Effect of spheroidized microstructure on the impact toughness and electrochemical performance of a high-carbon steel

The influence of cementite spheroidization on the impact toughness and electrochemical properties of a high-carbon steel has been thoroughly investigated in this study. Heavy warm rolling, followed by 2 h of annealing, has resulted in near-complete spheroidization, leading to a microstructure consisting of nano-cementite globules dispersed in the ultrafine-grained ferritic matrix. The Charpy impact test exhibited superior impact toughness with increased spheroidization. It is validated by the presence of abundant dimples in the fractographs of spheroidized specimens, in contrast to the as-received one that experienced a brittle failure due to its lamellar pearlitic structure. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out in a 3.5% NaCl solution revealed that the corrosion resistance of the alloy gets improved with the increase in the degree of spheroidization. This is attributed to the lower susceptibility of the spheroidized specimen to microgalvanic corrosion owing to the minimum area of contact between nano-spheroidized cementite and ferrite, as elucidated with the help of EIS results aided by equivalent electrical circuit model.     

Pd–NPs@MMT–K10 Catalysis of Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-coupling Reaction: In Situ Generation and Ex Situ Use

Catalysis Letters - Due to high surface area and low swelling property, Montmorillonite–K10 (MMT–K10) has been gaining widespread applications in heterogeneous catalysis as a material...     

Secure image encryption scheme using high efficiency word-oriented feedback shift register over finite field

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Image encryption is an evolving technique in the arena of data communication. In the last decade, many encryption schemes have been suggested. Unfortunately,...     

Impact of zonal wind on latitudinal variation of total columnar ozone over the Indian Peninsula

Latitudinal and seasonal variability of total columnar ozone from September 2007 to August 2008 across the Indian longitude sector within 10.5° N to 34.5° N and 70.5° E to 94.5° E using satellite data obtained from Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) is presented. The total column ozone (TCO) over the area of study shows a gradually varying pattern throughout the year. In the post-monsoon (autumn) and winter months, maximum TCO is observed in the north-western part of the subcontinent while the minimum is often observed towards the east at about the same latitudes. A west–east spatial gradient is clearly observed in autumn months. As winter approaches, a north–south spatial gradient becomes more prominent than the east–west gradient. It has been further observed that TCO does not vary significantly over the entire subcontinent in monsoon.     

A review on the clad failure studies

In this paper, an attempt has been made to systematically organize the research investigations conducted on clad tube failure, so far. Before presenting the review on the clad failure studies, an introduction to different clad materials has been added, in which the effect of alloying elements on the material properties have been presented. The literature on clad failure has been broadly categorized under the headings LOCA and RIA. The failure mechanisms like creep, corrosion and pellet-clad interaction have been discussed in details. Each subsection of the review has been provided with summary table, in which the studies are arranged in the chronological order. A small section on acceptance criteria for ECCS has also been included. The last section of the review has been dedicated to the core-degradation phenomena.     

Decreasing the cycle time for in‐mold coating (IMC) of sheet molding compound (SMC) compression molding

In‐mold coating (IMC) is a thermosetting liquid applied to compression molded sheet molding compound (SMC) exterior automotive or truck body panels as an environmentally friendly primer to improve surface quality and make the part conductive for subsequent electrostatic painting. The IMC is injected onto the surface of the SMC then cures and bonds to provide a smooth conductive and protective surface. In IMC as in many other reactive polymer processes, to have short cycle time while maintaining adequate flow time and pot life is required. This allows enough time to fill the mold before solidification. In this study, the effect of inhibitor (p‐benzoquinone), initiator (t‐butyl peroxybenzoate), and mold temperature on the flow and cure time of IMC materials has been experimentally investigated using differential scanning calorimeter. A cure model is developed based on experiments to predict inhibition and cure time. A multiple criteria optimization method was employed to identify the setting parameters of the controllable process variables that provide the best compromise (Pareto frontier [PF]) between flow and cure time. The analysis shows that simultaneous addition of initiator and inhibitor allows the molding to be performed at a higher temperature, which moves the PF toward the ideal location. Hence, minimizes the cure time and maximizes the flow time simultaneously. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1158–1166 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Performance of multiprocessor interconnection networks

A tutorial is provided on the performance evaluation of multiprocessor interconnection networks, to guide system designers in their design process. A classification of parallel/distributed systems is followed by a classification of multiprocessor interconnection networks. Basic terminology for performance evaluation is presented. The performance of crossbar interconnection networks, multistage interconnection networks, and multiple-bus systems is then addressed, and a comparison is made along them     

An Investigation of Turbulent Rectangular Jet Discharged Into A Narrow Channel Weak Crossflow

A computational investigation of the mean flow field of turbulent rectangular jets issuing into a narrow channel crossflow is presented. The length of the jet slot spans more than 55% of the crossflow channel bed, leaving a small clearance between the jet edge and sidewalls. A finite volume code employing the standard k-εmodel is used to predict the mean, three-dimensional flow field. The mean flow field is investigated for two velocity ratios （6 and 9）. Important flow features, such as the formation of different vortical structures and their characteristics owing to different values of the velocity ratio, are discussed. Some predicted results are compared with the experimental data reported in the literature. The predicted mean and turbulent flow properties are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Very low sensitivity recursive digital filter structures

A type of realisation of recursive digital filters is proposed here to give very low-magnitude transfer function sensitivity with respect to multiplier coefficients. Simulation results of sensitivity values for a simple 2nd-order filter are presented and compared with some of the existing realisations to show the order of improvements.     

Deficit round-robin scheduling for input-queued switches

We address the problem of fair scheduling of packets in Internet routers with input-queued switches. The goal is to ensure that packets of different flows leave a router in proportion to their reservations under heavy traffic. First, we examine the problem when fair queuing is applied only at output link of a router, and verify that this approach is ineffective. Second, we propose a flow-based iterative deficit-round-robin (iDRR) fair scheduling algorithm for the crossbar switch that supports fair bandwidth distribution among flows, and achieves asymptotically 100% throughput under uniform traffic. Since the flow-based algorithm is hard to implement in hardware, we finally propose a port-based version of iDRR (called iPDRR) and describe its hardware implementation.