简易种子调停法制备大小可调的三角形银纳米盘(英文)

通过柠檬酸钠还原银离子,以银纳米粒子为种子,在室温下制备出平均厚度约为5nm,尺寸40到500nm可调的三角形银纳米片。通过种子调停法可实现银纳米盘的面内偶极表面等离子体共振峰(SPR)从最初的520nm红移至1100nm。通过控制实验参数能够很好地理解其生长机制。柠檬酸根离子和增加到生长液里面的银纳米种子是2个重要的参数,可以控制银纳米盘的大小却不改变银纳米盘的厚度以及晶面结构。采用PVP作为包覆剂,其作用机理还不是很清楚,需要进一步的研究。     

玻璃基底上三角纳米银的原位生长与光谱特性研究

以经硅烷化后的玻璃片为基底,吸附三角形银纳米种子,采用柠檬酸钠为还原剂,在室温下还原硝酸银,制备出基底表面具有三角形银纳米粒子聚集结构的材料。应用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、吸收和荧光光谱对产物的结构和性质进行表征。结果表明：随着生长液体积的增加,基片上三角形银纳米盘的平均粒径长大约为300nm,且基底上出现了双层粒子堆叠;基底上纳米粒子的吸收光谱中出现了由银粒子的表面等离子体激元偶极子耦合引发的强烈吸收峰,耦合峰在600～800nm波段内移动;在215nm紫外光的激发下,基底上纳米粒子的荧光光谱在400nm处出现发射峰,荧光光谱的发光强度随着基底上粒子平均尺度增加而减弱。     

Preparation of nano-structured Ag solid materials and application to surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Silver nano-particles with average diameter of about 60 nm were compacted in a high-strength mold under different pressures at 523 K to produce nano-structured Ag solid materials. The structure and characteristic of the nano-structured Ag solid materials (NSS-Ag) were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectrometer. The NSS-Ag could be used as highly efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrates. The common probe molecules Rhodamine 6G (R6G, 1×10⁻¹⁰ mol/L) were used to test the SERS activity on these substrates at very low concentrations. It is found that the SERS enhancement ability is dependent on the density of NSS-Ag. When the relative density of NSS-Ag is 83.87%, the materials reveal great SERS signal.     

单相纳米晶Ag_2Al颗粒的制备及表征(英文)

采用自悬浮定向流法制备单相Ag2Al金属间化合物纳米颗粒及Ag和Al纳米颗粒;利用透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱分析、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱等对纳米Ag2Al微晶的形貌、粒度、相组成、成分及微结构进行表征。研究表明:所制备的金属间化合物纳米粒子为球形的六边形结构,其平均粒径为33μm,样品中Ag和Al的摩尔比非常接近标准配比2:1,颗粒由单相的Ag2Al组成。对放置在空气中的Ag2Al纳米颗粒表面成分进行分析,XPS测试结果表明:在Ag2Al微晶表面形成了一层很薄的氧化物膜,可能是铝的氧化物或银铝氧化物。实验证实,通过控制气相反应的工艺条件可以制备出粒径很小的单相Ag2Al纳米晶。     

玻璃基底上二维有序Au纳米结构阵列消光特性的理论研究

采用离散偶极子近似方法(discrete dipoleapproximation,简称DDA)从理论上对玻璃基底上不同粒径的Au纳米粒子结构阵列的消光光谱以及消光峰与纳米粒子粒径的关系进行了研究。计算结果显示玻璃基底上的Au纳米粒子结构阵列的消光谱中出现明显区别于Au单体纳米粒子的共振峰,玻璃基底上的Au纳米粒子结构阵列的消光性质与单体纳米粒子的粒径密切相关,随着纳米粒径的增大表面等离子体共振吸收峰出现明显红移,并且在粒径>40nm时出现多峰吸收现象。计算结果与实验结果基本一致。给出玻璃基底上的Au纳米粒子结构阵列的共振吸收峰随单体纳米粒子粒径变化的关系图。对Au纳米结构阵列的吸收机制进行系统的理论分析。     

溶剂热法中Na_2S浓度对银纳米线合成的影响

系统地探讨了溶剂热法中不同Na2S浓度对制备银纳米线的影响。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外-可见分光光度计对样品进行表征及分析。结果表明,Na2S浓度对银纳米线的合成有着重要的影响,在一定浓度范围内,随着Na2S浓度的增加,银纳米线逐渐增加;当Na2S浓度为1mmol/L时,可以得到尺度均匀的纯银纳米线,浓度过大时又会出现类球状银纳米颗粒。     

多轮置换法制备的Au-Ag三角纳米环及其光学性能

以双还原剂法制备的单晶三角形银纳米盘为模板,在室温HAuCl4溶液中发生多轮置换反应,制备Au-Ag三角纳米环材料。采用TEM、EDX和XRD等检测手段表征反应阶段产物的形貌、组成以及晶体结构。TEM、EDX和电子衍射谱证实Au置换了Ag。反应7轮后纳米盘的面内偶极表面等离子体共振峰从初始的700nm逐步红移到1100nm,形貌从实心盘状逐渐变为空心纳米环。改变每轮加入的HAuCl4量即可精细调节面内偶极峰的红移步进量。通过采用SERS光谱检测方法,随着多步置换反应的进行,提出了一个可行的形成机理机制。     

亚波长减反射光栅的研究进展

介绍了亚波长光栅衍射理论体系以及基于纳米平版印刷术的亚波长减反射光栅的设计与制备、减反射特性和应用等方面的最新研究进展。分析了以亚波长减反射光栅作为光学系统增透元件的可行性。展望了亚波长减反射光栅向可见光、紫外波段的发展趋势,以及在高功率激光领域的应用前景。研究表明,亚波长光栅在减反射和激光损伤方面均具有优异的特性,而且有可能同时实现多种功能,简化光学系统。利用纳米平板印刷术可以使亚波长光栅的制备和应用向可见光、紫外波段方向延伸。     

Effect of heat treatment of Mn-Cu precursors on morphology of dealloyed nanoporous copper

Nanoporous copper with nano-scale pore size was synthesized by dealloying Mn-Cu precursor alloy using a free corrosion method. The effects of heat treatment of Mn-Cu precursors on alloy phase, morphology and composition of the resultant nanoporous copper were investigated. It is revealed that the compositions distribute homogeneously in the bulk Mn-Cu precursors, which consequently results in a more fully dealloying for forming nanoporous copper. The alloy phase changes from Cu_0.49Mn_0.51 and Cu_0.21Mn_0.79 of non-thermally treated precursor to Cu_0.33Mn_0.67 of heat treated alloy. The residual Mn content in nanoporous copper is decreased from 12.97% to 2.04% (molar fraction) made from the precursor without and with 95 h heat treatment. The typical pore shape of nanoporous copper prepared by dealloying the precursor without the heat treatment is divided into two different zones: the uniform bi-continuous structure zone and the blurry or no pore structure zone. Nanoporous copper is of a uniform sponge-like morphology made from the heat-treated precursor, and the average ligament diameter is 40 nm, far smaller than that from the non-thermally treated precursor, in which the average ligament diameter is estimated to be about 70 nm.