Deep Learning based Early Prediction Scheme for Breast Cancer

Wireless Personal Communications - Breast cancer is one of the rapid spreading diseases resulting in the death of younger age group of women. Unfortunately, as the detection of cancer is at later...     

Fabrication and characterisation of silver nanoparticles using bract extract of Musa paradisiaca for its synergistic combating effect on phytopathogens,free radical scavenging activity,and catalytic efficiency

This work explores the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Musa paradisiaca (M. paradisiaca) bract extract. The bio‐reduction of Ag⁺ ion was recorded using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy by a surface plasmon resonance extinction peak with an absorbance at 420 nm. The phytoconstituents responsible for the reduction of AgNPs was probed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The X‐ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of crystalline AgNPs that were analogous to selected area electron diffraction patterns. Morphological studies showed that the obtained AgNPs were monodispersed with an average size of 15 nm. The biologically synthesised AgNPs showed higher obstruction against tested phytopathogens. The synthesised AgNPs exhibited higher inhibitory zone against fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata and bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Free radical scavenging potential of AgNPs was investigated using 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl hydroxyl and 2,2‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline)‐6‐sulphonic acid assays which revealed that the synthesised AgNPs act as a potent radical scavenger. The catalytic efficiency of the synthesised AgNPs was investigated for azo dyes, methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and reduction of o‐nitrophenol to o‐aminophenol. The results portrayed that AgNPs act as an effective nanocatalyst to degrade MO to hydrazine derivatives, MB to leucomethylene blue, and o‐nitro phenol to o‐amino phenolInspec keywords: catalysis, dyes, electron diffraction, nanofabrication, silver, catalysts, surface plasmon resonance, reduction (chemical), free radicals, nanoparticles, transmission electron microscopy, nanobiotechnology, X‐ray diffraction, microorganisms, organic compounds, Fourier transform spectra, nanomedicine, visible spectra, antibacterial activity, infrared spectra, ultraviolet spectraOther keywords: silver nanoparticles, musa paradisiaca, synergistic combating effect, free radical scavenging activity, catalytic efficiency, M. paradisiaca, bio‐reduction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance extinction peak, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction pattern, selected area electron diffraction patterns, radical scavenging potential, potent radical scavenger, size 420.0 nm, size 15.0 nm, Ag⁺      

Exact equation and an algorithm for reliability evaluation of K-out-of-N:G system

An expression for reliability of K-out-of-N:G system is proposed. An algorithm for computing reliability of K-out-of-N system is given. It is an easy to implement, fast and memory efficient algorithm and helps to improve the computational efficiency considerably.     

CONTINUOUS FOAM SEPARATION OF HEAVY METAL IONS FROM ELECTROPLATING INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT

Process industries generate a large amount of waste materials during either production or downstreaming operations. Among many methods available for their separation, foam separation plays a major role, especially when the concentration of undesirable components involved is very low. The success of this technique depends on the stability and characteristics of the foam. This operation is simple with less maintenance as there are no moving parts. In the present study, simultaneous removal of metal ions such as chromium (VI), copper (II), and zinc (II) from electroplating industrial effluent was carried out with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as surfactant in continuous foam column. Enrichment ratios of 3.94, 4.05, and 7.96 with a percentage removal of 59.0%, 63.0%, and 99.2% were obtained for chromium (VI), copper (II), and zinc (II) ions respectively at the optimum operating parameters of 23 cm liquid pool height in column, 0.1 liter per minute (Lpm) of airflow rate, feed flow rate of 4 liters per hour (Lph), 0.1% (w/v) of SLS concentration, pH of 6.0, and at feed concentrations of 32.5, 27.0, and 23.0 ppm for chromium (VI), copper (II), and zinc (II) ions respectively. Enrichment ratio was found to increase with an increase in feed flow rate. With a decrease in concentration of the bulk solution, the separation factor was found to increase. The study indicates the feasibility of continuous foam separation for treating industrial effluents.     

