判断极限和探测极限的概念及其应用

本文就极限概念作了进一步阐述。指出不应把探测极限和不同定义的探测仪器指标混用。“本底”一词也有不同的含义,应用时亦应慎重。文中还讨论了判“无”限的实际使用问题。本文认为应分清检测的客观可能性与主观愿望的区别。     

香港地区土壤和建筑材料中天然放射性水平及天然辐射所致居民剂量估算

本文报道了香港地区土壤、常用建材及路基体中~(238)U、~(226)Ra、~(232)Th 和~(40)K 含量的测量结果,由此估算了空气γ吸收剂量率和室内氡浓度,并且与初步实测值进行了比较。最后估算出天然本底辐射所致香港居民人均年有效剂量当量为3.24 mSv。     

NATURAL BACKGROUND RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS IN THE TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT OF HONG KONG

This paper analyses and summarizes the natural radionuclide contents of soil and building materials, radon concentrations and the penetrating radiation levels in Hong Kong. From these, a thorough and objective assessment for the terrestrial background irradiation level of Hong Kong was made. Finally, the annual effective dose equivalent received by Hong Kong people due to the natural background irradiation was calculated to be 3.2 mSv.     

I、Ba、Sr、Y和Zr从土壤至蔬菜的转移系数

采用放射性同位素示踪法及元素含量分析法确定出Ｉ、Ｂａ、Ｓｒ、Ｙ和Ｚｒ从土壤到多叶蔬菜的转移系数，并研究了蔬菜生长期、棵株大小、核素在土壤中的含量、环境条件等因素对转移系数的影响     

RADIONUCLIDES IN RICE IN HONG KONG

ＲＡＤＩＯＮＵＣＬＩＤＥＳ　ＩＮ　ＲＩＣＥ　ＩＮ　ＨＯＮＧ　ＫＯＮＧＫ．Ｎ．ＹｕａｎｄＳ．Ｙ．Ｍａｏ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃｓａｎｄＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ＣｉｔｙＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃｏｆＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：...     

环境^222Rn和^220Rn子体所致气管支气管剂量的模拟测量

本文介绍了用Ｈｏｐｋｅ等人提出了的“支气管剂量计”测定环境空气中＾２２２Ｒｎ和＾２２０Ｒｎ子体所致的气管支气管子（Ｔ－Ｂ区）剂量。通过模拟测量人的鼻腔（Ｎ区）和Ｔ－Ｂ区的＾２２２Ｒｎ和２２０Ｒｎ子体沉积份额，分别计算出以ｍＧｙ／ＷＬＭ和ｍＳｖ（ａ．Ｂｑ．ｍ＾－３）为单位表示的Ｔ－Ｂ区的剂量转换因子，在实验室关闭门窗，开启空调以及施放正，负离子等不同的空气处理情况（照射条件）下，比较了剂量转换因子的     

Modeling OH transport phenomena in cold plasma discharges using the level set method

Cold atmospheric plasmas (CAPs) have attracted considerable interest in the field of plasma medicine. Generated reactive species such as hydroxyl (OH) species play an important role in applications of CAPs. Transportation of OH species towards the target and distribution of these OH species in the plasma plume play an important role in the applications of plasma medicine. In the present work, a computational model was built to simulate the transportation and distribution of OH species in CAP discharges, which was based on the level set method to dynamically track the propagation of plasma carrier gas in air. A reaction term was incorporated for the OH species. The OH species tended to diffuse around the main stream of the carrier gas, and thus covered larger radial and axial distances. A CAP discharge onto a skin layer led to the largest accumulation of OH species at the central part of the exposed area. The distribution of OH species on the skin was asymmetric, which agreed with experiments. The computational model itself and the obtained results would be useful for future development of plasma medicine.     

EDXRF无损检测青花瓷器的研究

用ＥＤＸＲＦ方法测量青花瓷器中元素含量的研究结果表明：在青花瓷器的烧制过程中，存在色料层元素向釉层的扩散现象，通过对青花瓷器半值厚度的计算，发现瓷胎中有些元素对上述测量也有贡献，实验还发现，同一瓷器，不含青花纹饰的釉层各元素的测量结果与所测部位无关，而含纹饰的釉层有些元素的测量结果随位置而改变。     

一个单采样头的支气管剂量计

提出了一个只有一个采样头的便携式支气管测量计，采样头分别由一层４００目金属筛网和滤膜组成，采样气流面速为１２ｃｍ／ｓ，采样后分别对筛网和滤膜同时测量其总α计数，可得氡子体照射气管支气管（Ｔ－Ｂ区）的年有效剂量（ｍＳｖ／Ａ）如将采样头与主动式活性炭盒串接采样测定氡气浓度，则还可以计算出以μＳｖ／（ａＢｑ．ｍ＾－３）为单位的剂量转换因子，给出了这种支气管剂量计的设计思想和试验性测量结果。     

EFFECT OF HEATING RATE ON NONLINEARITY OF DOSE RESPONSE IN TL BY KINETICS MODEL

ＥＦＦＥＣＴ　ＯＦ　ＨＥＡＴＩＮＧ　ＲＡＴＥ　ＯＮ　ＮＯＮＬＩＮＥＡＲＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＤＯＳＥ　ＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥ　ＩＮ　ＴＬ　ＢＹ　ＫＩＮＥＴＩＣＳ　ＭＯＤＥＬＬｉｕＸｉａｏｗｅｉ（刘小伟）ａｎｄＫ．Ｎ．Ｙｕ（余君岳）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｈｙｓ...