基于遗传算法的重型矿用自卸车车斗优化设计

基于遗传算法对采用HARDOX钢板的重型矿用自卸车车斗进行优化设计,确定了自卸车车斗优化问题中的优化变量,以车斗钢板最小总体积(质量)为最优目标,根据强度要求、承载能力要求、固有频率限制等约束条件,建立了优化问题的数学模型,得到了优化后的车斗尺寸。基于遗传算法得到的车斗各板壁厚明显降低,对设计载重为290 t的车斗,经过试算,减重9.6%、柴油节约8%、轮胎节约7%、生产效率提高3%、维修维护减少15%、推土机等辅助工具减少12%,验证了遗传算法在自卸车车斗轻量化设计问题中的有效性和必要性。     

WO3/BiVO4 composite photoelectrode prepared by improved auto-combustion method for highly efficient water splitting

We report on the improvement in the water splitting efficiency of a WO₃/BiVO₄ composite photoelectrode by the application of an improved auto-combustion method to the preparation of porous BiVO₄ thin films. The unique feature of this preparation method is the addition of both NH₄NO₃, as a strong oxidizing agent, and an organic additive into BiVO₄ precursor solution. The local decomposition heat of the organic additive and oxidizing agent created a porous film with small, highly crystalline BiVO₄ particles. The photoelectrode has many advantages over existing ones, such as the high light-harvesting efficiency (LHE), a single BiVO₄ phase, the facile access of the holes to the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface, and the ease of water and oxygen diffusion. The maximum incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) was estimated to be 64% (at 440 nm, 1.23 V vs. RHE) and the applied bias photon-tocurrent efficiency (ABPE) reached as high as 1.28%. This ABPE value is highest among all oxide semiconductor photoelectrodes reported previously, except for the case of a stacking photoelectrode system.     

控ZSM-5分子筛酸性的方法研究进展(Ⅱ)非金属及金属改性

调控ZSM-5酸性一直是ZSM-5分子筛改性研究的重点。采用非金属、碱土金属及过渡金属等对ZSM-5分子筛进行元素掺杂改性是调控其酸性能的主要手段。可通过筛选改性元素种类、控制改性元素用量、对内外表面酸中心同时或分别改性等方法调控ZSM-5分子筛的酸性能。通常在一定范围内,磷、镁、钙元素掺杂改性后的ZSM-5分子筛强酸位点减少,而弱酸位点增加;硼元素掺杂改性后的ZSM-5分子筛只对弱酸位点发生作用;锌、镓元素掺杂改性后的ZSM-5分子筛会导致其B酸量减少,L酸量增加;铜、银元素掺杂改性后的ZSM-5分子筛由于发生氧化还原作用,其还原态Cu-ZSM-5和Ag-ZSM-5的B酸量较高,蒸汽稳定性较好,且裂解性能较高;钨元素掺杂改性后的ZSM-5分子筛也会使其酸量及酸强度降低。同时探讨了不同反应体系中分子筛酸性能与催化性能间的关系,为提高ZSM-5分子筛在各反应的催化性能提供依据。     

基于三电平全功率变流器的直驱式永磁风电并网控制技术

为提高基于大容量直驱式永磁同步风力发电系统的大功率风电并网的可靠性,设计了风电并网三电平全功率变流器。主要是利用传统并网控制技术即基于电网电压定向的电压、电流双闭环矢量控制策略,采用双PWM控制技术对三电平全功率变流器进行控制,以实现对有功和无功的解耦控制。运用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件进行风电并网系统仿真,仿真结果表明:三电平全功率变流器可有效改善风电大功率并网质量。     

600 MW级机组辅机系统单列配置探讨

在目前空预器和风机可靠性高的前提下,对600　MW级机组烟风系统采用单系统配置的可行性进行探讨,从系统配置特点、可靠性、设备造价、运行经济性等方面对风机单列配置和双列配置进行了比较分析。结果表明辅机采用单列配置在技术和经济上都是可行的。     

Functionally Graded Ceramics Fabricated with Side‐by‐Side Tape Casting for Use in Magnetic Refrigeration

Functionally graded ceramic tapes have been fabricated by a side‐by‐side tape casting technique. This study shows the possibility and describes the main principles of adjacent coflow of slurries resulting in formation of thin plates of graded ceramic material. Results showed that the small variations of solvent and binder system concentrations have a substantial effect on slurry viscosity. Varying these parameters showed that side‐by‐side tape casting with a well‐defined interface area is possible for slurries with viscosities above 3500 mPa s at a casting shear rate of 3.3 s^?1. As it was expected, the choice of de‐bindering and sintering regimes significantly influences crack formation, and a three‐step heating programme was found to result in tapes of the highest quality. The interface regions of green graded tapes were investigated structurally by scanning electron microscopy; for a distinct identification of the interface region and analysing the degree of cross‐interface diffusion, the isothermal entropy change was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer as the magnetic transition temperature (Curie temperature) is very sensitive to the dopant level in ceramics. Also the purpose of developing this graded ceramic tape casting was applications of these specific magnetocaloric properties within the magnetic refrigeration technology.     

FIB与PEM联用在半导体器件失效分析中的应用

在半导体器件的失效分析中,缺陷定位是必不可少的重要环节.光发射显微镜(PEM)是IC失效定位中最有效的工具之一.PEM利用了IC器件缺陷在一定条件下的发光现象,迅速定位缺陷.而聚焦等离子束(FIB)的定点切割和沉积技术在亚微米级半导体工艺失效分析中扮演着越来越重要的作用.介绍了一种联合使用FIB和PEM进行亚微米级缺陷定位的新方法,使得一些单独使用PEM无法完成缺陷定位的案例得以成功解决.     

Synthesis of α-Tetralone by Intramolecular Acylation of 4-Phenyibutyric Acid in a Fixed Bed Reactor

在固定床连续流动条件下,以4-苯基丁酸为原料,经分子内酰化反应合成α-四氢萘酮,考察了不同催化剂,反应温度和焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,在900℃焙烧处理后的H-Beta分子筛对该反应具有较好的催化活性和稳定性,在220℃连续反应10h,4-苯基丁酸的平均转化率达98.0％,α-四氢萘酮的平均得率为81.2％.     

构建创新教育体系 培养创新型人才

本文介绍了山东科技大学在创新教育体系的构建和创新人才培养方面的探索和实践,及取得的显著成果。     

基于CORBA事件服务的煤矿安全生产监控系统联网方案

分析了现有煤矿安全生产监控系统联网方案的不足。以CORBA的事件服务为基础,提出了煤矿安全生产监控系统联网的框架,分析了模型的工作机制,并进行了性能测试。