退火制度对钎焊用热轧复合铝板组织与性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、拉伸试验机、硬度计等研究了4343/3003/4343铝合金轧制复合板在100~500℃退火15min~10h后的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:芯层合金300℃退火1h后开始再结晶,370℃以上退火1h后已完全再结晶且伴随有弥散相析出,弥散相析出后通过钉扎晶界阻碍再结晶晶粒长大;1h退火时,随退火温度升高,芯层合金晶粒先增大后减小,复合板的拉伸强度与硬度先降低后升高;370℃退火时,随退火时间延长,芯层合金再结晶程度增加,晶粒缓慢长大,复合板的拉伸强度与硬度下降;复合板最佳退火工艺为370℃/1h。     

ECAP法制备细晶ZK60镁合金的微观组织与力学性能

利用等通道转角挤压法(ECAP)制备出了细晶ZK60合金,通过金相组织观察,拉伸性能测试,EBSD和透射电镜(TEM)研究了不同挤压温度和挤压道次对合金组织与性能的影响.结果表明:ZK60镁合金在210～240℃温度范围内进行ECAP挤压能获得较好的晶粒细化效果;在240℃进行ECAP挤压时,随着挤压道次的增加,合金晶...     

Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金热压缩变形行为的预测

采用了热模拟实验机研究了Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金的热压缩变形行为。实验的温度和应变速率分别为340～500℃,0.001～10 s-1。分别用了本构方程和人工神经网络来对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的流变行为进行了分析和模拟。神经网络的结构是3-20-1;输入参数是温度,应变速率和应变;输出参数是流变应力。结果表明该合金的流变曲线出现加工硬化、过渡、软化和稳态流变这4个阶段,流变应力随着应变速率的增加而增大,随着变形温度的下降而减少。用所建立的神经网络模型预测了变形温度和应变速率对流变应力的影响,预测的结果与热压缩变形的基础理论吻合得很好,而且该模型可以很好地描述Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的流变应力,在应变速率为0.001～10 s-1的条件下,其平均相对误差分别为3.68%,3.98%,1.53%,3.53%和2.04%。这表明神经网络的预测性能优良,具有很强的推广能力。同时通过本构方程和神经网络的预测结果比较看出神经网络模型的相关系数比较高,而且神经网络比本构方程有更好的预测性能。神经网络可以预测不同应变下的相应的流变应力,但是本构方程只可以根据不同的应变速率和温度来预测峰值应力。     

Flow stress behavior of Al-Cu-Li-Zr alloy containing Sc during hot compression deformation

The flow stress behavior of Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li-0.25（Sc＋Zr） alloy during hot compression deformation was studied by isothermal compression test using Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulator. Compression tests were preformed in the temperature range of 653-773 K and in the strain rate range of 0.001-10 s^-1 up to a true plastic strain of 0.7. The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate at a given temperature,and decreases with increasing temperature at a given imposed strain rate. The relationship between the flow stress and the strain rate and the temperature was derived by analyzing the experimental data. The flow stress is in a hyperbolic sine relationship with the strain rate,and in an Arrhenius relationship with the temperature,which imply that the process of plastic deformation at an elevated temperature for this material is thermally activated. The flow stress of the alloy during the elevated temperature deformation can be represented by a Zener-Hollomon parameter with the inclusion of the Arrhenius term. The values of n,α and A in the analytical expressions of flow stress σ are fitted to be 5.62,0.019 MPa^-1 and 1.51×10^16 s^-1,respectively. The hot deformation activation energy is 240.85 kJ/mol.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy after retrogression and re-aging treatments

The mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of an Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different aging conditions were investigated. The dependence of microstructure and mechanical properties on aging parameters was evaluated by tensile test, hardness test and conductivity measurement. The results show that for the alloys with retrogression and re-aging treatment (RRA), the conductivity increases with the retrogression time and temperature, while the tensile strength decreases. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that the precipitates η(MgZn₂) at grain boundary aggregate apparently with retrogression time and the precipitates inside the matrix exhibit the similar distribution to T6 temper, which comprises fine GP zones, large η′(MgZn₂) and η(MgZn₂) phases. According to the mechanical properties and microstructure observations, the optimal RRA regime is recommended to be 120 °C, 24 h + 180 °C, 30 min + 120 °C, 24 h. The strength level of the alloy after the optimum RRA treatment is similar to that in T6 condition and the SCC resistance is improved obviously in contrast to T6 condition.     

