壳聚糖温敏水凝胶的质-构关系及研究进展

壳聚糖温敏水凝胶是一种非化学交联智能水凝胶,其成胶性能取决于凝胶组分,形成特定的质-构关系。温和的制备条件和良好的生物活性,使壳聚糖水凝胶在组织工程、药物缓释,特别是细胞培养、液态栓塞剂等领域的研究应用取得了新进展。综述了壳聚糖温敏水凝胶的分类、成胶性能、相变机制及其在生物医药领域研究和应用的新进展。     

Chitosan and <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-cyclodextrin microspheres as pulmonary sustained delivery systems

Chitosan and β-cyclodextrin were used to prepare microspheres with theophylline for pulmonary delivery by spray drying method. The characteristics, mucociliotoxicity, permeation rate and drug release were studied. The drug entrapments of microspheres Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were from 35.70% to 21.09% and 13.33%, while yields and encapsulation efficiencies were higher than 45% and about 90% respectively. The microspheres possessed low tap densities （0.34-0.48 g/cm^3）, appropriate diameters （3.35-3.94 μm） and theoretical aerodynamics diameters （2.20-3.04 μm）. SEM images showed the microspheres were spherical with smooth or wrinkled surface surfaces. FT-IR demonstrated theophylline had formed hydrogen bonds with chitosan and fl-cyclodextrin. The microspheres could effectively reduce the ciliotoxicity and easy to penetrate the memberine. The in vitro release of the microspheres was related to the ratio of drug/polymer and microspheres Ⅱ had a prolong release, providing the release of 72.00% in 12 h. The results suggestes that chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres Ⅱ are a promising carrier as sustained release for pulmonary delivery.     

Properties of biogenic magnetite nanoparticles in the radula of chiton <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acanthochiton rubrolineatus</Emphasis> lischke

The properties of biogenic magnetite(Fe 3 O 4 )nanoparticles in chiton acanthochiton rubrolineatus lischke were characterized by selected electron diffractometry,high resolution transmission electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,M·ssbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements.Results showed that the magnetite nanoparticles presented crystalline appearance,exhibiting strong absorptions at 595,1 463,3 467 cm-1 and weak adsorptions at 1 697,1 113,1 048,848,445 cm-1 in FT-IR,two partially overlapping sextets in M·ssbauer spectrum,and the area ratio of the sextets was 1.08.Also,the particles exhibited ferromagnetic behavior,and had 82 A·m2/kg saturation magnetization,1.4·104 A/m coercive force and 4.0 A·m2/kg remnant magnetization,respectively.The investigation indicates that the biogenic magnetite nanoparticles mineralized in the chiton are impure in composition and non-stoichiometric.     

基于Freeman改进准则的输电线断股识别

为了解决输电线断股故障识别问题,将图像处理识别技术应用到电力系统故障检测中,在Freeman检测直线准则的基础上进行了改进,提出了一种简单高效的检测输电线断股故障的算法。该算法根据输电线端点特征识别出端点,并通过端点对输电线图像进行水平校正,再根据输电线断股故障的特征提出用Freeman链码标记异常处的一些相关的点,计算这些点与输电线边缘之间的垂直距离,以此距离来判断输电线是否存在断股故障。理论分析和实验结果证明,该算法可行、有效、识别率高。     

乙酰化壳聚糖微球作为潜在动脉栓塞剂的研究

利用优化后的乳化交联法制备的壳聚糖微球(CMs)及其乙酰化微球(ACMs)表面光滑、球形完整、粒径均匀。微球溶胀率试验、体外降解试验和细胞毒性试验显示,ACMs多种特性较CM更优。采用ACMs对兔耳栓塞15d后,栓塞部位小动脉萎缩消失,周围组织坏死,部分发生脱落,与坏死组织交界的边缘表皮萎缩增厚。结果表明,ACMs可以作为潜在的动脉栓塞剂。     

羧甲基壳多糖微载体CX-2的性能研究

以羧甲基壳多糖(CMCH)为材料,研制出一种用于动物细胞培养的新型微载体CX-2。对该微载体的色泽、干燥失重、比表面积、悬浮密度、直径、吸水量、溶胀度、粒度分布、表面结构、机械强度、稳定性等理化指标进行了测定,结果表明,CX-2是一种性能良好的微载体。细胞学实验表明,BB细胞能较好地黏着于CX-2微载体上,在24～72h期间细胞生长增殖速度快,120h时细胞已呈现多层次生长状态。再生后的CX-2,可继续用于BB细胞培养,效果无明显变化。结果初步表明,CX-2为新型的、适于动物细胞大规模培养的、可再生利用的微载体。     

新型海洋生物防污措施的研究现状及进展

就近年来出现的一些新型海洋生物防污措施进行综述,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望.     

屎肠球菌冷冻干燥保护剂筛选及稳定性比较研究

屎肠球菌在微生态产品中的应用效果受产品活菌量、贮存稳定性影响明显,为寻找适于屎肠球菌规模化生产的冻干保护剂,本研究通过正交试验设计,及屎肠球菌冷冻干燥保护剂4℃、37℃贮存稳定性比较,优化适合屎肠球菌的冻干保护剂配方为:脱脂乳5g/100mL、蔗糖1g/100mL、麦芽糊精5g/100mL。采用此保护剂配方制备的屎肠球菌冻干样品,在铝箔袋密封包装、温度37℃、相对湿度75%条件下存放4周,菌存活率为97.90%。     

维生素E脂质体的制备工艺筛选、优化及其性质研究

目的优化维生素E（VE）脂质体的制备工艺并考察其性质。方法采用乙醇注入法、乙醚注入法、逆相蒸发法、薄膜水化法和复乳法分别制备v。脂质体,以包封率和保留率为考察指标,选择最优制备方法;经L9（3^4）正交试验设计优化选择,确定脂质体的最佳配方。结果薄膜水化法制备所得的VE脂质体包封率最高,VE保留率较高;用薄膜水化法制备脂质体的最佳配方为磷脂：VE：胆固醇=20：0．8：1．5;用透射电镜观察最佳实验组VE脂质体发现其具有指纹状结构,Zeta电位为．30．9±0．9mV,平均粒径为33．7nm。结论薄膜水化法制得的V。脂质体具有包封率高,VE保留率高,粒径均匀等特点。     

无人飞行器的输电线路综合检测系统研制

研制了一种可安装于飞艇、无人飞机等无人飞行器的输电线路巡检系统,可同时实现可见光检测、红外光检测、紫外光检测和基于图像测量技术的测距等功能.带有无人飞行器经纬度、海拔、飞机以及时间等字幕信息的可见光、红外、紫外视频图像被存入机载检测系统硬盘,也可以实时传回地面站,地面操作人员可通过地面控制平台远程控制机载检测系统,从而...