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Petri net is used widely to analyze and model various systems formally. Recently, many Petri nets mania devote their efforts to enhancing and extending the expressive power of Petri nets. One such effort is to extend Petri nets with object-oriented concepts. An object-oriented paradigm provides excellent concepts to model real-world problems. Object-oriented concepts allow us to build software systems easily, intuitively, and naturally. Although several high-level Petri nets with the concept of objects are suggested, these nets do not fully support the object-oriented concepts. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical object-oriented Petri net (HOONet). The formal syntax and semantics of HOONet are explained in detail. HOONet supports a wide range of object-oriented features including abstract, encapsulated and modularized objects, object interaction by message passing, inheritance, and ploymorphism. HOONet also supports a variety of modeling and analysis mechanisms such as incremental modeling of evolving systems, unfolding the HOONet to lower level Petri net, and incremental reachability analysis for HOONet models. We demonstrate the usefulness of HOONet by applying it to modeling and analysis with an example. 相似文献
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Jin-Sung Jang Seon Ho Lee Dong-Hyun Peck Doo-Hwan Jung 《Journal of Porous Materials》2016,23(3):583-588
Fuel cells have received worldwide attention as a next-generation renewable energy technology. However, catalyst cost and durability are the main issue hampering the commercialization of fuel cells. Many studies have focused on the physicochemical properties of the carbon support to improve the catalyst’s properties. Mesoporous carbons are suitable candidates because of their appropriate structural characteristics, including high surface area, large pore size, and regularly interconnected mesopores that permit efficient diffusion of the reactants and by-products. In this study, supports made from chestnut-like carbon consisting of platelet carbon nanofibers were fabricated by selective catalytic gasification of activated carbon. Pt/C catalysts were synthesized from these support structures using the impregnation method. Catalyst performance and characteristics were investigated by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, X-ray diffractions, and the rotating disk electrode technique for the oxygen reduction reaction. 相似文献
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Ui-Su Im Jiyoung Kim Seon Ho Lee Byung-Rok Lee Dong-Hyun Peck Doo-Hwan Jung 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2017,69(12):2460-2466
In the present study, surface texture features and chemical properties of two types of cokes, made from coal tar by either 1-stage heat treatment or 2-stage heat treatment, were researched. The relationship between surface texture characteristics and the chemical properties was identified through molecular weight distribution, insolubility of coal tar, weight loss with temperature increase, coking yield, and polarized light microscope analysis. Rapidly cleared anisotropy texture in cokes was observed in accordance with the coking temperature rise. Quinoline insolubility and toluene insolubility of coal tar increased with a corresponding increases in coking temperature. In particular, the cokes produced by the 2-stage heat treatment (2S-C) showed surface structure of needle cokes at a temperature approximately 50°C lower than the 1-stage heat treatment (1S-C). Additionally, the coking yield of 2S-C increased by approximately 14% in comparison with 1S-C. 相似文献
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So-Ran Ine Cheong Youn Uddin Mirza Misbah Kwon-Il Lee Seung-Hoon Cha Bo-Gyun Byoun Doo-Hwan Bae 《ETRI Journal》1998,20(2):192-213
The current approaches in Object-Oriented Analysis have limitations on modeling complex real world systems because they require priori knowledge about objects and their interactions before applying them. This may be practical in small systems and systems with clear domain knowledge, but not in large real world systems with unclear domain knowledge. Our approach uses a stepwise refinement technique in a top-down manner to the Object-Oriented Analysis stage with the application of use cases. This approach is especially good for new areas where we do not know all the information in advance. We present the approach with an example of its application to the B-ISDN service modeling and distributed systems. 相似文献
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In this work, we studied the characteristic variations of catalyst supports caused by mechanical milling and their electrochemical application in fuel cells. Two different catalyst supports, carbon black (XC-72R) and K20 (mesoporous carbon), were crushed and dispersed by mechanical milling using a bead mill. The bead mill operated with 0.3 μm zirconia beads at the rate of 3500 rpm for 30 min. The secondary particle size of the crushed catalyst supports ranged from around 0.1 μm to 10 μm. The secondary particle size of the catalyst supports after crushing represents a decrease of approximately 10% compared with that of raw catalyst supports. To confirm the role of the catalyst supports in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), Pt and Ru were loaded onto these catalyst supports using an impregnation method. In the single cell test, Pt-Ru/XC-Bead and PtRu/K20-Bead showed power densities of 135 mW/cm2 and 144 mW/cm2 under air at 60 °C, respectively. The performance values of these catalysts, which were fabricated using reformed catalyst supports, were 10% to 20% higher than those of raw catalyst supports. As a result, the catalyst supports crushed by the bead mill helped to improve the electrochemical performance of the direct methanol fuel cell. 相似文献
