光敏剂在光动力治疗中的应用研究进展

光动力疗法（PDT）以其超高时空分辨率、非侵入性及低毒副作用的优点，被认为是治疗癌症和各种非恶性疾病的有效疗法之一。本文主要综述了几类光敏剂发展历史、主要结构、特点及研究进展，分析了高性能光敏剂的开发动态，包括化学修饰；与具有特定细胞受体的其他配体缀合成复合光敏剂；采取纳米技术，如纳米颗粒输送，基于富勒烯的光敏剂等。基于此，指出具有临床应用前景的高性能光敏剂的基本特征、设计原则及发展趋势。     

Destination-aware metric based social routing for mobile opportunistic networks

Wireless Networks - Although centrality is widely used to differentiate the importance of nodes for social-aware routing in mobile opportunistic networks (MONs), it is destination-agnostic since...     

基于物联网的安全监测系统在鹿鸣尾矿库的应用

尾矿库安全的在线监测是防止重大事故发生有效保障人民的生命财产安全和生态安全重要途径。本文详细介绍了鹿鸣尾矿库监测数据回传的多种通讯方式,以及选择各种回传方式的依据,进一步说明了系统在智慧矿山建设中的重要性。     

Identification of Pathogenicity-Related Genes in Biofilm-Defective Acidovorax citrulli by Transposon Tn5 Mutagenesis

Biofilm formation is important for virulence of a large number of plant pathogenic bacteria. Indeed, some virulence genes have been found to be involved in the formation of biofilm in bacterial fruit blotch pathogen Acidovorax citrulli. However, some virulent strains of A. citrulli were unable to format biofilm, indicating the complexity between biofilm formation and virulence. In this study, virulence-related genes were identified in the biofilm-defective strain A1 of A. citrulli by using Tn5 insertion, pathogenicity test, and high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (hiTAIL-PCR). Results from this study indicated that 22 out of the obtained 301 mutants significantly decreased the virulence of strain A1 compared to the wild-type. Furthermore, sequence analysis indicated that the obtained 22 mutants were due to the insertion of Tn5 into eight genes, including Aave 4244 (cation diffusion facilitator family transporter), Aave 4286 (hypothetical protein), Aave 4189 (alpha/beta hydrolase fold), Aave 1911 (IMP dehydrogenase/GMP reductase domain), Aave 4383 (bacterial export proteins, family 1), Aave 4256 (Hsp70 protein), Aave 0003 (histidine kinase, DNA gyrase B, and HSP90-like ATPase), and Aave 2428 (pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzyme). Furthermore, the growth of mutant Aave 2428 was unaffected and even increased by the change in incubation temperature, NaCl concentration and the pH of the LB broth, indicating that this gene may be directly involved in the bacterial virulence. Overall, the determination of the eight pathogenicity-related genes in strain A1 will be helpful to elucidate the pathogenesis of biofilm-defective A. citrulli.     

Ultrafine Nanoparticle‐Supported Ru Nanoclusters with Ultrahigh Catalytic Activity

The design of an ideal heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation reaction is to impart the catalyst with synergetic surface sites active cooperatively toward different reaction species. Herein a new strategy is presented for the creation of such a catalyst with dual active sites by decorating metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with ultrafine nanoclusters at atomic level. This strategy is exemplified by the design and synthesis of Ru nanoclusters supported on Ni/NiO nanoparticles. This Ru‐nanocluster/Ni/NiO‐nanoparticle catalyst is shown to exhibit ultrahigh catalytic activity for benzene hydrogenation reaction, which is 55 times higher than Ru–Ni alloy or Ru on Ni catalysts. The nanoclusters‐on‐nanoparticles are characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscope, Cs‐corrected high angle annular dark field‐scanning transmission electron microscopy, elemental mapping, high‐sensitivity low‐energy ion scattering, and X‐ray absorption spectra. The atomic‐scale nanocluster–nanoparticle structural characteristics constitute the basis for creating the catalytic synergy of the surface sites, where Ru provides hydrogen adsorption and dissociation site, Ni acts as a “bridge” for transferring H species to benzene adsorbed and activated at NiO site, which has significant implications to multifunctional nanocatalysts design for wide ranges of catalytic reactions.     

稀土在非TiO_2光催化剂的改性研究

近年来,运用稀土改性非TiO2光催化剂取得了显著成果.重点归纳、总结和分析了通过稀土离子单掺或共掺、稀土氧化物复合、上转换光催化与稀土固熔体等手段改性锌基、铋基光催化剂.简单介绍了稀土在钨基等其他基质的应用及新型稀土化合物光催化剂的构筑.发现稀土改性可以影响非TiO2光催化剂的晶格结构能带能、拓宽光谱响应范围和提高量子效率,是提高其光催化活性的有效途径.还对稀土在未来光催化的应用做了分析.     

稀土在非TiO2光催化剂的改性研究

近年来,运用稀土改性非TiO2光催化剂取得了显著成果。重点归纳、总结和分析了通过稀土离子单掺或共掺、稀土氧化物复合、上转换光催化与稀土固熔体等手段改性锌基、铋基光催化剂。简单介绍了稀土在钨基等其他基质的应用及新型稀土化合物光催化剂的构筑。发现稀土改性可以影响非TiO2光催化剂的晶格结构能带能、拓宽光谱响应范围和提高量子效率,是提高其光催化活性的有效途径。还对稀土在未来光催化的应用做了分析。     

装配式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的性能分析及比选

为了研究装配式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的抗震性能,在综述前人研究成果基础上,采用归一化方法比较了五种装配式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的荷载比-位移比曲线、滞回环面积比-位移比曲线,对节点承载力、耗能性能、刚度退化等指标进行分析,探讨了装配式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的抗震性能,并对节点的施工难易及成本进行对比分析.结果 表明:节点构造形式对节点的抗震性能有一定的影响.在小轴压比条件下,加强环式和内隔板式节点抗震性能更好,加强环式节点可通过设置外肋端板提高变形能力;从施工难易程度来看,加强环式和外肋环板式节点难度较其他节点更低;外肋环板式节点的单位极限承载力成本最低.总结的装配式节点形式为相同前提条件下的装配式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的选择提供了参考,其他条件下的节点性能尚需进一步研究.     

Ni/Ce-Al2O3复合氧化物催化甲烷部分氧化制合成气的性能

 采用柠檬酸络合法一步制备了Ni/CeO2-Al2O3复合氧化物催化剂。利用N2物理吸附、XRD、H2-TPR和SEM手段对催化剂进行了表征。考察了还原条件对该复合氧化物在甲烷催化部分氧化(POM)制合成气的催化性能的影响,进一步考察了原料气配比(V(CH4)/V(O2))、反应空速和反应温度对Ni/CeO2-Al2O3催化POM反应性能的影响。结果表明,Ni/CeO2-Al2O3复合氧化物的热稳定性好,比表面积较大(108 m2/g),其中的NiO容易被还原。在700℃、纯H2气氛下还原后的Ni/CeO2-Al2O3在POM反应中表现出最好的催化性能。最佳反应条件为V(CH4)/V(O2)=2、GHSV=12000 mL/(h?g)、反应温度750℃。在该反应条件下,POM反应的CH4转化率大于85%,CO选择性达到85%,H2选择性大于94%。