基于综合介数的电网脆弱线路辨识

基于电网运行状态、网络拓扑结构,综合考虑可对线路脆弱性产生影响的继电保护、节点电压偏移、线路地理位置等因素,提出了能更加准确识别电网脆弱线路的综合介数方法。其中,电网运行状态由发电端和负荷端的功率输送、实时潮流及潮流裕度来监测,网络拓扑结构则通过能对线路产生作用的发电机数量及可从线路吸收功率的负荷个数并结合线路介数来分析。以IEEE39节点系统为研究对象,在得出脆弱线路排序之后,使用三种常用的连锁攻击方式进行仿真测试,通过功率传输能力的变化情况来检验分析所提综合介数的有效性。测试结果表明,所提出的综合介数方法能较好地识别脆弱线路。     

电参数分析管理装置的设计

电参数分析管理装置的主要功能是对电能表及其他电能计量仪表进行实时监督。它是国家科技部中小企业技术创新资助项目。介绍了该装置的主要功能、软件设计、系统软件可靠性评估及硬件构成。     

Scattering loss in optical waveguide with trapezoidal cross section

To get the scattering loss of the trapezoidal core waveguide, a new analysis model is presented based on the perturbation equivalent method and modified effective-index method. Firstly, the trapezoidal core waveguide is successfully equivalent to the rectangular one with both restricting the same optical field energy by adopting the perturbation method. Then, the equivalent rectangular core waveguide is decomposed into two slab waveguides by employing the modified effective-index method. The trapezoidal core waveguide scattering theory model is established based on the slab waveguide scattering theory. With the sidewalls surface roughness in the range from 0 to 100 nm in the single model trapezodial core waveguide, optical simulation shows excellent agreement with the results from the scattering loss model presented. The relationship between the dimension and side-wall roughness with the scattering loss can be determined in the trapezoidal core waveguide by the scattering loss model.     

聚合物光波导端面磁流变抛光工艺(英文)

光波导端面的表面质量会严重影响光波导器件的光耦合封装性能,耦合封装前必须对波导器件端面进行抛光处理.目前聚合物光波导端面主要依靠传统研磨盘进行抛光处理,该工艺工序复杂、抛光效率低已成为制约聚合物波导器件应用的瓶颈.基于聚合物光波导材料优良的加工特性,通过对比实验提出了聚合物光波导的磁流变端面抛光工艺.采用5μm、0.5μm和1μm粒径的氧化铈抛光粉分别配制研磨盘抛光液及磁流变抛光液对3 mm×3 mm聚合物光波导端面进行抛光实验,发现磁流变加工对聚合物光波导端面进行一次2 m in光栅扫描抛光就具有比传统研磨盘约3 h精、粗抛光较好的端面质量.经过白光干涉仪测量,磁流变抛光后光波导端面表面粗糙度的均方根值达到了2.6 nm,传统端面抛光端面粗糙度均方根值为128.7 nm.通过自动对准耦合平台测试,结果显示通过磁流变端面抛光的光波导的插入损耗由抛光前的32.7 dB降低到了17.8 dB.磁流变抛光方法可以对聚合物光波导端面进行快速、高性能的抛光,在光波导应用领域具有非常广阔的应用前景.     

大型机组润滑油管道安装和清洗施工措施

从大型机组润滑油系统的安装和清洗两方面提出了确保管道内部清洁的施工工艺和措施,以期为机组试车前的油系统试运操作提供实践指导。     

化工装置安全阀的配管设计

安全阀具有特殊的功能,能有效保障化工生产装置的正常运行,避免安全事故的发生,然而,安全阀能否正常运行很大程度上取决于安全阀配管设计是否合理。因此,主要从安全阀的安装要求、配管设计、支架设计和反推力的计算等方面展开叙述,同时绘制安全阀典型配管图,为进一步合理优化安全阀的配管设计提供参考。     

Defect-free surface of quartz glass polished in elastic mode by chemical impact reaction

Removal of brittle materials in the brittle or ductile mode inevitably causes damaged or strained surface layers containing cracks, scratches or dislocations. Within elastic deformation, the arrangement of each atom can be recovered back to its original position without any defects introduced. Based on surface hydroxylation and chemisorption theory, material removal mechanism of quartz glass in the elastic mode is analyzed to obtain defect-free surface. Elastic contact condition between nanoparticle and quartz glass surface is confirmed from the Hertz contact theory model. Atoms on the quartz glass surface are removed by chemical bond generated by impact reaction in the elastic mode, so no defects are generated without mechanical process. Experiment was conducted on a numerically controlled system for nanoparticle jet polishing, and one flat quartz glass was polished in the elastic mode. Results show that scratches on the sample surface are completely removed away with no mechanical defects introduced, and microroughness（Ra） is decreased from 1.23 nm to 0.47 nm. Functional group Ce — O — Si on ceria nanoparticles after polishing was detected directly and indirectly by FTIR, XRD and XPS spectra analysis from which the chemical impact reaction is validated.     

石化工艺管道热水外伴热设计

介绍了石化工艺管道伴热的各种介质的优缺点及适用范围,分析热水外伴热设计应注意的问题,列举热水伴热的典型图,并说明伴热管敷设时应注意的细节。     

石油化工压力管道安装工艺及质量控制重点

从我国现行的压力管道安全监察相关规定入手,结合石油化工压力管道的安装特点,探讨了压力管道安装工艺中的材料检验与标识、阀门检验及试验、焊接、热处理及无损检测、管支吊架安装、管道强度试验等关键安装工序的质量控制重点及控制措施。以期为提高压力管道的安装质量提供一些借鉴经验。     

油泥中原油回收的实验研究

选用分离剂YH、YC、YE和YS（由武汉工程大学化工与制药学院石油炼制实验室自制）对含油污泥进行处理,回收油泥中的原油并进行了复配实验．考察了搅拌速度、剂泥比、搅拌时间、温度等工艺条件对回收率的影响．实验结果表明：单独使用四种分离剂时,YH处理油泥后回收率最高,其次为YE,再次为YC,YS的回收率最低,YH、YC和YE复配的分离效果优于单剂．最佳的复配比例为：YH的质量分数为1％,YC的质量分数为1．5％,YE的质量分数为5％,其余为水．最佳的工艺条件为：搅拌速度为1000r／min,剂泥比3：1,搅拌时间40min,温度为40℃．在最佳条件下,回收率可达86．9％．