含钪铝锌镁锆合金的热变形加工图及其应用

利用Gleeble-1500型热模拟试验机对含钪铝锌镁锆高强可焊铝合金进行热压缩试验,研究了该合金在热变形过程中的流变应力;在此基础上,基于动态材料模型以及PRASAD失稳判据,建立了合金的热变形加工图,并得出了合金的最佳热加工工艺参数。结果表明:试验合金的高温流变应力-应变曲线主要以动态回复和动态再结晶软化机制为特征,其流变行为可以用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,其变形激活能为150.25kJ·mol-1;该合金适宜采用变形温度为360～400℃、应变速率为0.001～0.003s-1的热加工工艺。     

3003铝合金无缝管制备过程中的显微组织与力学性能变化

研究了制备过程中不同状态下3003铝合金无缝管的组织、力学性能及拉伸断口形貌。结果表明:3003铝合金铸锭适宜的均匀化退火制度为600℃×5h;热挤压过程发生动态再结晶生成了等轴晶粒,冷加工后沿变形方向产生明显的变形组织,400℃退火1h后力学性能较好;不同状态下的拉伸断口上有许多细小的等轴状韧窝,退火后的韧窝变大变深,塑性明显变好。     

High cycle fatigue and fracture behavior of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy

The high cycle fatigue properties and fracture behavior of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy were investigated roundly, including the fatigue crack growth rate, fracture toughness and fatigue S--N curve. Furthermore, the fatigue crack growth rate was analyzed by fitting the curves. And the microstructure of the alloy was studied using by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscop1/2 The results show that the fatigue strength and the fracture toughness of 2124-T851 thick plate are 243 MPa and 29.6 MPa.m at room temperature and R=0. 1, respectively. At high cycle fatigue condition, the characteristics of fatigue facture were observed obviously. And the higher the stress amplitude, the wider the space between the fatigue striations, the faster the rate of fatigue crack developing and going into the intermittent fracture area and the greater the ratio between the intermittent fracture area and the whole fracture area.     

Microstructures and properties of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-flee solder alloys containing La

Trace amounts of La were utilized to improve the melting behaviors, microstructures, tensile properties and microhardness of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder alloy. La has little effect on the melting behavior of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu alloy according to the differential thermal analysis （DTA） tests. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns show that β-Sn, Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 coexist in the as-cast solder alloys and LaSn3 phases emerge when adding 0.4% La. The microstructures modified by La are more uniform and much finer than that of baseline alloy, and the coarse LaSn3 particles with complex dendrites are observed by optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） when the addition of La is up to 0.4%. The composition of the LaSn3 phases is identified by energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. There are considerable improvements in mechanical properties with 0.05% and 0.1% addition, but degenerations by adding 0.4%La. The Vickers microhardness of β-Sn and eutectic area are both enhanced with the addition of La and the microhardness of LaSn3 is much larger than those of β-Sn and eutectic area.     

时效对含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金腐蚀行为的影响

研究了一种含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在不同时效状态下的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀行为.结果表明：不同时效温度下峰时效态合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效温度的升高而增加；在160℃下时效，合金的晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀倾向随着时效时间的延长而增加.含Sc的Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金在EXCO溶液中进行的极化曲线测试结果也表现出相同的腐蚀趋势.微观组织观察分析表明，T1（Al2CuLi）相和无沉淀析出带（PFZ）是引起合金腐蚀敏感性增加的主要因素.