室温固相合成前体法制备纳米CuO粉体

以Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,利用室温固相反应首先制备出对H2O2分解具有极高催化活性的纳米级混合碱式铜盐粉体,然后经230℃焙烧2h得纳米CuO粉体,并借助XRD、SEM、FT IR、TEM、TGA和DTA等手段对产物的结构、大小、形貌及相关性质进行了表征。结果表明获得了外貌呈球形、大小均匀、无团聚、平均粒径为28nm的纳米CuO粉体。     

稀土掺杂TiO2-活性白土复合光催化剂的合成与性能研究

以钛酸四正丁酯为原料,活性白土为载体,采用溶胶法合成了稀土(Sm3+、Tm3+、Ho3+、Nd3+)掺杂TiO2-活性白土复合光催化剂,借助XRD和UV-Vis技术对其进行了表征,并以甲基橙为模型污染物考察了稀土元素种类及掺杂量对复合光催化剂光催化性能的影响规律.物相结构分析表明,稀土元素掺杂使得复合光催化剂中纳米TiO2晶粒细化;UV-Vis吸收光谱表明,稀土元素掺杂后复合光催化剂吸收边发生明显红移,且在紫外光和可见光区对光的吸收增强;光催化实验表明,四种稀土元素掺杂均能显著提高复合光催化剂的光催化性能,其中Tm3+和Sm3+掺杂改性效果较好,当Tm3+掺杂量为0.1%(物质的量百分比)时复合光催化剂光催化活性较高,将其用于卷烟厂蒸叶废水的脱色去味处理,效果较好,废水COD去除率达到79.1%,且催化剂易沉降分离、重复使用性能稳定.     

KMn8O16纳米棒的制备及其性能表征

以KMnO4和MnSO4*H2O为原料, 采用氧化还原沉淀法制备了KMn8O16粉体,运用XRD、ICP、SEM、TEM、IR、XPS等分析手段对其结构、大小、形貌及相关性质进行了表征.结果表明,所获粉体由大小均匀、平均尺寸约为230nm×25nm的棒状粒子组成;粉体中Mn主要存在形式是+4价,并含有一定数量的表面氧缺位,其较高的H2O2分解活性与它的表面微结构有关.     

Chemical kinetic studies on interfacial reaction in SCS-6 SiC/Ti matrix composites

Interfacial reaction and its mechanism of SiC/Ti composite were revealed by chemical kinetic studies. A two-step dynamic model of interfacial reaction in SCS-6 SiC/Ti composites was built up, and the rate constant and the activation energy of the interfacial reactions were obtained based on the quantum chemistry calculation. The results show that the first step, in which the atomic Ti, C and Si are decomposed from Ti matrix and SiC fiber, respectively, is a rate-determined step because the activation energy of the step is much larger than that of the second one in which deferent interfacial reaction products form. The theoretically predicted result of the interfacial reaction is coincident with that of experimental observation.