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排序方式: 共有381条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The current demand for high-refractive index materials is very high due to their importance in optoelectronic applications. Such materials already exist in the market, but they present many disadvantages. They might contain toxic metals; their preparation can be challenging or produce high quantity of waste. Consequently, there is an urgent need to produce new friendly coatings with high-refractive index. Hybrid organic–inorganic polysiloxanes can offer a solution to this problem. They can be easily prepared from nontoxic alkoxy silanes using the sol–gel chemistry process. Herein, a series of new hybrid polysiloxanes are synthesized from the monomer 1–(2–(triethoxysilyl)ethyl)triphenylsilane and other silanes. The preparation of the macromolecules is optimized at both stages of the sol–gel process. The polymers are characterized by gel permeation chromatography and NMR spectroscopy. Spin coating of the materials on silicon wafers, followed by film thickness and refractive index measurements, indicates that the new polysiloxanes can have refractive indexes as high as 1.6 with thicknesses varying from 2200 to 3700 nm. Consequently, it is expected that the new materials described in this report are valuable for optoelectronic applications such as high-dielectric constant (high-k) gate oxides, interlayer high-k dielectrics, or high-refractive index abrasion resistant coatings. 相似文献
2.
The actual need for hybrid organic–inorganic polysiloxanes is very high due to their importance in optoelectronic applications, especially for the preparation of anti- and low-reflection layers, photopatterned overcoats, flexible hard coats, and glass and metal coatings. However, such three-dimensional hybrid polysiloxanes have very often a limited shelf life and aged very rapidly. Consequently, this type of polymer may require to be stored at cold temperatures and needs to be dilute in organic solvent to a very low solid content, which are unprofitable conditions for commercialization purposes. Therefore, there is an urgent demand to prepare three-dimensional polysiloxanes, which are more resistant toward aging processes. Herein, a new hybrid three-dimensional polysiloxane has been designed and synthesized from three different silane precursors using the sol–gel technology, and characterized using gel permeation chromatography, 1H, 13C, and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance and MS spectroscopies. One-fourth of the silanol groups present in the polysiloxane have been protected with chlorotrimethylsilane. The refractive index of the silicon wafer coated with the new polysiloxane was found to be 1.53, which is higher compare to traditional values. Importantly, the new protected three-dimensional polysiloxane did not age after being stored at T = 40°C for 3 weeks. 相似文献
3.
Kayla Fallon Sean Hughes Katharina Zeissler William Legrand Fernando Ajejas Davide Maccariello Samuel McFadzean William Smith Damien McGrouther Sophie Collin Nicolas Reyren Vincent Cros Christopher H. Marrows Stephen McVitie 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(13)
Magnetic skyrmions are particle‐like deformations in a magnetic texture. They have great potential as information carriers in spintronic devices because of their interesting topological properties and favorable motion under spin currents. A new method of nucleating skyrmions at nanoscale defect sites, created in a controlled manner with focused ion beam irradiation, in polycrystalline magnetic multilayer samples with an interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, is reported. This new method has three notable advantages: 1) localization of nucleation; 2) stability over a larger range of external field strengths, including stability at zero field; and 3) existence of skyrmions in material systems where, prior to defect fabrication, skyrmions were not previously obtained by field cycling. Additionally, it is observed that the size of defect nucleated skyrmions is uninfluenced by the defect itself—provided that the artificial defects are controlled to be smaller than the inherent skyrmion size. All of these characteristics are expected to be useful toward the goal of realizing a skyrmion‐based spintronic device. This phenomenon is studied with a range of transmission electron microscopy techniques to probe quantitatively the magnetic behavior at the defects with applied field and correlate this with the structural impact of the defects. 相似文献
4.
Zachary Freudenburg Khaterah Kohneshin Erik Aarnoutse Mariska Vansteensel Mariana Branco Sacha Leinders Max van den Boom Elmar G. M. Pels Nick Ramsey 《控制理论与应用(英文版)》2021,19(4):444-454
While brain computer interfaces (BCIs) offer the potential of allowing those suffering from loss of muscle control to once
again fully engage with their environment by bypassing the affected motor system and decoding user intentions directly from
brain activity, they are prone to errors. One possible avenue for BCI performance improvement is to detect when the BCI user
perceives the BCI to have made an unintended action and thus take corrective actions. Error-related potentials (ErrPs) are
neural correlates of error awareness and as such can provide an indication of when a BCI system is not performing according
to the user’s intentions. Here, we investigate the brain signals of an implanted BCI user suffering from locked-in syndrome
(LIS) due to late-stage ALS that prevents her from being able to speak or move but not from using her BCI at home on a
daily basis to communicate, for the presence of error-related signals. We first establish the presence of an ErrP originating
from the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (dLPFC) in response to errors made during a discrete feedback task that mimics the
click-based spelling software she uses to communicate. Then, we show that this ErrP can also be elicited by cursor movement
errors in a continuous BCI cursor control task. This work represents a first step toward detecting ErrPs during the daily
home use of a communications BCI. 相似文献
5.
