Tribological behavior studies of chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings reinforced with modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)

To improve the wear resistance of the chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings, MWCNTs are selected as the reinforcement after the modification. The high temperature wear experiment is carried out to investigate the wear behavior of the coatings with different temperatures. The results suggest that, when the temperature is below 500℃, MWCNTs can decrease friction coefficient, and the lowest friction coefficient is about 0.28, but MWCNTs lose the lubricant function at 500℃ and the friction coefficient keeps at the level of ~ 0.68. In addition, the wear resistance of coatings is improved with the introduction of MWCNTs at 100℃ and 300℃ (the wear rate is below 15X10^-3mm³/Nm), but keeps similar level at 500℃ (the wear rate is ~ 22 × 10⁻³mm³/Nm). Besides, the wear mechanism of the coatings reinforced by MWCNTs is also investigated based on the wear behavior and microstructural characterizations. MWCNTs improve the fracture toughness by preventing the crack generation and forming the bridge when crack occurs, which leads to smooth wear tracks and good wear resistance of coatings. The coatings with MWCNTs achieve poor wear resistance at 500℃ because MWCNTs lose their strength and resistance to fatigue by oxidizing.     

Relaxor behavior and energy storage density induced by B-sites substitutions in (Ca0.28Ba0.72)2.1Na0.8Nb5O15 Tungsten bronze ceramics

Lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics (Ca_0.28Ba_0.72)_2.1Na_0.8Nb_5-xSb_xO₁₅ (CBNNS) and (Ca_0.28Ba_0.72)_2.1Na_0.8Nb_5-yTa_yO₁₅ (CBNNT) with tungsten bronze structure were fabricated via solid-state reactions. The obtained CBNNS and CBNNT ceramics showed different dielectric behaviors. Only the CBNNS ceramics revealed an intensified diffusion and relaxor-like characteristics, which could be verified by the modified Curie–Weiss law. The relaxor behaviors in CBNNS were attributed to the radii difference between Sb⁵⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ ions co-occupying in B-sites. For the substitution of Nb⁵⁺ by Sb⁵⁺ in CBNNS ceramics, the change from macroscopic polarization to local polarization could also give rise to the obvious relaxor behavior. The Raman spectra verified a larger off-centering of the cation and a higher distortion degree for BO₆ octahedron in the ab plane for CBNNS ceramics when compared with those of CBNNT. In addition, the ferroelectric properties of CBNNS ceramics further indicated the relaxor ferroelectric nature, and also confirmed that the relaxor behavior helped to improve the energy-storage performance.     

浮世绘《水浒人物》的“中国想象”——解析江户日本浮世绘画师歌川国芳的中国人物样式

日本浮世绘是诞生于江户时期市民文化下的一种民俗画形式。随着明清时期《水浒传》等文学作品传入日本,并在日本广泛传播,浮世绘画师开始对中国古典小说中的人物进行绘画创作。其中以歌川国芳为首,根据文学作品《水浒传》一百零八梁山好汉创作的《水浒人物英雄图》,引起了强烈反响。其人物样式在还原中国味道的同时,也透露出浓烈的日本风格。文章从文学形象的内涵误解、日本本土英雄范式的移植,及本土化创作这三方面解析,探究影响歌川国芳所绘制水浒人物样式的重要因素,并归纳出明清时期中国文化输出对日本所产生的影响。     

Influence of aluminum phosphate on the tribocorrosion performance of chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings

In this study, chemically bonded phosphate ceramic coatings (CBPCCs) with different contents of aluminum phosphate (AP) are prepared on stainless steel (AISI 304L). Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, contact angle test, and a tribocorrosion experiment are carried out to clarify the role of AP in the tribocorrosion performance of CBPCCs. The results show that, with the increase in the AP content, the enthalpy of curing increases because of the greater formation of the bonding phase AlPO₄. Both in static corrosion and in tribocorrosion, the corrosion current density of CBPCCs achieves the lowest value when the weight ratio of AP to polytetrafluoroethylene is about 0.78. Additionally, the influence mechanism of AP on tribocorrosion is clarified. AlPO₄ from the reaction between AP and Al₂O₃ has excellent mechanical properties and can enhance the wear resistance of CBPCCs by reducing the mechanical wear and the increased wear due to corrosion. The alumina particles wrapped by AlPO₄ can form a dense and smooth surface and change the direction of electrolyte propagation, which leads to the increase in the tribocorrosion resistance of CBPCCs.     

