固体绝缘材料表面电荷特性的研究进展

固体绝缘材料在电气、航空航天等领域得到了广泛应用,积聚在气体-固体或真空-固体交界面处的表面电荷被认为是导致电场畸变、造成固体材料表面绝缘性能下降的重要因素,因此成为研究者关注的热点问题之一。论文总结了近年来固体绝缘材料表面电荷特性的相关研究,分别从测量方法、反演算法、电荷积聚和消散规律及机理、表面电荷对材料绝缘性能的影响及表面电荷的调控方法这5个方面对表面电荷特性的研究现状进行评述,并对后续的研究给出了建议,旨在为今后固体绝缘材料表面电荷的相关研究提供参考。     

Effects of treatment time and temperature on the DC corona pretreatment performance of waste activated sludge

In order to improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of waste activated sludge (WAS),a pretreatment procedure should be carried out so as to disrupt the microbial cell structure,thus releasing intracellular organic matters.In this paper,a corona discharge triggered by a DC voltage was employed to pre-treat WAS for various time periods under different temperatures.The magnitude of the DC voltage was 4 kV at both negative and positive polarities.The changes in the soluble chemical oxygen demand,phosphorus and nitrogen content,and pH value within the WAS were utilized to estimate the pretreatment performance of the DC corona.It was found that with increasing treatment time,the pretreatment efficiency tends to be reduced.With increased temperature,the pretreatment efficiency appears to be better.It is suggested that the oxidative species and the active particles generated in the corona discharge play an important role in disrupting the microbial cell structure,which is dependent upon the treatment time and the temperature.