Study on spinel-based inert anode for aluminium electrolysis

1 IntroductionSince the Hall-Heroult process was applied in aluminium production,an inert anode was al ways thetarget that the aluminiumindustry is seeking for in the newtechnology field. The greenhouse gases CO2and the fluoride CFnemittedfromthe present carbon anodes ,give a huge pressure onthe environment .Theapplication of inert anodes will help us go through this trouble :a cell with inert anodes emits oxygen in-stead of CO2and other nocuous gases ;the newtype of cell with inert anodes …     

Density and ionic structure of NdF3-LiF melts

NdF3-LiF melts are commonly used in the electrolysis process of metallic neodymium production. Research on the density and ionic structure of the electrolyte is important for its close connection with the electrolysis mechanism and process. In this paper, the density of LiF-NdF3 melts was studied by the Archimedes method. The results showed that the density decreased with increasing temperature and LiF contents. The changing law was discussed and explained in terms of the micro ionic structure of the melts....     

Identification of structural entities in NdF3-LiF melts with cryoscopic method

Nd-F species in NdF3-LiF melts were studied using cryoscopic method.Liquidus temperatures of melts of various compositions were determined by differential thermal analysis(DTA).Based on the different model calculations,NdF4- was identified as the most likely Nd-F entity in the melts in which the mole fraction of NdF3 was lower than 20%,considering only one single Nd species in the melt,and which was formed in accordance with Temkin model or Flood model.Then,activities of different components in the melts were researched.The results show that activity of LiF decreases,and that of NdF3 increases with increasing the mole fraction of NdF3.The value of activity coefficient of NdF3 is higher than 1,and that of LiF is lower than 1.     

Equivalent conductivity and its activation energy of NaF-AlF3 melts

Electrical conductivity of NaF-AlF3 melts was measured by continuously varying cell constant(CVCC) technique. Relationships between equivalent conductivity at 990-1 030 ℃ and temperature and composition, and relationship between equivalent conductivity activation energy and composition of the melts were then studied on the basis of two-step decomposition mechanism of AlF63-. According to the changes of molar fractions of different anions in NaF-AlF3 melts, courses of dependence of equivalent conductivity and its activation energy on composition were analyzed. The results show that the influence of temperature on equivalent conductivity of the melts is small in the researched temperature range, and equivalent conductivity increases with increasing the molar fraction of AlF3; there is a minimum point in the activation energy-composition curve when molar fraction of AlF3 is 0.29.     

电极材料对铝电解阴极过程研究的影响

电解铝工业中铝的析出发生在阴极上，研究铝析出反应的机理对实际工况有很好的指导意义。研究发现，炭电极上的Al、Na共沉积现象严重，致使循环伏安曲线上Al的析出峰被掩盖。因此人们试图用一些金属电极Ni、Pt、Au、Ta、Cu、W等来代替炭电极，但研究发现大部分金属电极都与Al反应生成合金，干扰了对真实电极过程的研究。只有W与Al的合金化作用较小，因此对冰晶石一氧化铝熔体的阴极电化学研究采用了W电极。而目前TiH2基可湿润阴极是极具发展前景的铝电解槽阴极材料，但这方面的研究还很不够，需做进一步的研究。     

Al-In-Mg系铝合金阳极在NaOH溶液中的电化学行为

以Al-In-Mg合金为基础，选择添加Pb、Mn、sn制备了4类铝合金阳极材料。通过自腐蚀、开路电位、阳极极化方式研究了该系列合金阳极在c(NaOH)=4mol／L溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为，初步分析了合金成分、介质温度及溶液缓蚀剂对合金阳极性能的影响。结果发现：制备的3#(Al-In-Mg-Sn)合金、4#(Al-In-Mg-Sn-Pb)合金阳极在c(NaOH)=4mol／L c(Na2SnO3)=0．04mol／L溶液中表现出更好的电化学性能，具有比纯铝(99．95％)更负的开路电位，更小的自腐蚀速率和更低的阳极极化。     

铝电解陶瓷类惰性阳极材料的发展

对了铝电解对惰性阳极材料的要求进行了说明。介绍了多种对金属氧化物陶瓷材料和金属陶瓷材料为基体惰性阳极的实验室研究及工业试验情况，并阐述了对添加剂对阳极性能的影响。     

含氟化镁电解质体系的性质探讨和生产对策

针对电解铝生产中出现的含镁电解质体系性质进行了探讨。对生产中出现的操作问题,系统的分析了原因,并结合生产实际找出了应对措施。     

铝电解质的酸度问题

阐述了国内外在铝电解质酸度定义上的分歧,讨论了产生这些分歧的原因,并给出两种酸度定义之间的关系,解释了何以进口Ｘ射线荧光分析仪器不适用于中国工业铝电解的原因,最终在一家铝厂内解决这一困扰我们的实际问题。     

Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐的Raman光谱和离子结构

基于测定的熔融冰晶石的Raman光谱和对散射系数的新理解,重新分析以前研究的942～1024℃的酸性NaF-AlF3熔盐中存在的不同离子团的含量。新的定量分析结果表明：对于分子比小于2的熔盐,AlF4-是含量最高的阴离子;当分子比为1.5时,其摩尔分数约为0.70;当分子比为2时,其摩尔分数为0.50。当分子比大于2.5时,AlF6^3-相对含量更高;当分子比为2.5时,其摩尔分数为0.45。然后,采用紫外Raman光谱法研究Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐的离子结构。研究结果表明：熔盐中存在八面体的AlF63-和四面体的AlF4^-,基团中的F-可能被O^2-部分取代。在Al2O3的质量分数大于4%的熔盐中存在具有大散射系数的Al2O2F4^2-。光谱中的波段随温度的升高发生蓝移。