Simultaneous degradation of RhB and reduction of Cr(VI) by MIL-53(Fe)/Polyaniline (PANI) with the mediation of organic acid

MIL-53(Fe)/polyaniline (PANI) composite was prepared by in situ depositing PANI on the surface of MIL-53(Fe) and their catalytic performances on the simultaneous removal of RhB and Cr(VI) were investigated. The elimination efficiency of both RhB and Cr(VI) reached more than 98% under pH=2 where hydrochloric acid and citric acid were used to adjust the pH. The results indicated that MIL-53(Fe)/PANI revealed an obvious pH response to the degradation of RhB, while citric acid promoted the Cr(VI) photoreduction. UV-Vis spectra, EIS, and photocurrent response experiments showed that MIL-53(Fe)/PANI had a better light response and carrier migration ability than MIL-53(Fe). The transient absorption spectra also exhibited that the lifetimes of photo-generated carriers were prolonged after the conductive polymer deposition on the MIL-53(Fe) surface. Scavenger experiments demonstrated that the main active species were ·O₂^- and OH. Combined with activity evaluation results, and the possible photocatalytic mechanism of MIL-53(Fe)/PANI on RhB oxidation and Cr(VI) reduction was proposed. The addition of conductive polymer can effectively improve the light response of the catalyst under acidic conditions, and meanwhile citric acid also provided a new mediation for the synergistic degradation of multiple pollutants. Good activity and stability of the catalysts made the scale-up purification of acid water feasible under UV-Vis light.     

In-situ synthesis of 15R-Sialon from Al-Si3N4-Al2O3 composite at 1500°C via liquid-phase sintering

In this study, alumina-based composite with 12 wt% Al and 16 wt% Si₃N₄ was designed to achieve the synthesis of 15R-Sialon reinforced alumina composite. To investigate the reaction mechanism, two-step sintered Al-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ samples at different temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1500°C were prepared and characterized via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that 15R-Sialon was synthesized at 1500°C through a novel liquid Si phase sintering and Si₃N₄ played as a precursor and a reactant. First, Si₃N₄ precursor reacted with Al to form intermediate phases AlN and Si, which were not further transformed below 1400°C. When the sintering temperature was 1500°C, the formed Si presented as a liquid phase, under the influence of which plate-like15R-Sialon was generated from Al₂O₃, residual Si₃N₄, and derived AlN. The obtained Si was also involved in the synthesis of 15R-Sialon and completely transformed. In addition to the AlN from Si₃N₄, the AlN deriving from the nitridation of Al may not react with liquid Si. Compared to 15R-Sialon from liquid Si, plate-like 15R-Sialon with smaller size was generated from AlN, SiO, and O₂.     

Transparent niobate glass-ceramics for optical limiting

The construction of nonlinear optical materials featuring asymmetric transmission of light is of great technological importance for various applications, including optical switching and optical power limiting. A significant challenge is the scalable fabrication of material candidates with good photochemical stability, high optical transmittance, and excellent optical limiting performance. Here, we present a nanocrystallization avenue for constructing hybrid optical limiting materials that exhibit ultrafast and robust optical limiting performance. The experimental results show that the controllable relaxation of a niobate glass may lead to the clustering of Nb-O units and contracting of the bandgap. It results in the notable improvement in nonlinear optical properties, including the enhanced saturation irradiance (380 GW/cm²), doubly increased nonlinear coefficient, and decreased limiting threshold (200 GW/cm²). Our results suggest a promising material that exhibits promising applications for protecting eyes and sensitive components from laser-induced damage.     

Quantitatively exploring the relationship between eye movement and driving behavior under the effect of different complex diagrammatic guide signs

Complex diagrammatic guide signs (DGSs) are widely used. To study the influence of DGSs with different complexities on drivers’ cognition, four types     

轮胎材料分布图精确复原方法研究

研究轮胎材料分布图精确复原方法。通过在轮胎内侧填充具有"流-固"态变化特性的流体材料,如环氧树脂硬胶,保持胎里轮廓形状,将轮胎与填充体共同切割,避免了轮胎切片后内应力释放造成的形变,保证断面上各个部件的尺寸、形状与完整轮胎真实状态一致。对填充固化材料的轮胎切片断面进行三维激光扫描仪扫描获得精确的轮胎内外轮廓,在此基础上复原出比较精确的轮胎材料分布图,用于建立有限元仿真计算的几何模型,对195/65R15轮胎进行有限元仿真分析,结果表明轮胎充气外缘尺寸的仿真精度较高,仿真得到的轮胎轮廓与轮胎真实轮廓吻合度非常高,仿真得到的轮胎接地印痕形状与试验测得的轮胎接地印痕形状吻合度较高。