Daniel Weisz-Patrault Alain Ehrlacher Nicolas Legrand 《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2012,55(4):629-641
Knowledge of the temperature field in the roll is a critical factor of modern, high-speed rolling mills. In this paper, an inverse analytical method is developed to determine the temperature field and especially the temperature (and heat flux) at the surface of the roll by measuring the temperature with a thermocouple (fully embedded) at only one point inside the roll. Iterative methods are not studied because short computation times are desired. Some assumptions are done to resolve analytically the unsteady heat equation, taking into account the restrictions of the measurement system (e.g., measurement according to successive times). The solution is validated by comparing the outputs of the method and prescribed analytical temperature fields. Good agreement is obtained. Noise sensitivity is estimated by adding artificial random numbers to the inputs. Good accuracy is observed. A 10% error of the temperature sensor depth is also considered and does not compromise the method. On the other hand, the computation time (around 0.05 s by cycle) is studied to rapidly optimise the industrial parameters during the rolling process. 相似文献
6.
Emilia Szymańska Katarzyna Winnicka Piotr Wieczorek Pawe? Tomasz Sacha El?bieta Anna Tryniszewska 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(10):17765-17777
The combination of an antifungal agent and drug carrier with adjunctive antimicrobial properties represents novel strategy of complex therapy in pharmaceutical technology. The goal of this study was to investigate the unmodified and ion cross-linked chitosan’s influence on anti-Candida activity of clotrimazole used as a model drug in hydrogels. It was particularly crucial to explore whether the chitosans’ structure modification by β-glycerophosphate altered its antifungal properties. Antifungal studies (performed by plate diffusion method according to CLSI reference protocol) revealed that hydrogels obtained with chitosan/β-glycerophosphate displayed lower anti-Candida effect, probably as a result of weakened polycationic properties of chitosan in the presence of ion cross-linker. Designed chitosan hydrogels with clotrimazole were found to be more efficient against tested Candida strains and showed more favorable drug release profile compared to commercially available product. These observations indicate that novel chitosan formulations may be considered as promising semi-solid delivery system of clotrimazole. 相似文献
7.
Treatment of complex gaseous emissions emitted by a rendering facility using a semi‐industrial biofilter 下载免费PDF全文
8.
9.
Laurène Legrand Sylvain Patinet Jean-Baptiste Leblond Joël Frelat Véronique Lazarus Damien Vandembroucq 《International Journal of Fracture》2011,170(1):67-82
Several groups have studied experimentally the deformation of the front of mode I cracks propagating quasistatically along
the interface between bonded plates. The theoretical interpretation of such experiments has always been based up to now on
a formula of Rice (ASME J Appl Mech 52:571–579, 1985); this formula provides the first-order variation of the local mode I stress intensity factor resulting from some small,
but otherwise arbitrary coplanar perturbation of the front of a semi-infinite crack in an infinite body. To be applicable
to bonded plates, this formula requires that the characteristic distance of variation of this perturbation in the direction
of the crack front be small compared to all other characteristic dimensions of the problem, and first of all the thickness
of the plates. This condition is unfortunately frequently violated in practice. The purpose of this paper is therefore to
provide a more exact formula for the variation of the local stress intensity factor, for the specific cracked geometry and
boundary conditions used in experiments; this should allow for more accurate theoretical interpretations. This is done in
two steps. The first one consists in adapting Rice’s (ASME J Appl Mech 52:571–579, 1985) treatment, applicable to the extreme case of plates of infinite thickness, to the other extreme one of plates of infinitesimal
thickness, using the standard Love-Kirchhoff plate theory. An interesting outcome of the analysis is that the distance from
the crack front to the boundary of the plate acts as a “cutoff length”, in the sense that when the distance between two points
on the crack front gets larger than it, the influence of the crack advance at the first point upon the stress intensity factor
at the second diminishes quickly; the plate thickness, however, plays no similar role. The second step consists in supplementing
the theoretical expressions applicable to extreme values of the plate thickness with finite element computations providing
results for intermediate values. These computations lead to the definition of a simple, approximate but accurate “interpolation
formula” for the variation of the local stress intensity factor, applicable to plates of arbitrary thickness. 相似文献
10.
Sibylle Infanger Sylvain Bischof Andreas Hiltbrunner Birgit Agne Sacha Baginsky Felix Kessler 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2011,4(2)
Successful import of hundreds of nucleus-encoded proteins is essential for chloroplast biogenesis. The import of cytosolic precursor proteins relies on the Toc- (translocon at the outer chloroplast membrane) and Tic- (translocon at the inner chloroplast membrane) complexes. In Arabidopsis thaliana,precursor recognition is mainly mediated by outer membrane receptors belonging to two gene families: Toc34/33 and Toc159/132/120/90. The role in import and precursor selectivity of these receptors has been intensively studied,but the function of Toc90 still remains unclear. Here,we report the ability of Toc90 to support the import of Toc159 client proteins. We show that the overexpression of Toc90 partially complements the albino knockout of Toc159 and restores photoautotrophic growth. Several lines of evidence including proteome profiling demonstrate the import and accumulation of proteins essential for chloroplast biogenesis and functionality. 相似文献