High cycle fatigue and fracture behavior of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy

The high cycle fatigue properties and fracture behavior of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy were investigated roundly, including the fatigue crack growth rate, fracture toughness and fatigue S--N curve. Furthermore, the fatigue crack growth rate was analyzed by fitting the curves. And the microstructure of the alloy was studied using by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscop1/2 The results show that the fatigue strength and the fracture toughness of 2124-T851 thick plate are 243 MPa and 29.6 MPa.m at room temperature and R=0. 1, respectively. At high cycle fatigue condition, the characteristics of fatigue facture were observed obviously. And the higher the stress amplitude, the wider the space between the fatigue striations, the faster the rate of fatigue crack developing and going into the intermittent fracture area and the greater the ratio between the intermittent fracture area and the whole fracture area.     

Microstructures and properties of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-flee solder alloys containing La

Trace amounts of La were utilized to improve the melting behaviors, microstructures, tensile properties and microhardness of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder alloy. La has little effect on the melting behavior of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu alloy according to the differential thermal analysis （DTA） tests. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns show that β-Sn, Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 coexist in the as-cast solder alloys and LaSn3 phases emerge when adding 0.4% La. The microstructures modified by La are more uniform and much finer than that of baseline alloy, and the coarse LaSn3 particles with complex dendrites are observed by optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） when the addition of La is up to 0.4%. The composition of the LaSn3 phases is identified by energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. There are considerable improvements in mechanical properties with 0.05% and 0.1% addition, but degenerations by adding 0.4%La. The Vickers microhardness of β-Sn and eutectic area are both enhanced with the addition of La and the microhardness of LaSn3 is much larger than those of β-Sn and eutectic area.     

Hot compressive deformation behavior and constitutive relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Zr alloy with trace amounts of Sc

Abstract： The hot deformation behaviors of AI-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy were investigated in a temperature range of 340-500℃ and a strain rate range of 0.001-10 s 1 using uniaxial compression test on Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine. The results show that the flow stress increases with increasing strain and tends to be constant after a peak value. The flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreases with increasing deformation temperature. The phenomenon of dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization can be observed by microstructural evolutions. Based on the hyperbolic Arrhenius-type equation, the true stress-true strain data from the tests were employed to establish the constitutive equation considering the effect of the true strain on material constants （α, β, Q, n and A）, which reveals the dependence of the flow stress on strain, strain rate and deformation temperature. The predicted stress-strain curves are in good agreement with experimental results, which confirms that the developed constitutive equations are suitable to research the hot deformation behaviors of Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy.     

ECAP法制备细晶ZK60镁合金的微观组织与力学性能

利用等通道转角挤压法(ECAP)制备出了细晶ZK60合金,通过金相组织观察,拉伸性能测试,EBSD和透射电镜(TEM)研究了不同挤压温度和挤压道次对合金组织与性能的影响.结果表明:ZK60镁合金在210～240℃温度范围内进行ECAP挤压能获得较好的晶粒细化效果;在240℃进行ECAP挤压时,随着挤压道次的增加,合金晶...     

时效对含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金腐蚀行为的影响

研究了一种含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在不同时效状态下的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀行为.结果表明：不同时效温度下峰时效态合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效温度的升高而增加；在160℃下时效，合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效时间的延长而增加.含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在EXCO溶液中进行的极化曲线测试结果也表现出相同的腐蚀趋势.微观组织观察分析表明，T1（Al2CuLi）相和无沉淀析出带（PFZ）是引起合金腐蚀敏感性增加的主要因素.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy after retrogression and re-aging treatments

The mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of an Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different aging conditions were investigated. The dependence of microstructure and mechanical properties on aging parameters was evaluated by tensile test, hardness test and conductivity measurement. The results show that for the alloys with retrogression and re-aging treatment (RRA), the conductivity increases with the retrogression time and temperature, while the tensile strength decreases. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that the precipitates η(MgZn₂) at grain boundary aggregate apparently with retrogression time and the precipitates inside the matrix exhibit the similar distribution to T6 temper, which comprises fine GP zones, large η′(MgZn₂) and η(MgZn₂) phases. According to the mechanical properties and microstructure observations, the optimal RRA regime is recommended to be 120 °C, 24 h + 180 °C, 30 min + 120 °C, 24 h. The strength level of the alloy after the optimum RRA treatment is similar to that in T6 condition and the SCC resistance is improved obviously in contrast to T6 condition.     

Flow stress behavior of Al-Cu-Li-Zr alloy containing Sc during hot compression deformation

The flow stress behavior of Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li-0.25（Sc＋Zr） alloy during hot compression deformation was studied by isothermal compression test using Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulator. Compression tests were preformed in the temperature range of 653-773 K and in the strain rate range of 0.001-10 s^-1 up to a true plastic strain of 0.7. The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate at a given temperature,and decreases with increasing temperature at a given imposed strain rate. The relationship between the flow stress and the strain rate and the temperature was derived by analyzing the experimental data. The flow stress is in a hyperbolic sine relationship with the strain rate,and in an Arrhenius relationship with the temperature,which imply that the process of plastic deformation at an elevated temperature for this material is thermally activated. The flow stress of the alloy during the elevated temperature deformation can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon parameter with the inclusion of the Arrhenius term. The values of n,α and A in the analytical expressions of flow stress σ are fitted to be 5.62,0.019 MPa^-1 and 1.51×10^16 s^-1,respectively. The hot deformation activation energy is 240.85 kJ/mol.     

含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Zr合金的热变形行为和微观组织

采用热模拟实验对含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Zr合金在应变速率为0.001～10s-1、变形温度为380～470℃的条件下进行了热压缩实验.研究了实验合金的流变应力行为和微观组织演变.结果表明:流变应力随变形温度升高而下降;随应变速率增加峰值应力也相应增加.随变形温度升高和应变速率降低,合金动态再结晶的程度加深,亚晶尺寸变大.含Sc超高强Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Zr合金,形成了Al3Sc弥散相,该相可强烈抑制再结晶.合金主要软化机制为动态回复伴随动态再结晶.     

退火制度对钎焊用热轧复合铝板组织与性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、拉伸试验机、硬度计等研究了4343/3003/4343铝合金轧制复合板在100~500℃退火15min~10h后的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:芯层合金300℃退火1h后开始再结晶,370℃以上退火1h后已完全再结晶且伴随有弥散相析出,弥散相析出后通过钉扎晶界阻碍再结晶晶粒长大;1h退火时,随退火温度升高,芯层合金晶粒先增大后减小,复合板的拉伸强度与硬度先降低后升高;370℃退火时,随退火时间延长,芯层合金再结晶程度增加,晶粒缓慢长大,复合板的拉伸强度与硬度下降;复合板最佳退火工艺为370℃/1h。     

含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金的抗晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能

通过晶间腐蚀、剥落腐蚀和极化曲线试验,结合扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析手段,研究了含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在不同时效状态下的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀行为.结果表明,合金在自然时效状态下具有较好的抗晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀能力,但随着时效时间的延长,其晶间腐蚀与剥落腐蚀倾向逐渐增加;在4.0 mol/L NaCl 0.1 mol/L HNO3 0.4 mol/L KNO3(EXCO)溶液中进行的极化曲线测试也表现出相同的趋势.透射电镜观察表明,自然时效态合金未析出Г1相,欠时效态合金中有少量细小短棒状Г1相析出,随着时效时间的延长,Г1相逐渐粗化,过时效时合金中出现较宽的无沉淀带(PFZ).由于合金中Г1相和PFZ的开路电位都比铝基体低,在腐蚀过程中作为阳极相优先溶解,从而引起合金晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀.