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排序方式: 共有87条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Christian Immanuel Müller Thomas Rauscher Andreas Schmidt Thomas Schubert Thomas Weißgärber Bernd Kieback Lars Röntzsch 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
In this work different amorphous melt-spun Fe-alloys (Fe82B18, Fe80Si10B10, Fe60Co20Si10B10) were investigated as cathode materials for the alkaline electrolysis of water. In particular, the influence of cobalt as well as the metalloids boron and silicon on the activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was studied in 1 M KOH at 298 K using cyclic voltammetric, galvanostatic and polarization techniques. The electrocatalytic activity was evaluated in the view of the overpotential. It was found that cyclic voltammetric techniques can be used to activate the melt-spun Fe-alloys strongly. Different cyclic voltammetric activation procedures are discussed and the influence of the sweep rate and the potential window on the HER activity was elucidated. The experimental data indicate that the addition of metalloids and, most importantly, of cobalt improves the HER activity of the materials. Thus, the overpotential can be reduced by 200 mV compared to polycrystalline Ni. 相似文献
2.
Yunfei ZhouMichael Eck Cong MenFrank Rauscher Phenwisa NiyamakomSeyfullah Yilmaz Ines DumschSybille Allard Ullrich ScherfMichael Krüger 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2011,95(12):3227-3232
We demonstrate the importance of the nanocrystal surface treatment and the inorganic composition for hybrid solar cells. Mixtures of CdSe nanorods and CdSe quantum dots integrated in hybrid solar cells together with the conjugated polymer poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) perform better than nanorod and quantum dot only based devices. In addition larger sized quantum dots show a similar improvement after integration in respective solar cells. Power conversion efficiency values exceeding 3% are observed. A first result on the shelf lifetime of such a device is highlighted. 相似文献
3.
Nadja Straue Martin Rauscher Sabine Walther Hendrik Faber Andreas Roosen 《Journal of Materials Science》2009,44(22):6011-6019
The production of printed electronics exhibits an enormous economical potential due to the possibility to manufacture innovative
products at low cost. At the moment, one of the major challenges for the fabrication of printed electronics is the controllability
of the material properties during processing and the miniaturization of the deposited structures. In this context, the application
of soft lithographic techniques appears promising, because they allow a defined patterning of the materials in the range of
few nanometers, which is far below the limits of other printing techniques like inkjet-printing or screen printing. This work
proves the applicability of the soft lithographic technique micro-molding in capillaries (MIMIC) for the manufacture of conductive
indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. For the creation of stable dispersions of ITO nano-sized particles, steric as well as electrostatic
stabilization concepts are applied. The prepared dispersions are characterized with regard to the later processing via MIMIC.
The geometry and the electrical properties of the soft lithographically deposited structures are determined to prove their
functionality. Special attention is paid to the influence of the wetting behavior of the dispersions on the resulting geometry
of the structures. Finally, the applicability of the optimized structures is demonstrated by the assembly of a thin film transistor
(TFT), in which the deposited structures serve as source and drain electrodes. 相似文献
4.
A single-gate GaAs FET is utilised to simultaneously perform the photodetection and down-conversion functions of an optical-microwave link receiver, with the transistor supplying its own local oscillator signal through self-oscillation and harmonic generation. Operation up through 89 GHz is demonstrated. 相似文献
5.
Prof. Dr. Thomas Hess Dipl.-Wirtsch.Inf. Stefan Figge Dipl.-Sozw. Heidemarie Hanekop Dipl.-Inf. Iris Hochstatter Dipl.-Kffr. Barbara Rauscher Prof. Dr. Dieter Hogrefe Dipl.-Math. André Riedel Dipl.-Inf. Marco Zibull Dipl.-Kfm. Christian Kaspar Dipl.-Ing. Markus Richter 《WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK》2005,47(1):6-16
Mobile data communication applications, referred to in this paper as mobile applications, were one of the technological innovation and investment targets in recent years. From the past it became obvious that mono-disciplinary approaches to investigate mobile applications have shortcomings when it comes to successful innovation and investment decisions as interdependencies are insufficiently addressed. The paper therefore aims at structuring the scientific contributions of computer science, business economics and sociology in the context of mobile applications to approximate a holistic understanding comprising technological feasibility, economic opportunities and human needs. 相似文献
6.
The new class of microwave active filters being presented offers a convenient way to realize miniature filter circuits with sharp passband-to-stopband transitions. The approach, which lends itself to a broad range of narrowband and wideband filtering applications, involves parallel connections of frequency-selective, unilateral network branches that contain both passive and active subcircuits. Highly selective filtering action derives from controlled interferences among branch signal components. Attributes of the new technique include unconditional circuit stability, tolerance for large passive-circuit-element losses, practicability of narrowband lumped-element configurations, graceful performance degradation with active element parameter changes, and the advantage of module-based procedures for design and implementation. The broad applicability of the new approach is illustrated with three experimental demonstration circuits that employ off-the-shelf MMIC amplifier chips. The circuits comprise a 10-GHz notch filter of one quarter percent bandwidth, a 10-GHz bandpass filter of two percent bandwidth, and a 7.5-GHz lowpass filter 相似文献
7.
