碳点的制备与应用研究进展

综述了碳点的制备、发光原理以及应用的研究进展,重点介绍了碳点制备方法,讨论了自上而下法中电弧放电、激光消融和电化学氧化法以及自下而上法中燃烧法、模板法、水热法及热解法等制备碳点的优缺点、荧光量子产率以及研究趋势;指出未来研究中,需进一步优化碳点合成及修饰方法,深入探究碳点发光机理,提高碳点荧光量子产率;而制备能精确、灵敏、快速且易于检测荧光信号的碳点是其在应用中为各种化学检测及分析提供新技术和新方法的关键。     

临界点附近水的等容比热

本文分析了临界物态的一般特性。提出了一种新的计算临界点附近水的等容比热的方法与公式。对水的单相区、二相区和界面曲线的等容比热进行计算,其结果令人满意。该计算公式既简单又准确,适用于实验设备和工程设计应用。     

反应速率系数对HF化学激光器增益特性的影响

本文研究了HF化学激光器中两股平行气流的速度比和动力学速率系数的不确定性对增益系数的影响。指出HF(V)-H是最快的碰撞弛豫过程,其速率系数值对估算的增益系数有较大影响。     

对保温冒口在使用中冒口根部粘砂的改进

近年来,保温冒口已广泛地应用于铸钢件生产上,它不仅能够提高工艺出品率,减少冒口所需钢水量,降低成本,特别是对单件生产的铸钢件,还可以减少冒口木模样的制作材料及费用。     

Improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy by gadolinium addition

Based on the previous investigation on beneficial introduction of holmium into magnesium alloy, the effect of gadolinium, an adjacent rare earth element, on corrosion resistance was examined. The corrosion behavior of two Mg-9Al-Gd alloys （Mg-9Al-0.45Gd and Mg-9Al-l.43Gd） was evaluated and compared with that of Mg-9Al alloy without Gd by means of specimen mass loss and hydrogen evolution in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg（OH）2. The Gd-containing alloys exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance with respect to the plain Mg-9Al alloy. The microstructures of Mg-9Al alloy and Mg-9Al-0.45 Gd alloy were observed by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and energy dispersion spectroscopy （EDS）. The alloys with Gd addition show a microstructure characterized by a phase solid solution, surrounded by minor amount of β phase and more grain-like Gd-containing phase. To illustrate the involved mechanism their polarization curves were recorded. The electrochemical investigations reveal that Gd addition shifts the corrosion potential of the alloy towards active, as Gd containing phase is more active and hence less cathodic. As a result, the micro-galvanic corrosion is suppressed. Moreover corrosion product films formed on the Gd containing alloys are more compact and provide a better protective effectiveness than that on the alloy without Gd against corrosion. Repassivation measurements in mixture solution of 0.21 mol/L K2CrO4＋0.6 mol/L NaCI also verify the beneficial role of Gd addition. Based on the present preliminary analysis, both the deposited Gd-containing phases and corrosion product films are believed to be responsible for the improved corrosion behaviour due to Gd addition.     

含稀土耐蚀Mg-9Al铸造镁合金腐蚀行为研究

通过盐雾、失重及析氢等腐蚀试验研究了新研制的含稀土的Mg-9Al铸造镁合金AR091在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并与目前常用的ZM5和AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀行为进行了对比。结果表明,AR091具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。AR091的微观组织与AZ91有明显差别,其晶粒更为细小,β相明显减少,还存在许多针状含稀土元素(RE)的析出相。合金内各相间的微电偶腐蚀明显减弱,阴极反应过程受到抑制。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)及俄歇电子谱(AES)研究比较了合金的表面腐蚀产物膜,结果表明,在AR091合金表面能形成更为致密、保护性更好的腐蚀产物膜。     

镁合金化学转化膜

综述了镁合金化学转化膜技术的现状，主要涉及化学转化处理工艺及在多种不同处理液中所得到的转化膜的特性，最后还展望了今后镁合金化学转化膜的发展趋势。     

改进PSO-BP神经网络对尾矿坝地下水位的预测方法

为解决传统算法收敛速度慢、精度低的问题,提出一种改进粒子群算法(improved particle swarm optimization, IPSO),通过在寻优过程中动态调整惯性因子ω和加速因子c₁和c₂,提高算法的寻优效率;利用改进算法优化BP(back propagation)网络的权值和阈值,建立尾矿坝地下水位预测模型,结合实例数据对预测模型进行验证。研究结果表明,改进算法的收敛速度得到改善,预测模型对坝体地下水位的预测精度得到提高。     

新型井下高压电网防越级调闸方案的研究

在分析我国井下高压电网短路故障的基础上,深入研究相关保护原理及提高井下高压电网保护灵敏度和可靠性的方法,设计出新型的井下高压选择性联锁速断过流保护方案,从而做到快速的、有选择性的切断故障线路,避免煤矿井下高压电网因越级跳闸而造成大面积停电。     

矿井高压漏电保护整定方案研究

煤矿井下高压电网漏电保护整定计算复杂,需考虑很多因素,保护动作值设定偏大或偏小,将会使保护装置误动或拒动,在介绍矿井高压电网漏电保护整定原则基础上,探讨不同接地方式下的漏电保护整定方法,确保矿井高压电网安全运行。