Enabling the detection of UV signal in multimodal nonlinear microscopy with catalogue lens components

Using an optical system made from fused silica catalogue optical components, third‐order nonlinear microscopy has been enabled on conventional Ti:sapphire laser‐based multiphoton microscopy setups. The optical system is designed using two lens groups with straightforward adaptation to other microscope stands when one of the lens groups is exchanged. Within the theoretical design, the optical system collects and transmits light with wavelengths between the near ultraviolet and the near infrared from an object field of at least 1 mm in diameter within a resulting numerical aperture of up to 0.56. The numerical aperture can be controlled with a variable aperture stop between the two lens groups of the condenser. We demonstrate this new detection capability in third harmonic generation imaging experiments at the harmonic wavelength of ～300 nm and in multimodal nonlinear optical imaging experiments using third‐order sum frequency generation and coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering microscopy so that the wavelengths of the detected signals range from ～300 nm to ～660 nm.     

Flow Properties of Canola Seed Pastes

Flow properties of Canola seed pastes, prepared by crushing seeds to <0.125 mm dia. and adding Canola oil, were measured under the following conditions: shear rate 0.1 to 225 s^?1, concentration 35.3 to 95.7% (g solid/g liquid), temperature 288.15 to 328.15 K. The pastes were shear thinning and their rheological behavior was described by a Herschel-Bulkley model. For solid concentrations ≥ 40%, a turning temperature (T′) was noted. Below T, the shear stress fell with increasing temperature but above T shear stress increased with increasing temperature.     

SAPNE—接近于零排放的硫酸生产工艺

介绍了接近于零排放的硫酸生产新工艺（SAPNE）。该工艺结合了接触法制酸技术和硝化制酸技术。来自净化工序的气体依次经ω（H2SO4）65%、ω（H2SO4)96%硫酸干燥后,进行一段转化,70%的SO2转化成SO3并制成ω（H2SO4）98%硫酸,剩余的SO2再经NOx催化氧化成SO3制成ω(H2SO4）76%硫酸,SO2的总转化率达99.997%,SAPNE工艺的投资费用是两转两吸工艺的近95%,操作费用近90%。     

Missing wedge computed tomography by iterative algorithm DIRECTT

A strategy to mitigate typical reconstruction artefacts in missing wedge computed tomography is presented. These artefacts appear as elongations of reconstructed details along the mean direction (i.e. the symmetry centre of the projections). Although absent in standard computed tomography applications, they are most prominent in advanced electron tomography and also in special topics of X‐ray and neutron tomography under restricted geometric boundary conditions. We investigate the performance of the DIRECTT (Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories) algorithm to reduce the directional artefacts in standard procedures. In order to be sensitive to the anisotropic nature of missing wedge artefacts, we investigate isotropic substructures of metal foam as well as circular disc models. Comparison is drawn to filtered backprojection and algebraic techniques. Reference is made to reconstructions of complete data sets. For the purpose of assessing the reconstruction quality, Fourier transforms are employed to visualize the missing wedge directly. Deficient reconstructions of disc models are evaluated by a length‐weighted kernel density estimation, which yields the probabilities of boundary orientations. The DIRECTT results are assessed at different signal‐to‐noise ratios by means of local and integral evaluation parameters.     

Real-Time Structure and Motion by Fusion of Inertial and Vision Data for Mobile AR System

In our previous work,we have presented a mo-bile augmented reality system,which is based on vi-sual inside-out tracking of natural landmarks[1].However it is unrealistic to demand a priori accuratemodeling of an outdoor scene for subsequent trackingpurpose.Furthermore,it is very hard to establishmodel for i mage correspondence,especially in thereal-ti me.Online structure and motion algorithmscould avoid the difficult correspondence problem,be-cause correspondenceisinherently esti mated bytrack…     

Device Driver and DMA Controller Synthesis from HW /SW Communication Protocol Specifications

We have separated the information requiredfor HW/SW interface synthesis into three parts,the protocol specification, the operating system related information,and the processor related information. From these inputs a synthesistool generates (a) device driver functions or (b) a combinationof device driver functions and a DMA controller, depending ona designer's decision. The clean separation of information facilitates(1) efficient design space exploration with combinations of differentprocessors, operating systems and protocols, and (2) maintaininga large number of different versions and variants of HW/SWinterfaces by synthesising them on demand. Protocols are specifiedas a grammar, which is fully independent of architecture andimplementation. From this the synthesis tool generates devicedriver code in C and/or synthesizable RTL codein VHDL for DMA controllers. After the initial selection of implementationalternatives the presented methods are fully automated. Its computationalcomplexity is quadratic in terms of the number of states. Withreal-life examples we show that the quality of the generatedcode is close to hand written quality in terms of performance,area and code size.     

THE USE OF BAYESIAN BELIEF NETS IN SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF SOFTWARE BASED SYSTEMS

The paper describes an investigation of methods to perform a reliability and safety assessment of the software in programmable safety relevant systems. It emphasises in particular how disparate information sources and different quantitative and qualitative methods should be combined in such an assessment. It starts with a general discussion of rule based, probabilistic and expert judgement methods and their applicability on software reliability. Then a method for combining different evidences in a reliability and safety assessment is pinpointed, viz. the Bayesian Belief Net (BBN) methodology. It is also illustrated how this method may be applied for safety assessment of software.     

Structural Characterization of Phase Separation in Fe-Cr: A Current Comparison of Experimental Methods

Self-assembly due to phase separation within a miscibility gap is important in numerous material systems and applications. A system of particular interest is the binary alloy system Fe-Cr, since it is both a suitable model material and the base system for the stainless steel alloy category, suffering from low-temperature embrittlement due to phase separation. Structural characterization of the minute nano-scale concentration fluctuations during early phase separation has for a long time been considered a major challenge within material characterization. However, recent developments present new opportunities in this field. Here, we present an overview of the current capabilities and limitations of different techniques. A set of Fe-Cr alloys were investigated using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), atom probe tomography, and analytical transmission electron microscopy. The complementarity of the characterization techniques is clear, and combinatorial studies can provide complete quantitative structure information during phase separation in Fe-Cr alloys. Furthermore, we argue that SANS provides a unique in-situ access to the nanostructure, and that direct comparisons between SANS and phase-field modeling, solving the non-linear Cahn Hilliard equation with proper physical input, should be pursued.