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Young-Chul Park Dong-Hwi Kim Seongyop Lim Sang-Kyung Kim Dong-Hyun Peck Doo-Hwan Jung 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2012
According to the conventional MEA test, methanol and water crossover are the main factors to determine performance of a passive DMFC. Thus, to ensure the high cell performance of a passive DMFC using high concentration methanol of 50–95 vol%, the MEA in this study introduces the barrier layer to limit the crossover of high concentration methanol, a hydrophobic layer to reduce water crossover, and a hydrophilic layer to enhance the water recovery from the cathode to the anode. The functional layers of the MEA have the effect of improving the performance of the passive DMFC by decreasing the methanol and water crossover. In spite of the operation with 95 vol% methanol, the MEA with multi-layer electrodes for high concentration methanol DMFCs shows a maximum power density of 35.1 mW cm−2 and maintains a high power density of 30 mW cm−2 (0.405 V) under constant current operation. 相似文献
8.
Segoo Kang Seongyop Lim Dong-Hyun Peck Sang-Kyung Kim Doo-Hwan Jung Seong-Hwa Hong Han-Gi Jung Yonggun Shul 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2012
The chemical stability and durability of PtRu catalysts supported on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) for the anode electrode of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) are investigated by Pt and Ru dissolution tests in sulfuric acid and long-term performance tests of a single cell discharging at a constant current density of 150 mA cm−2 for approximately 2000 h. A CNF with a herringbone-type structure, which is characterized by the alignment of graphene symmetrically angled to the fiber axis, was selected as the catalyst support because it has an edge-rich surface and a high surface area. In the metal dissolution test, the PtRu/CNF catalysts showed 1.5–2 times lower Ru leaching than a tested commercial catalyst (supported on activated carbon). The results of long-term performance tests also prove the higher durability of the anode catalyst compared with the commercial catalyst, when the anode polarization is compared before and after operation for 2000 h. Some analytical measurements, including X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to study the degradation of the catalyst activity. 相似文献
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In this paper, we describe a technique to design UML-based software models for MPSoC architecture, which focuses on the development of the platform specific model of embedded software. To develop the platform specific model, we define a process for the design of UML-based software model and suggest an algorithm with precise actions to map the model to MPSoC architecture. In order to support our design process, we implemented our approach in an integrated tool. Using the tool, we applied our design technique to a target system. We believe that our technique provides several benefits such as improving parallelism of tasks and fast-and-valid mapping of software models to hardware architecture. 相似文献
10.
Yeong-Soo Kim Dong-Hyun Peck Sang-Kyung Kim Doo-Hwan Jung Seongyop Lim Sung-Hyun Kim 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
To investigate the effects of the microstructure and powder compositions for the micro-porous layer (MPL) of an anode on the cell performance of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) using a highly concentrated methanol solution up to 7 M, various powders and their compositions were applied as a filler of the MPL in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Several nano- and microstructured carbons such as commercial carbon black (CB), spherical activated carbon (AC), multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and platelet carbon nanofiber (PCNF) were selected with different morphology and surface properties, and a meso-porous silica (one of SBA series) was also included for its porous and hydrophilic properties. The coating morphology and physical properties such as porosity and gas permeability were measured, and electrochemical properties of MEA with the MPL were examined by using current–voltage polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and voltammetric analyses. A mixture of different carbons was found to be effective for lowering methanol crossover with sustaining electrical conductivity and gas permeability. A MEA with modified-anode MPLs made of CB (50 vol%) and PCNF (50 vol%) powders showed a maximum power density of 67.7 mW cm−2 under operation with a 7 M concentration of methanol. 相似文献