Image magnification method using joint diffusion

In this paper a new algorithm for image magnification is presented. Because linear magnification/interpolation techniques diminish the contrast and produce sawtooth effects, in recent years, many nonlinear interpolation methods, especially nonlinear diffusion based approaches, have been proposed to solve these problems. Two recently proposed techniques for interpolation by diffusion, forward and backward diffusion (FAB) and level-set reconstruction (LSR), cannot enhance the contrast and smooth edges simultaneously. In this article, a novel Partial Differential Equations (PDE) based approach is presented. The contributions of the paper include: firstly, a unified form of diffusion joining FAB and LSR is constructed to have all of their virtues; secondly, to eliminate artifacts of the joint diffusion, soft constraint takes the place of hard constraint presented by LSR; thirdly, the determination of joint coefficients, criterion for stopping time and color image processing are also discussed. The results d     

干海参外源性糖类标准检测方法研究现状

干海参主要分为淡干海参和盐干海参,近几年一些不法商贩在制作干海参的过程中为了达到塑形、增重等目的,添加成分不明的糖类物质制成一种掺糖干海参(糖干海参),这些糖干海参经食用后会对人体造成一定的危害。为有效打击干海参的掺糖行为,保障产品质量,国家颁布干海参相关标准,其中SC/T3206-2009《干海参》设立了水溶性还原糖的限量和检验依据,GB31602-2015《食品安全国家标准干海参》设立了水溶性总糖的检验依据。本研究总结了涉及到糖类的相关标准,在介绍食品中糖类检测方法的基础上,阐述了干海参外源性糖类检测方法,为企业和检测部门正确选择和运用提供参考。     

肉及肉制品中磷酸盐含量分析

目的探究生鲜肉中磷酸盐本底含量。方法以不同品种肉及肉制品为研究对象,采用国家标准食品中磷酸盐的测定斱法对其迚行磷酸盐含量测定,比较分析肉及肉制品不同品种间磷酸盐含量差别。结果肉制品中磷酸盐含量在0.46～10.32g/kg,超限量比率为26.67%,生鲜肉中磷酸盐含量在1.37～6.65g/kg,参考GB 2760-2014肉制品中磷酸盐限量5.0 g/kg计算,超限量比率为34.00%。结论生鲜肉中磷酸盐本身含量较高,对熟肉制品的磷酸盐含量会存在一定影响,继而导致熟肉制品的超限量比率较高。     

基于字典学习的非线性降维方法

目前,众多的数据降维（Dimensionality reduction, DR）方法（如经典的PCA（Principle component analysis）, ISOMAP（Isometric mapping））能够使降维后的数据保留原始信号的重要特征,但是从降维后的数据中很好地恢复出原始信号仍旧是一个挑战.近年来,稀疏表示（Sparse representation, SR）在信号重构研究中受到广泛关注,信号可以利用过完备字典中少数原子的线性组合来描述.本文提出一种基于字典学习的非线性降维方法.从高维输入信号到低维特征的降维过程中,期望一些重要的几何特征（内积、距离和夹角）得以保留,同时又能够从低维数据中恢复出原始信号.为达此目的,本文采用CDL（Concentrated dictionary learning）算法训练一个字典对（高维字典D和低维字典P）,使高维原始信号的能量能够聚集于低维子空间中.字典D用来获取稀疏表示系数,字典P是D的直接降维采样,CDL算法能够保证P聚集D中的大部分能量.这样,信号的降维与恢复问题就转变为字典对的训练问题,信号的降维即为从D到P的能量保留过程.实验表明:CDL可在RIP（Restricted isomery property）条件的限制之外具有一定的信号重建能力,能在更低的维度条件下恢复图像,优于传统的压缩感知方法.此外,在噪声较大的情况下,CDL图像压缩效果优于JPEG2000.     

Lighting Estimation of a Convex Lambertian Object Using Redundant Spherical Harmonic Frames

An explicit lighting estimation from a single image of Lambertian objects is influenced by two factors: data incompletion and noise contamination. Measurement of lighting consistency purely using the orthogonal spherical harmonic basis cannot achieve an accurate estimation. We present a novel signal-processing framework to represent the lighting field. We construct a redundant spherical harmonic frame with geometric symmetry on the sphere S ². Spherical harmonic frames are defined over the generating rotation matrices about symmetry axes of finite symmetry subgroups of SO(3), and the generating functions are spherical harmonic basis functions. Compared with the orthogonal spherical harmonic basis, the redundant spherical harmonic frames not only describe the multidirectional lighting distribution intuitively, but also resist the noise theoretically. Subsequently, we analyze the relationship of the irradiance to the incoming radiance in terms of spherical harmonic frames, and reconstruct the lighting function filtered by the Lambertian BRDF (bidirectional reflectance distribution function). The experiments show that the frame coefficients of spherical harmonic frames can better characterize the complex lighting environments finely and robustly.     

