流量闭环控制。上位机采用LabVIEW软件及信号调理系统完成数据的采集、处理和输出,利用PID控制算法实现过程控制。基于负载模拟和两路压力闭环控制通道切换的方法,使加油压力在地面得以稳压,在加油接头处具备良好的精度和稳定性。给出了几组阶跃响应和冲击响应试验曲线,结果表明:该加油模拟系统能够提供飞机要求的加油压力,其控制精度满足设计指标要求。     

塔里木盆地走滑断裂构造变形特征及油气意义——以顺北地区1号和5号断裂为例

塔里木盆地顺北地区发育一系列中小尺度的板内走滑断裂,断裂带油气富集,但断裂空间结构、断裂演化及其对断控缝洞型储层的控制机理尚不明确。以富含油气的顺北1号断裂与顺北5号断裂为研究对象,对走滑断裂垂向构造样式、平面分段样式、空间结构开展系统研究,并结合生产动态资料深入探讨了走滑断裂构造变形对油气富集的控制作用。基于重要构造变革期及岩性特征将顺北地区古生界地层划分为6个构造层,提出走滑断裂在不同构造层具有"分层变形、分段演化"的构造变形特征。顺北1号断裂垂向构造序列相对简单,深层线性走滑断裂平面分段数少,断裂纵向空间结构组合较简单;顺北5号断裂垂向构造序列复杂,发育一套膏盐岩滑脱构造。"分层变形、分段演化"的构造变形导致断层空间结构复杂,同时走滑断裂在不同构造层中的构造样式对断控缝洞型油气藏成藏要素具有重要控制作用。走滑断裂在平面分段、纵向构造、活动强度和空间结构等方面的差异是导致顺北1号断裂和顺北5号断裂油气差异富集的根本原因。     

A novel distributed scheduling approach powered by central databases in optical burst networks

In terms of the growth rate, network capacity is slower than network traffic. To solve the mismatch between them, utilization of available capacity can be maximized to provide “best-fit” service for emerging applications (e.g., eBanking, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file exchanges, etc.). To satisfy such a requirement, we propose a three-dimensional label scheduling algorithm (TD-LSA), which is a distributed scheduling approach powered by central databases. In the proposal, all connections are provisioned in three dimensions (i.e., space, time and wavelength) in a distributed way and uniquely identified by three-dimensional labels. And in this way a three-dimensional connection is more robust than a single-dimensional connection because the three-dimensional approach can avoid potential scheduling conflicts as much as possible by using central databases in a network. Thus, the central databases can reduce bandwidth consumption and offer “best-fit” service for three-dimensional connections. Furthermore, in order to further reduce bandwidth consumption and to match with a priority of traffic, K-least hop first path (K-LHPF) and a rescheduling mechanism are applied to our proposal. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our proposal achieves the expected performance gain against existing alternates.

MoS3/Al2O3复合材料的合成及其用于制备加氢催化剂的研究

采用液相反应沉积法合成MoS3/Al2O3复合材料,考察了不同反应温度、反应物浓度、反应时间、体系pH值及不同类型分散剂对MoS3在γ Al2O3载体表面沉积量的影响,并采用MoS3/Al2O3复合材料为助剂Co的第2载体制备了CoMo硫化态加氢脱硫催化剂;采用XRF、XRD、XPS、TEM、BET等分析手段对MoS3/Al2O3复合材料及CoMo硫化态和氧化态催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,采用乙醇为分散剂,钼酸钠摩尔浓度为01~1 mol/L、在反应温度85~120℃、体系pH值1~2、反应8~24 h条件下,可以合成MoS3沉积量为628%~868%（以MoO3质量分数计）的MoS3/Al2O3复合材料;与常规氧化态催化剂相比,所制备的CoMo硫化态催化剂具有更高的加氢脱硫活性。     

Synergistic effect of TiF3@ graphene on the hydrogen storage properties of Mg–Al alloy

Mg–Al alloy was prepared by sintering and mechanical alloying, and the effects of graphene (Gp), TiF₃ and Gp/titanium (III) fluoride (TiF₃) on the hydrogen storage properties of the Mg–Al alloy were studied. The results show that Gp and TiF₃ could improve the hydrogen storage properties of Mg–Al alloy. In particular, Gp and TiF₃ showed good synergistic effect for enhancing the hydrogen storage properties of Mg–Al alloy. For example, when 1.0 wt% of H₂ was absorbed/desorbed, the hydrogen adsorption/desorption temperature of the Mg–Al alloy and Mg–Al-M (M = Gp, TiF₃, and TiF₃@Gp) composites were 241/343 °C, 185/310 °C, 229/292 °C and 159/280 °C, respectively. For the Mg–Al alloy, the apparent activation energy was 176.5 kJ mol^?1, and it decreased to 139.8 kJ mol^?1, 171.6 kJ mol^?1, and 94.3 kJ mol^?1, with the addition of Gp, TiF₃ and TiF₃@Gp composites, respectively. Evidently, the comprehensive hydrogen storage properties of Mg–Al alloy were improved remarkably under the synergistic effect of Gp and TiF₃.     

储层微观孔隙结构特征空间展布研究方法

微观孔隙结构特征在平面乃至三维空间的分布是储层研究急需解决的问题;充分利用大量的测井信息表征这些参数,是研究微观孔隙结构参数空间分布的一个新的有效的途径.从关键井岩心分析出发,利用各种数理统计方法,建立了一套测井信息求解微观孔隙结构参数的解释模型,并对冷东-雷家地区沙一、二段及沙三段的微观孔隙结构参数进行解释,通过地质统计学方法将解释成果展布到空间中去,应用效果表明,该方法能有效地提高储层评价的精度.