Cytotoxic potentials of biologically fabricated platinum nanoparticles from Streptomyces sp. on MCF‐7 breast cancer cells

Biosynthesis of novel therapeutic nano‐scale materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications has been enormously developed, since last decade. Herein, the authors report an ecological way of synthesising the platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) using Streptomyces sp. for the first time. The produced PtNPs exhibited the face centred cubic system. The fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the existence of amino acids in proteins which serves as an essential reductant for the formation of PtNPs. The spherical morphology of the PtNPs with an average size of 20–50 nm was observed from topographical images of atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The X‐ray fluorescence spectrum confirms the presence of PtNPs with higher purity. The PtNPs size was further confirmed with transmission electron microscopy analysis and the particles were found to exist in the same size regime. Additionally, PtNPs showed the characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 262 nm. Dynamic light scattering studies report that 97.2% of particles were <100 nm, with an average particle diameter of about 45 nm. Furthermore, 3‐(4, 5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium assay based in vitro cytotoxicity analysis was conducted for the PtNPs, which showed the inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) at 31.2 µg/ml against Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 breast cancer cells.Inspec keywords: biomedical materials, materials preparation, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, nanofabrication, cellular biophysics, microorganisms, cancer, platinum, Fourier transform infrared spectra, proteins, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, light scatteringOther keywords: cytotoxic potentials, biologically fabricated platinum nanoparticles, Streptomyces sp, MCF‐7 breast cancer cells, biosynthesis, therapeutic nanoscale materials, biomedical applications, pharmaceutical applications, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, amino acids, spherical morphology, topographical images, atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray fluorescence spectrum, transmission electron microscopy analysis, surface plasmon resonance, dynamic light scattering, 3‐(4, 5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium assay, cytotoxicity analysis, Pt     

A comparative study on the structural and optical properties of PbO and Zn doped PbO nanocrystals

Zinc (Zn) doped lead oxide (PbO) nanoparticles were synthesized with different doping concentrations of Zn by chemical precipitation method. X-ray diffraction results show evidence of the shift in 2θ values towards higher angle, which indicates the substitution of Zn²⁺ atoms into the Pb²⁺ lattice sites. Morphology of the samples was analyzed by high resolution-transmission electron microscopy and SAED pattern reveals the crystalline nature of the sample. Zn atoms create impurity energy levels in the PbO and this was confirmed by the energy gap values in ultraviolet visible spectroscopy spectra. The defect levels of the samples were analyzed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that 0.1 M Zn doping on PbO seems to be the minimum optimum concentration to yield well defined crystallinity with modified optical properties and it can be used in preparing photoluminescent material.     

Markovian parallel system with the repairman's vacation

A parallel Markovian model with R repairmen and a vacation for the repairmen is considered. In this paper two models are analysed. In the first model, a repairman takes only a single vacation at a time. In the second model a repairman returning to an empty queue immediately takes another vacation. A recursive computational approach is given to solve the steady state equations of both models. Numerical results for performance measures are presented.     

2D graphene supported nickel oxide nano-composite for fiber optic ethanol gas sensing,removal of azo dye,and biological activity

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Green synthesis of multifunctional metal oxide nanoparticles and its composites are widely evaluated for their efficacy in environmental and...     

Effect of bismuth ions on the photoluminescence properties of BaTiO3:Dy3+ perovskite phosphors for LEDs application

A series of (Ba_1?xBi_0.01)TiO₃ doped with Dy³⁺ ions of varying concentrations is prepared by single-step solid-state reaction that promulgates solid-state lighting device applications. The cubic phase perovskite structure of the prepared samples is determined by the powder X-ray diffraction results. The emission spectra show evidence of intensive peaks at 572 nm attributing to the ⁴F_9/2 to ⁶H_15/2 of Dy³⁺ ions. Dy³⁺-doped phosphors (Ba_1?xBi_0.01) TiO₃: xDy³⁺ (x?=?0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07) exhibit yellow emission, and the highest intensity of emission demarcates the optimum concentration of Ba_1?xBi_0.01TiO₃:0.05Dy³⁺. SEM studies to assess the surface morphologies alongside the elemental analyses from energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) extensively for optimal concentration have been ventured. The Commission International De I-Eclairage (CIE) and correlated colour temperature (CCT) analyses authenticate the present phosphor genuine for fabricating light emitting diodes.