基于小波域局部高斯模型的图像复原

图像复原的目的是将原始图像从观测到的降析图像中恢复出来.提出了一种基于小波域局部高斯模型的线性图像复原算法.小波域局部高斯模型采用高斯函数刻画子带系数的局部概率分布,由于这一模型具有很好的局部自适应性,并能正确地反映图像的局部结构信息,因此算法以此作为自然图像的先验模型,把图像复原问题转化为一个约束优化问题并用共轭梯度法对其进行求解.实验结果表明,基于小波域局部高斯模型的图像复原算法较好地再现了各种边缘信息,复原出的图像在信噪比和主观视觉效果方面都有显著的提高.     

Hyperspectral Imagery Denoising Using a Spatial-Spectral Domain Mixing Prior

By introducing a novel spatial-spectral domain mixing prior,this paper establishes a Maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework for hyperspectral images (HSIs) denoising.The proposed mixing prior takes advantage of different properties of HSI in the spatial and spectral domain.Furthermore,we propose a spatially adaptive weighted prior combining smoothing prior and discontinuity-preserving prior in the spectral domain.The weights can be defined as a function of the spectral discontinuity measure (DM).For minimizing the objective function,a half-quadratic optimization algorithm is used.The experimental results illustrate that our proposed model can get a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than using only smoothing prior or discontinuity-preserving prior.     

New Explorations on Cannon’s Contributions and Generalized Solutions for Uniform Linear Motion Blur Identification

Existing frequency-domain-oriented methods of parameter identification for uniform linear motion blur (ULMB) images usually dealt with special scenarios. For example, blur-kernel directions were horizontal or vertical, or degraded images were of foursquare dimension. This excludes those identification methods from being applied to real images, especially to estimate undersized or oversized blur kernels. Pointing against the limitations of blur-kernel identifications, discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based blur-kernel estimation methods are proposed in this paper. We analyze in depth the Fourier frequency response of generalized ULMB kernels, demonstrate in detail its related phase form and properties thereof, and put forward the concept of quasi-cepstrum. On this basis, methods of estimating ULMB-kernel parameters using amplitude spectrum and quasi-cepstrum are presented, respectively. The quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach increases the identifiable blur-kernel length, up to a maximum of half the diagonal length of the image. Meanwhile, directing toward the image of undersized ULMB, an improved method based on quasi-cepstrum is presented, which ameliorates the identification quality of undersized ULMB kernels. The quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach popularizes and applies the simulation-experimentfocused DFT theory to the estimation of real ULMB images. Compared against the amplitude-spectrum-oriented method, the quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach is more convenient and robust, with lower identification errors and of better noiseimmunity.     

Piezoelectric properties and thermal stabilities of cobalt-modified potassium bismuth titanate

The cobalt-modified potassium bismuth titanate (K_0.5Bi_4.5Ti₄O₁₅, KBT) piezoelectric ceramics have been prepared using conventional solid–state reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the cobalt-modified KBT ceramics have a pure four-layer (m = 4) Aurivillius-type structure. The dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of cobalt-modified KBT ceramics were investigated in detail. The piezoelectric activities of KBT ceramics were significantly improved by the cobalt modification. The reasons for piezoelectric activities enhancement with cobalt modification were given. The piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ and Curie temperature T_c for the 5 mol% cobalt-modified KBT ceramics (KBT-Co5) were found to be 28 pC/N and 575 °C, respectively. The DC resistivity, frequency constants (N_p and N_t), and electromechanical properties at elevated temperature were investigated, indicating the cobalt-modified KBT piezoelectric ceramics possess stable piezoelectric properties up to 500 °C. The results show the cobalt-modified KBT ceramics are potential materials for high temperature piezoelectric applications.     

Plug-and-Play Based Optimization Algorithm for New Crime Density Estimation

Different from a general density estimation, the crime density estimation usually has one important factor: the geographical constraint. In this paper, a new crime density estimation model is formulated, in which the regions where crime is impossible to happen, such as mountains and lakes, are excluded. To further optimize the estimation method, a learning-based algorithm, named Plug-and-Play, is implanted into the augmented Lagrangian scheme, which involves an off-the-shelf filtering operator. Different selections of the filtering operator make the algorithm correspond to several classical estimation models. Therefore, the proposed Plug-and-Play optimization based estimation algorithm can be regarded as the extended version and general form of several classical methods. In the experiment part, synthetic examples with different invalid regions and samples of various distributions are first tested. Then under complex geographic constraints, we apply the proposed method with a real crime dataset to recover the density estimation. The state-of-the-art results show the feasibility of the proposed model.