Automatic detection of conserved RNA structure elements in complete RNA virus genomes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
IL Hofacker M Fekete C Flamm MA Huynen S Rauscher PE Stolorz PF Stadler 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,26(16):3825-3836
We propose a new method for detecting conserved RNA secondary structures in a family of related RNA sequences. Our method is based on a combination of thermodynamic structure prediction and phylogenetic comparison. In contrast to purely phylogenetic methods, our algorithm can be used for small data sets of approximately 10 sequences, efficiently exploiting the information contained in the sequence variability. The procedure constructs a prediction only for those parts of sequences that are consistent with a single conserved structure. Our implementation produces reasonable consensus structures without user interference. As an example we have analysed the complete HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes as well as the small segment of hantavirus. Our method confirms the known structures in HIV-1 and predicts previously unknown conserved RNA secondary structures in HCV. 相似文献
8.
Administration of highly concentrated, highly potent, and therefore highly dangerous drugs with syringe pumps is common in modern anaesthesia as well as in intensive care and emergency medicine. Because of their exact flow rates down to < 1 ml/h, these pumps are predestined for delivery of drugs with short half-lives, such as catecholamines and vasodilators. But intravenous application of drugs with syringe pumps is not without problems. While it is well known that syringes not fixed correctly into the pump can empty themselves by the influence of gravity, it seems not to be known that hydrostatic pressure can influence the flow rate of a correctly connected system even during continuous infusion. In this situation a change of height of the syringe pump in relation to the patient's position can have tremendous effects on hemodynamics due to unintended acceleration or deceleration of the flow rate. This case report demonstrates that the elevation of a connected epinephrine pump while moving a cardiac surgery patient after ACB operation from the operation table into his bed led to critical increases of heart rate, blood pressure and left atrial pressure. In order to quantify the problem we repeated the situation experimentally. It could be demonstrated that the elevation of the syringe pump by 80-100 cm delivers an additional bolus of 4-5 drops as the central venous catheter outlet. Lowering the pump consecutively leads to the opposite effect. In the case reported, the accidentally administered bolus of epinephrine was 12-15 micrograms (we use a concentration of 60 micrograms/ml epinephrine for continuous infusion with syringe pumps). From this accidental observation the following conclusion can be drawn: The change of height, in relation to the patient's position, of a running syringe pump during continuous infusion of highly concentrated cardiovascular drugs may cause considerable, even life-threatening hemodynamic disorders. Even in a closed infusion system (syringe-extension-central venous catheter), hydrostatic pressure influences infusion rate. Elevation of the pump leads to unintended bolus administration, and lowering of the pump is followed by an interruption of the infusion. In the knowledge of this phenomenon, unexpected hemodynamic reactions during transport of critically ill patients cannot always be interpreted as a result of inadequate anesthesia or volume load, but may be a consequence of incorrect handling of the syringe pumps as described in this report. 相似文献
9.
Thomas Diemant Zhong Zhao Hubert Rauscher Joachim Bansmann R. Jürgen Behm 《Topics in Catalysis》2007,44(1-2):83-93
The interaction of CO with structurally well-defined, planar Au/TiO2 model catalysts at elevated pressures (up to 50 mbar) was studied in-situ by polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and ex-situ by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy performed before and after CO exposure. The results indicate a CO-induced partial reduction
of the oxide surface, which is evidenced by a low frequency C–O vibration at 2060 cm−1, combined with a spreading of the Au nanoparticles due to a modification of the Au-oxide interface energy. In a 2:1 CO:O2 atmosphere, TiO2 support reduction was not observed, and a pre-reduced surface was re-oxidized. The consequences of these results for the
understanding of the CO oxidation mechanism on Au/TiO2 (model) catalysts are discussed. 相似文献
10.
W. Kulisch C. Popov H. Rauscher L. Sirghi T. Sasaki S. Bliznakov F. Rossi 《Diamond and Related Materials》2008,17(7-10):1116-1121
Nucleation and growth, but especially the development of the morphology of nanocrystalline diamond/amorphous carbon (NCD/a-C) nanocomposite films have been investigated by systematic variation of three important parameters, namely the deposition time, the growth rate, and the substrate pre-treatment used to enhance the nucleation density. The films have been characterized, among others, by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is shown that, by successive addition of ultradispersive diamond powder to the suspension of nanocrystalline diamond powder in n-pentane used for the ultrasonic pre-treatment, the nucleation density can be enhanced by two orders of magnitude from 1 · 108 cm− 2 to > 1 · 1010 cm− 2. This reduces the thickness required to achieve closed films from 1 µm to 100 nm. However, once coalescence of the individual nodules emerging from the nucleation sites has taken place the films loose “memory” of the nucleation step and start to develop the typical NCD morphology consisting of larger features with diameters of some hundreds of nm which are in turn composed of much smaller features. Irrespective of the feature size and of the parameters used, the films of this investigation possess AFM rms roughnesses of 9–13 nm, indicating that rms values are not sufficient to characterize NCD surfaces. 相似文献