Performance Analysis of Microstriplines Interconnect Structure with Novel Guard Trace as Parallel Links for High Speed Dram Interfaces

Wireless communication have progressed so fast in recent years with the increased frequency of operation, faster signal speed, reduced feature size and increased the integration of analog and digital blocks within a constrained space. These made the signal integrity analysis is a challengine task to printed circuit board designers. The signal integrity effects need to be mitigated by the proper design of high speed interconnects. In order to reduce crosstalk and crosstalk induced jitter in high speed parallel links to DRAM interface, a novel parallel microstriplines with U shaped guard trace interconnect structure is proposed. The crosstalk performance of the proposed interconnect structure, it can be implemented in DRAM board and compared with the conventional guard intervening scheme. The proposed structure increased the maximum data rate from 800 Mbps to 3.3 Gbps and reduced CIJ more than 2 ps.

     

Acetylcholine-activated chloride current in the T-84 colonic cell line

Plasma viral burden has proven valuable in predicting the future course of systemic HIV related disease and the response to treatment. It is not known whether plasma or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral burden can be used to predict onset of or response to treatment of nervous system disease. We propose a model of viral load mediated neurotoxicity underlying peripheral and central HIV associated neurological disease. The objective of this preliminary study was to assess the relationship of HIV associated neurological disease to quantitative viral load in plasma and CSF. 47 subjects (HIV- = 10, HIV+ = 37) participated in the study. Plasma and CSF samples were collected within a 3 h window. RT-PCR (Roche Amplicor Monitor) was utilized to assess HIV-1 RNA viral load in both plasma and cell free (centrifuged) CSF. Subjects underwent concurrent comprehensive neurological and neuropsychological evaluations. In general, systemic viral load, as measured in plasma, was greater than that found in cell free CSF. Cell free CSF HIV RNA viral load was significantly correlated with neurological dysfunction, whereas plasma viral load was not. The sole subject with an elevated CSF viral load (> 5 Log 10), had HIV associated dementia (HAD) on clinical examination.     

Affective Reactions to Cross-Functional Teams: The Impact of Size, Relative Performance, and Common In-Group Identity.

This study examined the extent to which (a) the formation of a common in-group identity mitigated the negative effects of functional heterogeneity and (b) group size and relative group performance influenced the formation of a common in-group identity once cross-functional teams are formed. Results of a laboratory experiment with 79 student groups indicate that relative group performance did influence the formation of a common in-group identity and that the in-group identity served to improve affective reactions (i.e., satisfaction and preference to work with the group). Findings are discussed in terms of the impact on cross-functional teams. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Analytical and Experimental Study on Suppression of Electromagnetic Interference on High Speed Printed Circuit Board for Wireless Communication Systems

In this paper, a novel routing topology is proposed to reduce crosstalk between parallel links used for high data rate application. Generally, microstrip lines are used in high frequency RF printed circuit boards for propagating high speed signals in wireless communication. Since RF front end modules in wireless system supports a wide ultra wide band frequency range from 700 MHz to 12 GHz, package density parasitic effects have been a major issue which degrades system performance. The close proximity of signal transmission lines with a high packing density results signal integrity problems such as crosstalk and timing jitter. A modified coupled microstrip line is proposed to reduce crosstalk by means of increasing capacitive coupling ratio. Our proposed structure reduced far end crosstalk by 4 dB and near end crosstalk by 4 dB than existing structures. The proposed microstrip line increased the maximum data rate from 1 to 3.3 Gb/s and reduced timing jitter by 51 ps at 3.3 Gb/s.